methods of instruction
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METHODS OF INSTRUCTION. JOHN HORNE TARGET SKYSPORTS HIBALDSTOW NOVEMBER 2002. AIM OF THIS LESSON. TO MAKE YOU THE BASIC INSTRUCTOR AWARE OF THE PRINCIPLES OF GOOD INSTRUCTION. PRINCIPLES OF GOOD INSTRUCTION. CLEAR AIM GOOD PLANNING AND PREPARATION PROMOTE INTEREST USE OF RIGHT SENSES - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
METHODS METHODS OFOF
INSTRUCTIONINSTRUCTION
JOHN JOHN HORNEHORNE
TARGET SKYSPORTSTARGET SKYSPORTS
HIBALDSTOWHIBALDSTOW
NOVEMBER 2002NOVEMBER 2002
AIM OF THIS LESSONAIM OF THIS LESSON
• TO MAKE YOU THE BASIC INSTRUCTOR AWARE OF THE PRINCIPLES OF GOOD INSTRUCTION
PRINCIPLES OF GOODPRINCIPLES OF GOODINSTRUCTIONINSTRUCTION
• CLEAR AIM• GOOD PLANNING AND
PREPARATION• PROMOTE INTEREST• USE OF RIGHT SENSES• MAXIMUM ACTIVITY• SIMPLICITY• HUMAN FACTOR• CONFIRMATION BY STAGES
THE AIM THE AIM
• THE AIM IS POSSIBLY THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR WHEN PLANNING YOUR LESSON.
• ALWAYS STATE THE AIM
• REMEMBER TO QUALIFY IT
• IT SHOULD BE YOUR OBJECTIVE
• A CLEAR AIM WILL TELL YOU WHAT TO TEACH AND HOW TO TEACH IT
PLANNINGPLANNINGANDAND
PREPAPREPA RATION
RATION
CONSIDER THE SIX CONSIDER THE SIX P’sP’s
PRIOR - PLANNING
& PREPARATION
PREVENTS - A POOR
PERFORMANCE
PLANNING PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS :-CONSIDERATIONS :-
• THE AREATHE AREA – ENSURE THE AREA IS SUITABLE
FOR WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO ACHIEVE
TRAINING AIDS ?TRAINING AIDS ?
• LAP TOPS /OH PROJECTORS
• TVs & VIDEOS
• MAG AIDS
• EQUIPMENT
• ASSISTANTS
DO NOT ALLOW TRAINING AIDS TO TAKE OVER YOUR LESSON
SUBJECT KNOWLEDGESUBJECT KNOWLEDGE
• THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR RELEVANT SUBJECT KNOWLEDGE IT WILL HELP YOU TO BE CONFIDENT AND OVERCOME STAGE FRIGHT
YOU MUST DECIDE WHAT POINTS TO TEACH
• MUST KNOW
• SHOULD KNOW
• COULD KNOW
LESSON PLANS ?LESSON PLANS ?
• A STRUCTURED LESSON
• BEGINNING (INTRO-REVISE-AIM)
• MIDDLE (SUBJECT MATTER)
• END (SUMMARY - QUESTIONS -LOOK FORWARD)
• DON’T FORGET TO REHEARSE
INTERESTINTEREST
• YOU AS THE INSTRUCTOR, HAVE TO LEAD THE STUDENTS THROUGH 3 STAGES OF LEARNING :-
• WANT TO LEARN
• LEARN
• REMEMBER
THE DESIRE TO THE DESIRE TO LEARN LEARN
• TO MAINTAIN INTEREST CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING :-
• REALISM
• COMPETITIONS
• CURIOSITY
• VARIETY
• INCENTIVES
THE DESIRE TO THE DESIRE TO LEARN LEARN
• SENSE OF ACHIEVEMENT
• CLASS COMFORT
• CLASS ACTIVITY
• ENTHUSIASM
• WALK BEFORE RUNNING
USE OF RIGHT SENSESUSE OF RIGHT SENSES
• THE THREE SENSES WE ARE INTERESTED IN:
TOUCHHEARING SIGHT
A GOOD LESSON IS MADE UP OF:
70% TOUCH (DOING)
20% SIGHT
10% HEARING
MAXIMUM ACTIVITYMAXIMUM ACTIVITY• IT IS IMPORTANT THAT YOUR
STUDENTS REMAIN ACTIVE MENTALLY AND PHYSICALLY
• REMEMBER PARACHUTING IS ESSENTIALLY A PRACTICAL SKILL
• WHEN USING EQUIPMENT, LET THE STUDENTS GET HANDS ON
• WHEN TEACHING A DRILL, DEMONSTRATE - IMITATE - PRACTICE
• TEACH FACTS BY USING GOOD QUESTION TECHNIQUE.
SIMPLICITYSIMPLICITY• GOOD INSTRUCTION MAKES A
DIFFICULT SUBJECT EASY TO UNDERSTAND AND MORE IMPORTANTLY EASY TO REMEMBER
• AVOID NEGATIVE TEACHING IF POSSIBLE
• WORK TO SLOWER STUDENTS
• REMEMBER NEED TO KNOW PRINCIPLE
THE HUMAN FACTORTHE HUMAN FACTOR
• PERSONAL APPEARANCE
• DON’T EMBARRASS OR BULLY
• AVOID HANDLING STUDENTS
• DON’T BLUFF
• SEXIST, AGEIST, RACIST, SIZEIST REMARKS
• CONFIRM BY STAGES
• BE APPROACHABLE
• REMEMBER THE QUALITIES OF A SPORT PARACHUTE INSTRUCTOR.
• IN SHORT, YOUR AIM SHOULD BE TO SET A GOOD EXAMPLE, BE FIRM, HELPFUL AND TRY TO SEE THINGS THROUGH YOUR STUDENT’S EYES.
QUESTION TECHNIQUEQUESTION TECHNIQUE
WHY ASK QUESTIONS ?WHY ASK QUESTIONS ?
• TO TEST - TO CONFIRM STUDENTS ARE LEARNING
• TO TEACH - ASK QUESTIONS TO MAKE STUDENTS THINK FOR THEMSELVES
• TO PROMOTE CLASS ACTIVITY - ALERT AND INTERESTED STUDENTS
HOW TO ASK QUESTIONSHOW TO ASK QUESTIONS
• QUESTION- PAUSE - NOMINATE - PUT THE QUESTION TO THE WHOLE CLASS, ALLOW SUFFICIENT TIME FOR EVERY STUDENT TO THINK ABOUT IT, THEN NOMINATE A STUDENT TO ANSWER. THIS STOPS STUDENTS FROM SWITCHING OFF.
POSE-PAUSE-POUNCE
• MAKE QUESTIONS CLEAR - STUDENTS MUST FULLY UNDERSTAND THE QUESTION IN ORDER TO GIVE THE CORRECT ANSWER
• AVOID 50/50 QUESTIONS - STUDENTS MAY GUESS THE ANSWER. IF SUCH A QUESTION CANNOT BE AVOIDED ASK THE STUDENT TO CLARIFY.
• TEST SKILLS BY PERFORMANCE - NEVER ASK THE STUDENT TO DESCRIBE A SKILL, A DEMONSTRATION IS ESSENTIAL
• NEVER TEST POWERS OF EXPRESSION - IT IS UNFAIR TO A STUDENT AND WASTES TIME
QUESTIONS FROM QUESTIONS FROM STUDENTSSTUDENTS
• RELEVANT
• DON’T KNOW
• IRRELEVANT
TO SUMMARISETO SUMMARISE• HAVE GOOD SUBJECT KNOWLEDGE
• HAVE PLENTY OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE
• HAVE THE QUALITIES OF A GOOD PARACHUTE INSTRUCTOR
• HAVE THE ABILITY TO APPLY THE PRINCIPLES OF GOOD INSTRUCTION
ANY QUESTIONS ?ANY QUESTIONS ?