MGG Research in HIGP

Summary statement of mission and goals 1) Study of the plate tectonic evolution of the Earth 2) Divergent and convergent plate processes 3) Global geochemical (and biogeochemical) cycles4) Hot spot tracking and evolution

Personnel Richard Hey (PhD Princeton, 1975, 1.00 FTE (75% State))

Fernando Martinez (PhD Columbia, 1988, 1.00 FTE (50%State)) Patricia Fryer (PhD UHM 1981, 1.00 FTE (75% State)) Loren Kroenke (PhD UHM, 1972, 1.00 FTE (100% State)

Extramural funding

Hey1. Investigation of Reykjanes Ridge Evolution near Iceland, NS, $330,4442. Collaborative Research: Detailed Analysis of High-Resolution

Morphological Data and Water-Column Hydrothermal Measurements along Earth's Fastest Spreading Center, EPR 27-32°S, NSF, $56,839

3. Structure and Composition of Fast Spread EPR Crust Exposed at Pito Deep, NSF, $86,016 (UH share of Alvin/ROV project, J. Karson PI)

Martinez1. Collaborative Research: Investigating the Distribution of Hydrothermal

Activity and its Geologic and Geophysical Controls at the Lau Integrated Studies Site, NSF $410,387

2. Accomplishment Based Renewal: Evolution of the Lau Basin-A Reappraisal, NSF, $198,948

Extramural funding (cont.)

Martinez (Cont.)3. Collaborative Research: Investigating the interrelationships between

crustal structure, volcanism, and hydrothermal activity along the backarc East Lau Spreading Center, NSF, $373,286

4. Investigation of Reykjanes Ridge Evolution Near Iceland, NSF, $299,910 (Hey, PI)

5. Collaborative Research: Continental Break-up, Ridge Segmentation and Subduction of the Woodlark Basin, NSF, $122,093 (Taylor PI)

6. Seafloor Hydrothermal Research Fund, Corporate donation by Teck Cominco to UH Foundation, $698,072

Fryer1. Post-Cruise Science Support IODP Exp 315, JOI $15,0002. Shipboard scientist salary support IODP Exp 315, JOI, $5,9003. Serpentinization Effects on Forearc Peridotite: A Mineralogic, Textural,

and Geophysical Study, NSF $354,685

Extramural fundingFryer (Cont.)4. Collaborative Research: Borehole Studies of ODP Site 1200, South

Chamorro Seamount, A Window into Active Serpentinite Mud Volcanism, NSF, $107,493

5. Collaborative Proposal: Challenger Deep and Trench-related Processes, Reconnaissance Studies with WHOI’s 11km-Capability Hybrid-ROV, NSF, $25,069

6. Minor and Trace element geochemistry and rates of diffusion and reaction in the Porcupine carbonates mound pore fluids, Post-Cruise Science Support IODP Exp 307, JOI $21,999

7. Shipboard scientist salary support IODP Exp 307, JOI, $5,0008. Petrologic and RAMAN spectroscopy Analysis of Secondary Phases in Rocks from the Atlantis Core Complex: IODP Expedition 304/305 JOI, $22,229

Kroenke Hotspots and Global APM, OCE05-26496, $219,140.00, P.

Wessel (PI) and L.W. Kroenke (CoPI)

Instrumentation acquired, and laboratories supervised and funded/supported by

group

Hey: Plate tectonics lab, in collaboration with Fernando Martinez

Martinez: R/V Kilo Moana. Cruises in 2008 will include a 75 day expedition (ship plus OTG costs of ~$33,000/day for a total of ~$2,475,000). HMRG: NSF Facilities and private funds support for ~45 days at a rate of ~$10,000/day to carry out seafloor mapping.

Fryer: SOEST Lapidary Facility supervisor, funding secured for analysis using SOEST Microprobe Facility, XRF, XRD, Raman and Micro-Raman, Ion Probe, and SEM (with EBSD)

Research Expeditions, Society Meetings/Workshops

Hey

- 2003: July, High-resolution chirp SUBSCAN seismic reflection survey of Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland, Reykjavik-Heimaey, SOEST, University of Hawaii/ Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution/ Scripps Institution of Oceanography/University of Iceland, chief scientist R.N. Hey, R/S BJARNI SAEMUNDSSON.

- 2003: July-August, EM300 survey of Vestmannaeyjar and the Reykjanes Ridge, Iceland, Heimaey-Reykjavik, University of Iceland/ SOEST, University of Hawaii, chief scientist A. Hoskuldsson, R/S ARNI FRIDRIKSSON.

- 2005: January-March, DSL-120A, Jason and Alvin investigations of Pito Deep, Easter Microplate, Duke University/ University of South Florida/ SOEST, University of Hawaii/Scripps Institution of Oceanography, chief scientist J. Karson, R/V ATLANTIS, DSV ALVIN

Research Expeditions, Society Meetings/Workshops

Martinez

- 2007: R/V Knorr, Reykjavik, Iceland to Reykjavik, Iceland, 15 June to 15 July 2007 (Co-Chief Scientist) Magnetics, gravity and multibeam seafloor mapping of the Reykjanes Ridge near Iceland to examine origin of “v-shaped ridges”.

- 2008: R/V Kilo Moana, Honolulu to Nuku’alofa, Tonga, 10 March to 22 March, 2008 (Chief Scientist), Geophysical mapping during ship transit. 2008: R/V Kilo Moana, Nuku’alofa to Nuku’alofa, Tonga, 26 March to 12 May, 2008 (Chief Scientist), Geophysical and oceanographic mapping of geological structure and related hydrothermal activity along back-arc spreading centers in the Lau Basin, Tonga.

- 2008: R/V Kilo Moana, Nuku’alofa, Tonga to Honolulu 14 May to 23 May, (Chief Scientist), Geophysical mapping during ship transit

- 2007: NSF Workshop and Workshop Report: “The Future of Marine Heat Flow: Defining Scientific Goals and Experimental Needs for the 21st Century” (Co-Convener),) 6-7 September 2007, Salt Lake City, UT.

- Keynote speaker at 4 meetings in last 3 years

Fryer

- 2003: Chief Scientist R/V Thomas Thompson, TN154, Jason/DSL120 ROV survey of Mariana Forearc serpentinite mud volcanoes (55-day cruise Mar-May)

- 2003: Co-Organizer of the Ridge 2000-InterRidge Joint Theoretical Institute: Interactions among Physical, Chemical, Biological, and Geological Processes in Backarc Spreading Systems: Jeju (Cheju) Island, Korea; Dates: 24 - 28 May, 2004

- 2003: Hosted ODP Leg 195 second post-cruise meeting in Honolulu Nov. 3-5,- 2003: Convened special session on” Recent developments in deep submergence

Science,” 2003 Fall AGU meeting - 2004: IODP Science Planning Committee member, Corvallis OR, Oct. 25-27

(science planning and scheduling decisions for 2005-2006.)- 2005: Lead metamorphic petrologist on IODP Expedition 305 (Jan. 8 – Mar. 2)- 2005: Editorial Committee for Preliminary Report of IODP expedition 304/305.- 2005: 3 weeks as Co-chief Scientist on Yokosuka/Shinkai 6500, Mariana

backarc basin (July. - Aug. 2005) - 2005: IODP Science Planning Committee member, Kyoto, Japan, Oct. 25-28

Fryer (Cont.)

- 2007: Presented “Drilling Preview” regarding IODP Proposal 505 (Mariana forearc) to the Environmental Protection and Safety Panel of the IODP in Houston, TX, June 2007.

- 2007: Gas Hydrates Observatory Workshop invitee, co-led breakout group #4, wrote group’s section of workshop report. July, 2007

- 2007: Hosted IODP Expedition 304/305 second Post-cruise Meeting in Hilo, Sept. 2007

- 2007: Co-Convened IBM MARGINS Workshop, Honolulu Hawaii Subduction Factory Studies in the Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc System: Results and Future Plans, November 7-10, 2007.

- 2007: R/V Kilo Moana, test cruise of the WHOI Hybrid ROV “Nereus”

- Kroenke2006: Workshop on the Scientific Ocean Drilling of the Ontong Java Plateau

July 31 - Aug. 1

Current Research

Hey: Analysis of data from recent oceanographic expeditions:

a) Tectonic/volcanic segmentation and controls on hydrothermal venting along Earth's fastest sea-floor spreading system, EPR 27°-32°S

b) ALVIN magnetometer investi-gations of tectonic windows into superfast spread crust exposed at Pito Deep, Easter Microplate

c) Origin of the V-shaped ridges along the Reykjanes Ridge south of Iceland (see Fig.)

Current Research (Cont.)

Martinez: Major NSF initia-tives such as the Ridge2000 Program have decadal time spans with goals of investigating a broad range of interrelated processes at seafloor spreading centers from mantle pro-cesses to the magmatic and tectonic construction of the oceanic crust to the biological systems that live in these settings. Hydrothermal activity is a key process that transfers matter and energy across these components. My recent work has focused on the study of the geologic and geophysical controls on the occurrence and distri-bution of hydrothermal activity at back-arc spreading centers.

Current Research (Cont.)

Fryer: Divergent (Mid-Atlantic Ridge IODP Exp 305 and Mariana Backarc Basin) and convergent plate margin processes, (Mariana forearc) petrogenesis and metamorphism of the mantle, changing stress regimes in subduction zones. Recently funded to examine dredged serpentinized peridotite samples from numerous forearc sites to study evolution of the suprasubduction-zone mantle.

ODP SeafloorObservatorySite 1200 0 08

Shinkai 650007/08

Shinkai 6500 06

Dredging 07

Evolution of mantlemineralogy/textures and anisotropy 08

Current Research (Cont.):

Kroenke: plate tectonic reconstruction of the Pacific, initiation of subduction, hot-spot mapping. Reconciling late Neogene Pacific absolute and relative plate motion change.

Wessel et al., 2006: Geometry of the Hawaii-Emperor seamount chain. The Hawaii-Emperor Bend dated at 47–48 Myr (~Chron 21) by allowing 1–2 Myr for edifice construction. Triangles = recent dates from Sharp and Clague [2002] except for Nintoku [Tarduno et al., 2003].

Future Directions

Hey: in addition to continuing my research in the 3 areas mentioned above, I'm revising the Cox and Hart textbook, Plate Tectonics: How it Works.

Martinez: Studies of several (Lau, Manus and Mariana) backarc basins reveal a broad range of conditions of back-arc basin development. His work has attracted attention from major mining companies (Teck Cominco, Nautilus Minerals - currently funding my research though sizable gifts (~$700K) I hope to continue and expand this academic/industry relationship in the future.

Kroenke: Will expand recent studies to include examination of global tectonism, cause and effect.

Future Directions (Cont.):Fryer: Studies of arc/backarc basin volcanism has been carried out

recently in collaboration with Japanese colleagues (Shinkai 6500 diving and dredging cruises). Studies of origin of island arc crust will continue also with Shinkai 6500 dives. Recently funded studies of effects of in situ Archeal communities on peridotitic substrates will be carried out at ODP Seafloor Observatory Site 1200. I will be Co-chief Scientist and first user of WHOI HROV in the Mariana Trench (2009). A recently funded study of the evolution and regional variability of forearc mantle will use dredged samples of serpentinized peridotites from the Mariana forearc (analysis to include thermal IR, mineralogy, micro-Raman mapping, EBSD analysis, velocity measurements). I am principal proponent (approached to be Co-chief Scientist) of IODP drilling expedition to Mariana region in 2009 (scheduled/funding permitting).

- Designed new GG course with “Ethics Focus” GG 306 - Natural Hazards: Geoethics and the Layman (for Fall 2008)