CHAPTER THREEMETHODOLOGYThe methods and procedures adopted in the generation, processing and analysing of data for a study go a long way in enhancing the quality of this research. Therefore, the chapter focuses on the research design, population of the study, sampling and sampling designs, and research instrument, the sources of data, the research conceptual model, measurement of identified variables, pilot study; validity; and reliability of the instrument procedures for the data collection, methods of data analysis and nevertheless, the limitations of the methodology.3.1 Research DesignThe descriptive survey research design will be adopted as the study. According to Kpolovie (2010) descriptive design is majorly used for studying relationship or interrelationship that exists between dependent variable (criterion) and independent variables, as well allow variables to be measured at the same time. This design is considered appropriate for this study because it allows to determine the relative effect of training and development practices on productivity and at the same time establish the degree of relationships that exists among the hypothesized variables.3.2 Population of the StudyThe study population is comprised of all employees at Babcock University. The table below gives a brief rundown of the make up for the population. Table 3.1Population of Staff at Babcock University1Academic Staff462

2Non-Academic Staff480

Total942

Source: BUHR (2015)

3.3 Sampling TechniquesThe sampling technique for this study will be the use of stratified and simple random technique. The stratified method will be used to group the population into strata then the random sampling technique will be used to select the samples from the population. 3.4Sample Size determinationThe Yaro Yamani formula will be used to determine the sample size from the population. The formula is given as follows.

Where n= Sample sizeN= population sizee= population of sample error (0.05)Determination of sample size for the research population; n = 942 1+942 (0.05)2n = 942 1+942 (0.05)2n = 942 1+2.355n = 942 3.355n = 2803.5Method of Data CollectionThe method to be adopted for the collection of data for this study will be the primary method. Data will be collected from the respondents using self-structured/adapted questionnaires designed and validated by the supervisor. 3.6Research InstrumentThe questionnaire will be adopted for this survey. The questionnaire will help to obtain or generate a non-biased data from the respondents which will aid the analysis of the work. The questionnaire will be divided into four sections. The first section will be based on the demographic characteristics of the respondents, the second section will feature questions on on-the job training, and the third section will feature questions on off-the job training while the last section will be based on employee productivity. The scales for section two to four will be a 6 point scale ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Strongly agree = 1 Agree = 2Fairly Agree = 3Fairly Disagree = 4Disagree = 5Strongly disagree = 6

3.7Pilot StudyA pilot study will be conducted by pretesting the questionnaire on staff member using 10% of the sample size figure on Babcock university high school staff members. 3.7.1Validity of the InstrumentThe validity of the research instrument will be ascertained by subjecting it to the scrutiny of the research supervisor and other experts in the field of research.3.7.2Reliability of the Research instrumentThe reliability of the research instrument will be ascertained by subjecting the pre-tested questionnaires to a Cronbach Alpha test which will be acceptable at a coefficient of 0.7 and above.3.8 Method of Data AnalysisThe descriptive and inferential statistics will used in analyse the data collected. The descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage will be used in analysing the demographic variables. Regression analysis will be used to examine the effect of training on employee productivity and to test for the significance of the effects on isolated variables on the explanatory, the study adopted the t-statistics, while the F-ratio was used to test the aggregates of the explanatory variables using the following decision rule:If Fcalculated > Ftabulated = reject the Ho and or Fcalculated < Ftabulated = accept the Ho.3.8.1 Model SpecificationY = f(X)Y = Employee ProductivityX = TrainingX = f(x1, x2)x1= on-the job trainingx2 = off-the job training.ThereforeY = f(x1)Y = f(x2)Y = 0 + 1x1 + Y = 0 + 2x2 + 3.9 Limitations of the MethodologyIt becomes imperative to state that some limitations are inherent in the sequence of methods and procedures adopted in this study. These limitations are highlighted as follows: the selected sample size could limit generalization, there are problems of obtrusiveness and social desirability biases in a research work that adopt the use of structured questionnaire (Luthans and Davis, 1982). Similarly, some of the shortcomings of questionnaire administration include psychometric problems, such as anonymity, language and External response sets (Cozby, 2003). However, the researcher is of the opinion that the aforementioned limitations arose out of the sequential methodological procedures adopted in study. Nevertheless, none of the highlighted limitations is likely to have a material effect on the findings of the study.