michael geraghty · 2016. 4. 3. · •operating theatre •patient rooms •industrial factories...

Michael Geraghty

EN and ISO

performance specification

of

comfort and efficiency

WHAT WE DO

• Design and supply high-quality heating, ventilation and air-conditioning systems.

• Exclusive Irish and UK agent for a number of high-quality multi-national manufacturers.

• Focus on safety, performance, comfort and efficiency.

• Use technical expertise to provide tailored ventilation solutions for all circumstances and to assist consulting engineers with the HVAC aspect of building design.

WHAT WE DO

Building types

• Hospitals• Isolation Rooms• Operating Theatre• Patient rooms

• Industrial factories• Data Centres• Pharmaceutical• Medical Device factories

• High class offices

WHAT WE DO

Product groups

• Fire dampers and fire damper control systems

• Air Handling Units

• Chilled beams and fan coil units

• Draught free air diffusers

• Kitchen Ventilation systems

• Fire and Smoke Ventilation

• Chillers

WHAT WE DO

Controls cable

Z1

Z2

Controller

I/O’s

Fire alarm panel,BMS

Over-ride switches

Limited & difficult Zones

24v Transformer

220v fused spur

220v power supply

Damper actuators

220v fused spur

Controls cable24v Transformer

Damper actuators

Fire damper systems

WHAT WE DO

Controls cable

Z1

Z2

Controller

I/O’s

Fire alarm panel,BMS

Over-ride switches

Limited & difficult Zones

220v power supply

Damper actuators

Controls cable

Damper actuators

24v Transformer

220v fused spur

Fire damper systems

200,000 m2

7,500 rooms3,200 motorised dampers750 Fire damper strategies 1,400 beds in individual rooms185 AHUs

WHAT WE DO

Chilled beams and radiant panels for hospitals

Fully Irish-owned

company

Supporting Irish jobs

•€70m sales

•30% of Fan Coils in

Europe (~160,000),

capacity 1,200/day

•230,000m2/year radiant

panels

•Eurovent-certified

•3 sites, 65,000m2

Radiant Panels, Fan Coils

•Range of suppliers

(Germany, Finland,

Italy) to meet all

needs

•Healthcare (HTM

03-01), industrial

and cleanroom

Air Handling Units

•80% sales high-

precision process

cooling

•€75m turnover

•Eurovent-certified

•20,000 units per

year

Chillers

EN and ISO

performance specification

of

comfort and efficiency

HOW DO WE SPECIFY THE COMFORT LEVEL

REQUIRED?

HOW DO WE SIMULTANEOUSLY MEET OUR

BUDGETARY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY

TARGETS?

HOW DO WE KNOW IF THE AIR IS HEALTHY?

HOW DO WE EXPLAIN GOOD DESIGN TO COST

CONSULTANTS?

INITIAL THOUGHTS

LOW ENERGY

LOW CAPITAL INVESTMENT

LOW MAINTENANCE

SIMPLE SYSTEM AND EASY TO USE

LOCALLY ADJUSTABLE

RADS

AND

NAT VENT

RADS AND NAT VENT

WINDOW OPENING = 100MM

CAPITAL COST (DOUBLE GLAZED?)

LETS THE HEAT OUT

COLD AIR COMES IN

RAD VALVE STAYS OPEN

ROOM OVER HEATS IN COLD WEATHER

DOESN’T COOL THE ROOM IN SUMMER

DOESN’T GUARANTEE AIR QUALITY

LETS IN DUST PARTICLES

LETS IN NOISE (5AM BIRD SONG)

HTM 03-01 +

LOW ENERGY

COMFORTABLE

HEALTHY (LOW VOC)

QUALITY

IN THIS CASE QUALITY IS UNDERSTOOD TO

BE THE OPTIMUM BALANCE BETWEEN:

• CAPITAL INVESTMENT,

• COMFORT (INCLUDING AIR VELOCITY,

TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY),

• HEALTHINESS OF THE BUILDING (IAQ)

• ENERGY EFFICIENCY

MAINTENANCE COSTS

• REDUCTION OF POLLUTANTS (REDUCING

VOCS & REFRIGERANTS)

ISO 7730

EN 15251

EN 15251 AND ISO 7730 EASY TO COMPARE THE QUALITY OF

BUILDINGS AND HVAC SYSTEMS

VERIFIED PERFORMANCE DATA.

INDEPENDENTLY VALIDATED DATA FOR PRODUCTS BECOMES

NECESSARY

(EUROVENT CERTIFICATION FOR: AIR HANDLING UNITS,

CHILLERS, CHILLED BEAMS, FAN COIL UNITS)

POST OCCUPANCY VALIDATION TO GUARANTEE DELIVERY OF

THE SPECIFIED LEVEL OF QUALITY, COMFORT AND

EFFICIENCY.

QUALITY

Performance specification

vs

product description

ISO 7730

EN 15251

Advantages

•Objective, measurable definition of quality and comfort

• Protection for the:

•Investor

•Client

•Design team

•Construction team

•Results in projects that are simultaneously:

•Cost effective

•Comfortable

•Healthy

•Energy efficient

THIS STANDARD IDENTIFIES PARAMETERS TO BE USED

FOR MONITORING AND DISPLAYING OF THE INDOOR

ENVIRONMENT AS RECOMMENDED IN THE EPBD

YEARLY EVALUATION

COMBINED, THESE STANDARDS DESCRIBE WHAT ‘QUALITY’ MEANS IN RELATION TO THE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT.

CLIENTS CAN USE THESE STANDARDS TO DESCRIBE THE QUALITY LEVEL THEY REQUIRE.

THIS STANDARD DESCRIBES COMFORT IN THREE

CATEGORIES A, B, C.

THIS STANDARD DESCRIBES COMFORT IN THREE

CATEGORIES A, B, C.

THIS STANDARD IDENTIFIES PARAMETERS TO BE USED

FOR MONITORING AND DISPLAYING OF THE INDOOR

ENVIRONMENT AS RECOMMENDED IN THE EPBD

YEARLY EVALUATION

THE CLIENT MUST DECIDE WHAT QUALITY LEVEL IS REQUIRED

SUGGEST

CAT B – ISO 7730

CAT I – EN 15251

What is Thermal Comfort?

Why is Thermal Comfort Important?

Productivity

Hygiene

Concentration, errors

Sick building syndrome

Absenteeism

Health & wellbeing

4 Environmental Factors

1. Air temperature (K)

2. Radiant temperature (K)

3. Air velocity (m/s)

4. Humidity (%)

2 Personal Factors:

5. Clothing insulation

(clo or K.m2/W)

6. Metabolic heat

(Met or W/m2)

Radiant temperature

• Measured with black globe thermometer

• Greater influence than Tair

• Poor glazing, internal dark surfaces

• Sources: the sun, fires, hot surfaces,

ovens, radiant panels

Project example

Calibrated instrument

Surface thermocouple

Window surface temperature28.4 deg C

Project example



Light coloured floor (will be cooler than dark colour)

Floor surface temperature29.9 deg C (no under-floor heating!)

Project example



Couch surface temperature41.5 deg C!

How many

Watts / m2

are required?

Result?

Space temperature?

Result?

Space temperature?

22.4 deg C

Air velocity

• Varies over time

• Human sensitivity

• Too low -> stagnant air with odour

• Too high -> draught

Humidity

• Relative Humidity (RH): 40-70% - no major

impact on thermal comfort

• High humidity prevents cooling through

perspiration

Personal Factors:

• Clothing insulation

and metabolic heat

• Variable

• Sample values in ISO

7730

Metabolic Heat

ISO 7730

PMV = Predicted Mean Vote

PPD = Percentage People Dissatisfied

PMV

• Equations developed based on surveys of

occupants in tightly controlled environment

•Enter room characteristics related to 6 factors

•Predicts mean occupant rating of room

•Zero = Thermal neutrality (ideal)

•Decreasing quality at extremes

•First objective means to define quality

PPD

• Percentage people dissatisfied

• Equation to relate PMV to PPD

•Second objective means to

define quality

•ASHRAE 55 requires at least

80% of occupants to be satisfied

ISO 7730 - Draught Rating

ISO 7730 – Vertical air

temperature difference

Percentage

dissatisfied:

ISO 7730

Acceptable thermal environments for comfort:

• 3 categories of environment defined

EN 15251

EN 15251

Humidity

•Small effect on thermal sensation and perceived air quality

•High = microbial growth

•Low = dryness and irritation

•Requirements influence dehumidifying (cooling) load

EN 15251

Room Simulation Software


Noise / sound


Input Room

Geometry


Description


Room Dimension


Occupied zone


Minimum and maximum allowed

temperatures, corresponding RH and heat gain/loss


Air volume, and temperature (or limit to pressure

drop)


Results:Airflow/unit

Airflow/roomAir temperature

Heat gain (W)Noise (dBA)


Results:2D/3D velocity

diagram

Post-occupancy evaluationThermal comfort checklist

Factor Description YES

Air temperature

Does the air feel warm or hot?

Does the temperature in the workplace fluctuate during a normal working day?

Does the temperature in the workplace change a lot during hot or cold seasonal variations?

Radiant temperature Is there a heat source in the environment?

Humidity

Is there any equipment that produces steam?

Is the workplace affected by external weather conditions?

Are your employees wearing PPE that is vapour impermeable?

Do your employees complain that the air is too dry?

Do your employees complain that the air is humid?

Air movementIs cold or warm air blowing directly into the workspace?

Are employees complaining of draught?

Metabolic rateIs work rate moderate to intensive in warm or hot conditions?

Are employees sedentary in cool or cold environments?

PPE

Is PPE being worn that protects against harmful toxins, chemicals, asbestos, flames, extreme heat, etc?

Can employees make individual alterations to their clothing in response to the thermal environment?

Is respiratory protection being worn?

What your employees think Do your employees think that there is a thermal comfort problem?

USE INDEPENDENTLY TESTED

PRODUCTS WHEN POSSIBLE

EUROVENT

EXAMPLE SPEC FOR WARD ROOMS

USE HTM 03-01

ISO 7730 CAT B

EN 15251 CAT 1

Thank you

[email protected]

michael geraghty · 2016. 4. 3. · •operating theatre •patient rooms •industrial factories...

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