method of psychological study
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Method on Psychological Study
General Psychology
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Introspection
Observation/Descriptive Method
Life History
Survey
Experimental Method
Statistical Method
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Descriptive Methods
These provide a description of the behavior of the person or the animal being studied
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SensesSight Visual Eyes
Hearing Auditory Ear
Smell Olfactory Nose
Taste Gustatory Tongue
Touch Cutaneous Skin
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Naturalistic Observation
Observation of things as they naturally happen.
The observer simply record what they see and hear who selecting some events and ignoring others.
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Naturalistic ObservationPsychologists is interested in the answer to some specific questions.
It is made more precise and even more systematic with the use of the following:
Tests
Scales
Inventories
and Questionnaires
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Clinical Method
People with problems come or are taken to a clinical psychologists for help.
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Life History
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Survey
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Experimental Method
It is considered as the basis or foundation of all scientific research.
Some experiments require elaborate equipments and are conducted in the laboratory.
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Statistical Method
The data obtained from experiments are needed to be classified in order to give meaning to the data
and they need to be interpreted according to statistical procedures.
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Statistical Method
Measures of central tendency
Correlation
Reliability and Validity
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Measures of Central Tendency
Mean
Median
Mode
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Mean
Most often refers to as true “Arithmetic Mean”
Obtained by summing all elements of the data set and dividing by the number of element.
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Median
the “Middle Entry” in the list
it is the middle element where the data set is arranged in order of magnitude
MIDRANGE- is the arithmetic mean of the highest data elements
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Mode!
is the data element which occurs most frequently
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example1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1
1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2
1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2
1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 2 2
1 =
2 =
23
27
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Reliability
Refers essentially to repeatability
A test is said to be reliable if it yields similar results each time it is used.
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Validity
refers to the extent with which a test measures what it is supposed to measure.
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Solve:1. 2 , 1 , 4 , 3 , 6 , 5 , 8 , 7 , 1 0 , 9
2. 1 0 , 2 0 , 3 0 , 4 0 , 5 0
3. 5 0 , 3 0 , 8 0 , 9 0
4. 2 0 5 , 1 0 5 , 3 0 5 , 4 0 5 , 7 0 5 , 5 0 5
5. 1 0 , 0 0 0 4 0 , 0 0 0 7 0 , 0 0 0 8 0 , 0 0 0 3 0 , 0 0 0 6 0 , 0 0 0
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