meteorology
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Meteorology. Weather and Climate. What is Meteorology?. The study of atmospheric phenomena. WTH?!?! I thought a meteor was something that came from space?!?! - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Meteorology
Weather and Climate
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What is Meteorology?The study of atmospheric phenomena.WTH?!?! I thought a meteor was something that came from space?!?!In modern society, meteor pertains to a rock falling from space. In ancient Greece, meteor came from meteoros meaning “high in the air”
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Weather & ClimateWeather
Current state of the atmosphereShort-term variations in the atmosphere (hours)
ClimateLong-term variations in the weather for a particular area (years – decades)
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Compare/ContrastWeather
Lincoln’s high temp today is 62°F.
It is sunny with a slight breeze today.
The forecast for tomorrow is calling for half of an inch of rain.
Climate
Lincoln’s summer climate is hot and humid.
The winters in Seattle, WA are wet, cold, and cloudy.
Nebraska has hot and humid summers, and cold and dry winters.
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What does the Sun have to do with anything?
EVERYTHING!!!
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Solar RadiationThe Sun heats the surface of the Earth.How is the radiation distributed throughout the planet?
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Solar RadiationWhat is the warmest time of the day?More direct rays in the afternoonSun’s rays are more spread out at lower anglesSame energy over a larger area
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WeatherThe heat from the solar radiation is redistributed throughout the globe
Air and water movement Earth’s surface, oceans, and atmosphere
This redistribution is what we call weather.
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Air MassesWhat is an air mass?
Air Mass: Large body of air that takes on the characteristics of the area over which it forms.The area over which the air mass forms is called the source region.
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Air MassesClassification
Continental Tropical (cT): warm and dryMaritime Tropical (mT): warm and humidContinental Polar (cP): cold and dryMaritime Polar (mP): cold and humidArctic (A or cA): colder than cP
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Global Wind SystemsWhy is there wind?
Convection CellsWhy are there convection cells?
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Coriolis Effect
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Global Wind Systems
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FrontsWhat is a front?
Region separating two air masses of different densities.Differences caused by temp, pressure, and humidityThousands of kilometers longInteractions cause changes in weather
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Cold FrontCold, dense air displaces warm air, forcing it up along a steep frontClouds, showers, thunderstorms
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Warm Front Warm air displaces cold airSlower than cold frontCloudy, precipitation
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Stationary Front Two air masses meet, but neither advancesBoundary stallsTemperature/Pressure difference between air masses is smallPatterns reflect a warm front
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Occluded Front Cold air moves so fast that it overtakes a warm front, wedging the warm air upward.Precipitation
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High/Low PressureRising air is associated with low pressureSinking air is associated with high pressureCoriolis effect causes rotation
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Pressure SystemsHigh Pressure
Air sinks, so it spreads away from center at surface
Low Pressure
Air rises, so air moves inward towards center to replace the rising air
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Weather TechnologyThermometer ,Barometer, Anemometer, HygrometerRadiosondeWeather RadarDoppler RadarWeather Satellites
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Radiosonde
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Doppler Radar