microturbine
DESCRIPTION
Informative presentation on microturbine.TRANSCRIPT
1
MICROTURBINEPRESENTED BY-
ISTIAK AHMED TUHAM (112411)
SYED RAIHAN HOSSAIN (112421)
MD. ABRAR AMIN (112423)
2Introduction MicroTurbines are new type of
combustion turbine used for stationary energy generation.
The concept is evolved from automotive and truck turbochargers, auxiliary power units (APU) for airplanes.
Approximately the size of a refrigerator with outputs of 25 kW to 500 kW.
They provide not only electricity , but also the thermal energy to provide for all heating and cooling needs
3
MicroTurbine producing power, as well as heat
Click icon to add picture
4Microturbine Overview
Commercially Available Yes (Limited)
Size Range 25-500 kW
Fuel Natural gas, hydrogen, propane, diesel
Efficiency 20-30% (Recuperated)
Environmental Low (<9-50 ppm) NOx
Other Features Cogeneration (50-80°C water)
Commercial Status Small volume production, commercial prototypes now.
(Courtesy of California Distributed Energy Resources Guide on Microturbines)
5Components of Microturbine
Turbo CompressorCombustorGeneratorRecuperator (Internal Heat Exchanger)Turbine Power Electronics (Rectifier & Inverter)
6Combined Heat & Power (CHP) Diagram
7Working Principle Microturbines are small gas turbines, most of which feature an
internal heat exchanger called a recuperator. In a microturbine, a radial flow (centrifugal) compressor
compresses the inlet air that is then preheated in the recuperator using heat from the turbine exhaust.
Next, the heated air from the recuperator mixes with fuel in the combustor and hot combustion gas expands through the expansion and power turbines. The expansion turbine turns the compressor and, in single-shaft models, turns the generator as well.
Finally, the recuperator uses the exhaust of the power turbine to preheat the air from the compressor.
Single-shaft models generally operate at speeds over 60,000 revolutions per minute (rpm) and the permanent magnet generator generates electrical power of high frequency, and of variable frequency (alternating current --AC). This power is rectified to direct current (DC) and then inverted to 50/60 Hz for commercial use.
8
How a Microturbine works
Turbine rotates the generator at high RPM which produces electricity of high frequency
9Types of Microturbine
Unrecuperated Microturbine (Simple cycle)
Recuperated Microturbine
10Recuperated Microturbine
11Comparision
Unrecuperated Compressed air is mixed
with fuel and burned under constant pressure conditions.
Efficiency 15%.
Recuperated A sheet metal heat
exchanger (recuperator) recovers temperature of the air stream supplied to the combustor.
Efficiency 20~30%.
12Distributed Energy Generation
Energy produced in thermal and hydro electric power plants is distributed to the users through network of line (transmission & distribution) called the power grid.
Any technology of getting electric energy other than power grid, directly at the distribution level, is called Distributed Energy Generation.
In IUT, when load-shedding occurs, IUT generator serves as distributed energy source.
Example: Microturbine, Diesel Generator (Backup generator), Solar Panel etc.
13Advantages of Distributed Generation
The losses during power transmission are eliminated.
The combined heat and power (CHP) technology can be applied.
Low emission and operating cost.
High efficiency.
14Advantages of Microturbine Small number of moving parts Compact size Lightweight Good efficiencies in cogeneration Low emission Can utilize waste fuels Long maintenance interval No vibration Less noise than reciprocating engines
15Economics
16Microturbine Manufacturers
Bowman power systemsCapstone Turbine CooperationElliott energy systemsTurbec AB Ingersoll-Rand Company
17
THANK YOU !