AA

SEMINAR SEMINAR

ON ON

“MICROFIBRES” “MICROFIBRES”

BY BY

NAME: MR. SANDEEP T.PATIL. NAME: MR. SANDEEP T.PATIL. CLASS: M.TEXT.-II (T.T.) CLASS: M.TEXT.-II (T.T.) ROLL NO. : 07MTEXT05ROLL NO. : 07MTEXT05

HISTORY OF MICROFIBRES?

• INVENTED IN JAPAN IN 1970 BY OKAMOTO & HIKOTA.

• FURTHER COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN U.S. & SWEDEN.

• SYNTHETICS (POLYESTER / NYLON) ALONE OR MIXED WITH NATURAL FIBRES (COTTON, WOOL, SILK).

• MUCH THINNER THAN HUMAN HAIR & NATURAL FIBRES.

• POSITIVELY-CHARGED TO BETTER PICK UP DUST.

MICROFIBRES

MICROFIBERS ARE FINER THAN NATURAL ONES

MICROFIBERS CAN BE WEAVEDTOGETHER

DEFINITION OF MICROFIBRE:

• Microfiber refers to synthetic fibers that measure less than one denier.• The most common types of microfibers are made from polyesters, polyamides (nylon), and or a conjugation of polyester and polyamide.• Natural microfibers are silk and wool distinguished by their inherent soft handle and

fabric drape.• Limitation of natural microfibre is lack of fibre strength and washability.

• The Polyester council in the U.S. describes a Polyester microfibre as being four times finer than wool, three times finer than cotton and twice as fine as silk.

• The higher the number , thicker the fibre. Coarse fibres - > 6.0 dpf Medium fibres - 2.4 - 6.0 dpf Fine fibres - 1.0 - 2.4 dpf Micro fibres - 0.3 - 1.0 dpf Super micro fibres - < 0.3 dpf

Manufacturers Of Microfibres

Name of company Fibre Type

Name of fibre

D.P.F

Toray (Japan) PET Ecsaine 0.3

Hoechst(Germany) PET Trevira Fineness

0.55

ICI (U.K.) PA Tactel Micro 1.0

Dupont (U.S.A) PA Microfine 0.7

Dupont (U.S.A) PET Matique 0.5

PROPERTIES OF FABRIC MADE OUT OF MICROFIBRE

• Greater bulk.• High cover.• Low bending stiffness.• Excellent softness and drape.• High dimensional stability.• Silky handle and good comfort.• Good water vapour permeability.• Better durability and easy care properties.• Have excellent thermal insulation property.• Good wind resistance and water repellency.

LIMITATIONS OF MICROFIBRES

• Manufacturing is expensive.

• Low depth of shade.

• Lower dye levelness.

• Lower dye fastness to light, dry cleaning.

• Low torsional and flexural rigidity.

MANUFACTURING:

Basic Requirement For Production:

• High quality polymer of homogeneous melt.

• Optimum heat flow to the spinneret.• No impurities – Efficient polymer filtration.• Tension control - Constant take-up

tension.• Uniform quench air velocity with less

turbulence.

Three Principle Techniques

(1) Conjugate Technology: Involves Spinning Of Bi-component filaments comprising of nylon-6 matrix with polyesters fibrillers. Later exposed to solvent or mechanical or thermal treatment to separate one of the component, resulting in microfibres.

(2) Sea-Island Technology : Developed by Toray industries of Japan, involves spinning of bi-component filament comprises either individual ‘Island’ of one component within a ‘Sea’ of other component. So sheath component is dissolved later on producing microfibres.

(3) Conventional Technology : Single component filaments are extruded through spinnerets, using conventional melt spinning technology.

Sheath-core Type:

Modification Needed In Weaving:In Preparatory: • Reduced size bath Concentration.• Fast Cooling. In Weaving:• Low Surface hardness of drop wires,

healds.• Reed wires with rounded edges.• Temple – similar to used for silk fabric

weaving, rubber & plastic rings .• Weft accumulator with circular leaf and

brush tensioner.

APPLICATIONS Functional Uses:

• Clothing: For athletic wear such as cyclic jerseys. In military And federal agency in U.S.

• For active sports wear, rainwear owing to high breathability, moisture transport and water proofness.

• Insulation: In sleeping bags and outdoor application.

• Basketballs: Absorb sweat from player’s hand less slippery.

• Clothing for dresses, tailored suits,hosiery, evening wear,sheeting, upholstery etc.

• Cleaning: For consumer cleaning and commercial product cleaning. Exceptional ability to absorb oil and dust. Dust attraction electrostatic property.

Principle Of Action: Cross Section of microfibre and cotton thread:

Tools Cleaning:

Photographic lens and other precision tools includes car mirror, computers, electro-optic devices, panels of video/ audio devices, optical discs, jewels etc.

• Other textile uses: Table cloths, car interiors, swimming pool towels for quick drying.

Benefits from the use of Microfiber cleaning products

• Microfiber is hypoallergenic, thus will not create problems for asthmatics or allergy sufferers .

• Microfiber is super absorbent. Absorbing over 7 times its weight in water. Microfibre Towels dry in one third of the time ordinary towels take to dry.

• Microfiber cleaning cloths will clean virtually any soiling from any surface. They are longer lasting than other cleaning products and contain more fibres per square inch.

• Microfiber cloths and mops are 99.94% more effective in removing bacteria from smooth surfaces.. The bacterial culture taken after the microfiber mop cleaning showed a 99% reduction .

Choose your microfibre cloth

Microfiber Super Soft General Purpose Cleaning Cloth

Microfiber CD & LensCleaning Cleaning Cloth

Microfiber Glass & Mirror Cleaning Cloth

Microfiber Super Soft General Purpose Cleaning Cloth

Main products for which microfiber are ideally suited: 

• Microfiber Glass Cloth • Duster/Multi-purpose Microfiber Cleaning

Cloth • Microfiber Scrubber • Microfiber Kitchen Cloth • Microfiber Optical & CD Cloth • Microfiber Mops • Microfiber Cleaning Sponge • Microfiber Cleaning Cloths – Terry Cloths,

Suede Cloths, Waffle-Weave Cloths

Economics of Microfibres Processing:

• Price is 5 -10 % higher than normal fibre.

• 0.8 den. PET is 8% costlier than 1 den PET.

• Yarn price is 4% higher.

• Conversion cost of fibre to yarn reduces

due to increased production per spindle at

ring frame and roving frame owing to twist

reduction by 5 -10%.

• Fabric fetch more price due to specialised

nature and properties.

CONCLUSION Synthetic fibers, especially the micro denier

development has made a big way for sophisticated textiles, apparels and allied applications. Micro denier yarns have wider horizon of application. These fibres have varied simulations of natural fibres, especially silk.

Microfibres have shown to be advantageous when drapability, smoothness, water vapour permeabilty are needed. These benefits lead to growing market potential in areas as apparel, sports wear, filter media.

REFERENCES

• Micro polyester fibres for moisture management

- Dr. T. Ramchandran, M.B. Sampath and M. Senthilkumar, Indian Textile Journal, March 2009.

• Scope of microfilament yarns and fabrics in future,

A.N. Bhonkar and D.S. Kulkarni, Asian Textile Journal, April 2000.

• Micro fibres properties,processing and uses, Asian Textile Journal,April 2001. Man Made Textile In India june 1993.

• Microfibres: giving New Dimensions To The Whole Range Of Textiles. – S.K. Malik and Hemlata Nigam.

• Micro denier yarns –K. L. Vidur. New Cloth Market September 1997.