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Grade 7 Science Notebook Unit 3 - Earth’s Interior Systems

Instructions for using this science notebook:

Use this science notebook as a study guide. You may print this notebook or simply fill it in and save it on your computer. You can turn in the study guide from units 1, 2, 3 or 4 in place of the unit 4 portfolio. Check off the activities as you finish them. This is not

required, rather a tool to help you study.

Mrs Dunsmoor

Science 7BUnit 3 – Earth’s Interior Systems

Unit Objectives—Here is what you should know and be able to do at the end of this unit:

Describe the properties of minerals Explain the processes involved in the rock cycle. Investigate and describe the three major types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and

metamorphic Explain and describe the theory of plate tectonics and drifting continents Describe how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur Analyze and interpret data sets that set the location and frequency of

natural hazards like earthquakes and tsunamis

Unit Lessons:

Lesson 1: Properties of Minerals Lesson 2: Classifying Rocks Lesson 3: The Rock Cycle Lesson 4: Drifting Continents Lesson 5: Sea-Floor Spreading Lesson 6: Plate TectonicsLesson 7: Earth’s Cycling of Matter Lesson 8: EarthquakesLesson 9: VolcanoesLesson 10: Earth’s Interior Systems Unit Review Lesson 11: Earth’s Interior Systems Unit Test

Lesson 1 Properties of Minerals

Inquire 1 of 6

Objectives

- Define and identify several types of minerals- Describe the chemical and physical properties of minerals- Explain how minerals form and where mineral resources are located

Key words – “Look closely at these terms. As you go through the unit, put the term’s definition next to term.”

- Cleavage-- Crystallization-- Fracture-- Gems-- Inorganic-- Luster-- Mohs hardness scale-- Streak-

Explore 2 of 6

How Are Minerals Identified?

Read the information on the slide, watch the video using the link, and answer the questions below:

1. What do all minerals have in common?

2. What are examples of properties that help identify minerals?

Explore 3 of 6

Properties of Minerals

Fill in some of the definitions of the lesson’s key words above while reading this slide.

Do the Brain-Pop Activity

Communicate, Collaborate, Connect 4 of 6

Follow the directions on the slide. Use the video to answer the questions below:

1. What determines the shape of crystals?

2. Explain how minerals get their rich color.

To review the concepts in the lesson before you take your assessment:

Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: Properties of Minerals.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Properties of Minerals Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6

Take the assessment.

Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further explore the lesson using the interactive links.

BIG QUESTIONS- Why are minerals important in today’s society? What do we use them for?

Lesson 2 Classifying Rocks

Inquire 1 of 6

How Are Rocks Formed?

Click the video clip and answer the questions below:

1. In your own words, describe one way in which rocks formed on Mount Moran.

2. If you were climbing Mount Moran, how might you be able to tell one rock from another?

Objectives

- Explain the characteristics that are used to identify rocks- Describe and classify the three major groups of rocks: igneous rock, sedimentary rock, and metamorphic

rock


- Grain-- Igneous Rock-- Metamorphic Rock-- Rock-forming Mineral-- Sedimentary Rock-- Texture-

Explore 2 of 6

Characteristics of Rocks


Click the Key Concept Summary and take notes on the information in the space below:

How Do Geologists Classify Rocks?

Explore 3 of 6

Major Types of Rocks

Fill in some of the definitions of lesson’s key words above while reading this slide.

Do the Brain-Pop Activity


Follow the directions on the slide. Use the “Rock Classification” Gizmo to answer questions on a sheet provided by the link, “Review and Reinforce: Classifying Rocks.” You do not need to turn this in.

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Classifying Rocks Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6


Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further explore the lesson using the interactive links on” Mount Rushmore: Geologic Forces” and “Compounds and Mixtures.”

Answer the questions:

1. What are the two main types of rocks at Mount Rushmore?

2. Explain the creation of the current physical features of Mount Rushmore in relation to the rock types found in the mountain.

BIG QUESTIONS- What does the type of rock tell you about the history of that given area?

Lesson 3 The Rock Cycle

Inquire 1 of 6

What is the Rock Cycle?

Read the slide. Then answer the following question using the link “My Planet Diary: Fun Fact”:

How could small pieces of the Himalayas form new rock?

Objective

- Explain the rock cycle


- Erosion-- Heat-- Melting-- Pressure-- Rock Cycle-- Weathering-

Explore 2 of 6

How Are Minerals Identified?

Read the information on the slide. Click the “Key Concept” link, and answer the questions in the Rock Cycle Graphic Organizer below:

Definition of Rock Cycle Factors that Affect the Rock Cycle

An Example that Illustrates the Rock Cycle

Nonexample of the Rock Cycle

Click on “Rock Cycle Answers” to check your answers

Then click on the “Rock Cycle” BrainPOP link to answer the following questions:

1. How can igneous and metamorphic rocks become sedimentary?

2. How can sedimentary and igneous rocks become metamorphic?

3. How can metamorphic and sedimentary rocks become igneous?

Click on the Show Answer button to check your answers.

Explore 3 of 6

Conservation of Material in the Rock Cycle

Read the slide and use the link “Rockin’ Cycle” to answer the questions below:

1. What happens to the mineral structure of rocks when they are exposed at Earth’s surface?

2. Based on the passage, explain one way that the rock cycle can illustrate the principle of conservation of matter.

Click on the Show Answer button to check your answers.


Click “The Rock Cycle Diagram” link to explore the interactive animations of the rock cycle.

Click “The Rock Cycle Diagram Quiz” to test yourself on your knowledge.

Use the “Interactive Art: Rock Cycle” link to draw the rock cycle in the box below:


Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: The Rock Cycle.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: The Rock Cycle Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6


Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further explore the lesson using the interactive links.

“Rock Cycle” Gizmo is another activity to help you review.

Finish these sentences in the space below and share with your Learning Coach:

1. In today’s lesson about the rock cycle, I have learned….

2. Questions that I still have about the rock cycle are…….

BIG QUESTION- Why would you say that the rock cycle is similar to recycling?

Lesson 4

Inquire 1 of 6

Moving Continents

Drifting Continents

Read the paragraph on the left while analyzing the picture to the right. Answer the question below:

1. What evidence supports continental drift?

Click on the link “My Planet Diary: Voices from History” to explore your thoughts on the theory of continental drift. YOU DO NOT NEED TO COMPLETE THE PLANET DIARY WORKSHEET

Objectives

- Explain the theory of continental drift- Explain the evidence of continental drift


- Continental Drift-- Fossil-- Pangea-

Explore 2 of 6

What is the Theory of Continental Drift?

Read the information on the slide, click the “Key Concept Summary”, and answer the question below:

1. What types of evidence did Wegener use to support his theory?

Click on the “Show Answer” button to check your answer.

Explore 3 of 6

Evidence of Continental Drift


Complete the “Building Pangaea” Gizmo to practice concepts from today’s lesson. After you take the assessment in the link, click the box that says check your answers to see how you did.


Click the link “Namib Desert, Namibia: The World’s Most Ancient Desert” and answer the question below:

1. Explain the evidence found in both Argentina and Namibia that support Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift.

Click the “Show Answer” button to check your answer.


Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: Drifting Continents.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Drifting Continents Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6


Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further enrich the lesson using and completing what are in the activity links.

BIG QUESTIONS- Do you believe that we have enough evidence to say the continents have drifted? Why or why not?

Lesson 5 Sea Floor Spreading

Inquire 1 of 6

The Sea Floor

Read the paragraph on the left while analyzing the picture to the right.

Objectives

- Define and describe mid-ocean ridges- Explain the theory of sea-floor spreading- Describe deep-ocean trenches and the process of subduction


- Deep-ocean trench-- Mid-ocean ridge-- Sea Floor-- Sea-floor spreading-- Subduction-

Explore 2 of 6

What Are Mid-Ocean Ridges?

Read the information on the slide carefully, click the link “Sea Floor is Spreading”, and take notes on Hess’s discoveries about sea-floor spreading below:

Compare your notes to what appears after you click the “Show Answer” button to see if you got the important information.

Click on the link “Key Concept 1” and describe the characteristics of mid-ocean ridges below:

Explore 3 of 6

Spreading of the Sea Floor

Fill in some of the definitions of the lesson’s key words above (inquire section) while reading this slide.

Explore the link “Key Concept 2” and fill in the table below.

Explore the link “Key Concept 3” and fill in the table below

Word Definition Picture/Drawing Reminds me of…

Sea-floor spreading

Mid-ocean ridge

Deep-ocean trench

Subduction

Click the link “Sea-Floor Spreading Answers” to check your answers.


Click the link “Apply It! Deep-Ocean Trenches” and answer the questions below:

1. Infer: At the Pacific Ocean’s deep-ocean trenches, oceanic crust is .2. Develop Hypothesis: The Pacific Ocean is shrinking. Explain this fact in terms of Subduction at deep-ocean

trenches and spreading at mid-ocean ridges.

Click the “Show Answer” button to check your answers.


Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: Sea-Floor Spreading.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Sea-Floor Spreading Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6


Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further enrich the lesson by clicking the link “Animal Gallery.” Record the names of 5 animals and sketch them. You do not need to turn this in.

BIG QUESTIONS- Why is it important to know that our Earth’s features are changing?

Lesson 6

Inquire 1 of 6

What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics?

Click on the link “Diving Toward Divergence” and us the video to answer the questions below:

1. What force drives the movement of plates in the mantle?

2. What are the three types of plate boundaries?


Plate Tectonics - 2 Days

Objectives

- Explain the theory of plate tectonics- Describe the three types of plate boundaries


- Convergent Boundary-- Divergent Boundary-- Tectonic Plates-- Theory of Plate Tectonics- Transform Boundary-

Explore 2 of 6

What is the Theory of Plate Tectonics?

Read the information on the slide and fill in the necessary definitions to the key words above.

Answer the questions below using the movie link “Discovering Plate Tectonics: Changes in the Earth’s Surface”

1. What causes Earth’s plates to move continuously?

2. What happens at the mid-ocean ridge?


Explore 3 of 6

Plate Boundaries


Click the link “Boundaries Between Tectonic Plates” and take notes on the 3 types of plate boundaries below:

Click the “Show answer” button to see if you got everything.

Enjoy the experiment provided by the links “Inquiry Warm-up: Plate Interaction” and “After the Inquiry Warm-up: The Theory of Plate Tectonics.” Have your modeling clay ready! The answers are provided.


Complete the “Plate Tectonics” Gizmo activity

Complete the “Plate Tectonics” BrainPOP activity


Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: Plate Tectonics.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Plate Tectonics Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6


Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further enrich the lesson using and completing the “Enrich: The Theory of PlateTectonics” sheet. It takes a look at the Earth’s magnetic field.

Then click the “Enrich: The Theory of Plate Tectonics Answer Key” to see how you did.

BIG QUESTIONS- What will our earth look like millions of years from now?

Lesson 7 Earth’s Cycling Matter – 2 Days

Inquire 1 of 6

How is Heat Transferred?

Read the slide and then click on the link “My Planet: Diary” and us the video to answer the questions below:

3. How is flowing rock different from flowing water?

4. How does heat affect rocks in the mantle?


Objectives

- Explain how heat is transferred- Explain how cycling of matter occurs in the mantle- Describe convection currents in the mantle


- Conduction-- Convection-- Convection currents-

- Heat transfer- Radiation

Explore 2 of 6

How is Heat Transferred Through Earth’s Surface and Interior?


Click the movie link “Heat Transmission: Conduction, Convection, and Radiation” and describe the three types of heat transfer below:

Conduction -

Convection -

Radiation -

Click on the “Show Answer” button to check your answers.

Explore 3 of 6

Convection in Earth’s Mantle

Read through the slide and then use the link “Plates Moving Due to Convection in Mantle” to answer the question below:

1. What causes Earth’s plates to move


Use the link “Key Concept 2” to help answer the questions below:

1. Which three processes or forces combine to set convection currents in motion?

2. Where does the convection current in the mantle obtain its heat energy?

Click the “Show answer” button to see if you got everything.


Using the link “Pre Lab Investigation: Modeling Mantle Convection Currents,”answer the questions below:

1. Read the procedure for this investigation. What will you be using to model the rock that moves like a fluid in the mantle?

2. What will you be predicting in this investigation?

Using the link “Pre Lab Investigation: Modeling Mantle Convection Currents Answer Key” check your answers.

Click the link “Directed Inquiry: Modeling Mantle Convection Currents” to complete the lab activity provided by the link. You do not need to turn this in.

It might be best to print the lab and keep it in your notebook.

Once finished, use the answer key provided for comparison to your answers.


Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: Convection and the Mantle.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Convection and the Mantle Answer Key.”

Evaluate 5 of 6


Link 6 of 6

Review your assessment and further enrich the lesson using the “Hot Spot Theories” link to answer the questions below:

1. What are the two theories that explain the Yellowstone hot spot?

2. At what rate does the North American Plate move to the southwest each year?

Then click the “Show Answer” button to see how you did.

BIG QUESTIONS- What are the three types of heat transfer? How does convection cause matter to cycle between Earth’s surface and deep mantle?

Lesson 8 Earthquakes – 2 Days

Inquire 1 of 7

What Causes Earthquakes?

Read the text on the left while analyzing the picture on the right.

Use the link “Why Quakes Shake,” to help you answer this question:

1. What causes earthquakes?

Objectives

- Explain the causes of earthquakes- Explain how scientists locate the epicenter of an earthquake- Describe how seismic waves travel through Earth and explain how seismographs work


- Earthquake-- Epicenter-- Fault-- Focus-- Lithosphere-- Magnitude-- Primary wave (P wave)-- Secondary wave (S wave)-- Seismic stations-- Seismogram-- Seismograph-- Surface Wave-

Explore 2 of 7

Earthquakes and Seismic Waves


Use the link “Earthquakes” along with the information on the slide to answer the questions below:

1. Where do most earthquakes occur?

2. What do you call a scientist who studies earthquakes?

3. How do scientists determine the strength of an earthquake?


Explore 3 of 7

How Do Geologists Monitor Earthquakes?


Use the link “Key Concept 1” to answer the questions below:

1. How do seismographs work?

2. What do the relatively straight, flat portions of the seismogram represent?


Use the link “Key Concept 3” to answer the question below:

1. How many seismograph stations are used in order to locate an epicenter?


Use the link “Key Concept 2” to answer the question below:

1. Why do earthquakes occur more often in some places than others.



Use the link “Smithsonian Institution: Understanding the Japan Earthquake” to answer the question below:

1. What caused the difference in the magnitudes of earthquake in Japan vs. the earthquake in Haiti?


Use the link “Interactive Art: Earthquake Engineering” to answer the questions below:

1. Explain in your own words how the seismic base isolator helps prevent damage to buildings during an earthquake.

2. When you hit the ground after jumping, your knees are slightly bent instead of being straight. Explain how this compares to using flexible materials in buildings that may be hit by an earthquake.



Print and fill out the sheet provided by the link “Review and Reinforce: Earthquakes and Seismic Waves.”

See if your answers are correct using the “Review and Reinforce: Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Answer Key.”

Portfolio: Earthquakes 5 of 7

Follow the directions on how to complete your tri-fold brochure. Get creative! Don’t forget to save it on your computer! You can also check my Weebly page https://nca-mdunsmoor.weebly.com/for other options which include a powerpoint or compare and contrast worksheet.

Poertfolio: Earthquakes 6 of 7

Place your saved document in the Drop Box.

Link 7 of 7

Further explore earthquakes using the interactive links.

Feel free to print and complete the “Enrich: Earthquakes and Seismic Waves” link worksheet.You do not

have to turn this in. Check your answers by clicking the “Enrich: Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Answer

Key.” BIG QUESTIONS- When will the next earthquake occur near you?

Lesson 9 Volcanoes

Inquire 1 of 6

Why Do Volcanoes Erupt?

Read the paragraph on the left while analyzing the picture to the right.

Click the link “Why Some Volcanoes Explode” and watch to answer the question below:

1. Why do some volcanoes erupt?

Objectives

- Describe how volcanoes form- Explain what happens when a volcano erupts- Describe the stages of volcanic activity


- Dormant- Extinct- Hot Spot- Island Arc- Volcano

Explore 2 of 6

How Do Volcanoes Form?


Use the movie link “Volcanoes” to answer the question below:

1. What is the Pacific Ring of Fire

2. How do hot spot volcanoes form?


Click the link “Key Concept Summary” to answer the questions below:

1. Can volcanoes form under water?

2. What is an island arc?


Explore 3 of 6

Volcanic Eruptions

Read through the slide and use the link “Key Concept 1” to answer the following questions:

1. What is happening when a volcano erupts?

2. What are the two types of volcanic eruptions?


Use the link “Key Concept 2” to answer the task below:

1. Explain the three stages in the life cycle of a volcano.




Print out and complete the worksheets provided by the listed links. There are answer key links that follow each worksheet.

Evaluate 5 of 6

The discussion has been dropped.

Click the link “Mount Vesuvius and answer the following question:

1. Why do scientists continue to study Mount Vesuvius?

BIG QUESTIONS- Is it possible that our continent could have a new volcano form in it?

Lesson 10 Earth’s Interior Systems Unit Review – 2 Days

As you click through this review, utilize all of the quiz links and make sure you check your answers with the answer links. Feel free to look back through this notebook to look over all of the unit’s topics.

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