middle east case study: reclamation and …...khalifa port facts • multi‐purpose maritime...

14
James DentonBrown Industrial & Ports Practice Leader Bechtel CivilSan Francisco 1 Khalifa Port and Khalifa Industrial ZoneAbu Dhabi Middle East Case Study: Dredging, Reclamation and Environmental Protection

Upload: others

Post on 12-Jul-2020

1 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

James Denton‐BrownIndustrial & Ports Practice Leader

Bechtel Civil‐San Francisco

1

Khalifa Port and Khalifa Industrial Zone‐Abu Dhabi

Middle East Case Study:Dredging, Reclamation and Environmental Protection

Page 2: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Khalifa Port and Khalifa Industrial Zone-Abu Dhabi (KIZAD)

• Khalifa Port and its Khalifa Industrial Zone Abu Dhabi  are situated halfway between Abu Dhabi and Dubai on and off the coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Arabian Gulf.  The container terminal of the Port saw commercial operations commence on September 1st, 2012.  

2

Page 3: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Project Location

3

Dubai

Khalifa Port

Abu Dhabi

Jebel Ali Port

Khalifa Port is located in the United Arab Emirates on the southern shore of the Arabian Gulf and is about 40 kilometers away from the Port of Jebel Ali

Page 4: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Khalifa Port Facts• Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore• Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi City• Offshore port area approx. 3.0 square km• 50 square km industrial zone• Gateway

– Import cargo into Abu Dhabi– Export Industrial zone goods– KIZAD destination port

• Phase 1A throughput– 2.5 million  container TEUs– 12 million tonnes of general cargo– Separate terminal serving EMAL, 

the largest aluminum smelter in the Middle East

4

Page 5: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Reclamation, dredging & construction• Port island platform made from reclaimed seabed material

• Rock revetments and breakwaters protect outer perimeter of port island

• Dredging– 45 million cubic meters

– Port basin• 16 m deep

– Approach channel• 250 m wide

• 16.5 m deep

• 12 km long

5

Photo source Archirodon – all rights reserved

Page 6: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Reclamation, dredging & construction (cont.)

• Access to port island

– 3.2 km causeway including a 1km long highway bridge

– 3.5 km causeway/trestle consisting of 1.7 km causeway and 1.6 km trestle bridge

– 800 m long terminal for Emirates Aluminum

6

Page 7: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Modeling of port construction & impacts• Hydrodynamic modeling 

established that– Construction impacts could be 

substantially reduced by locating the port island further offshore

– Providing a 1 km‐long bridge in port access causeway increased long‐shore current flow

– A 8 km‐long breakwater was introduced to protect the environmentally sensitive area from the effects of construction and port operations

• These features– Ensured the marine 

environment was properly protected in accordance with national environmental policy

7

Page 8: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Marine environmental setting of the port• Ras Ghanadah coral reef located less than 2 km east of project 

area

• Area is the largest and most pristine stretch of coral in Gulf

• Seagrass fields are located near project site

8

Ras Ghanada Headland – Coral Reef and Sea Grasses

Page 9: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Marine environmental setting of the port• Ras Ghanadah coral and seagrass areas provide critical habitat 

for many forms of marine life– Dugong

– Green turtle

– Indo‐Pacific Humpbacked Dolphin

– Fish species

9

Page 10: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Environmental issues of highest concern

Abu Dhabi Ports Company required a sustainable design & construction programme that supported its commitment to preserve the critical coral reef habitat & scarce Middle East resources.  

All work subject to review & permitting by the Environmental Agency Abu Dhabi (EAD).

10

Page 11: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

The Environmental Response• Bechtel worked with consultants to develop a 4 phase design and 

execution strategy which– Optioneered the engineering design – the port footprint was moved 

4.5 km offshore to avoid the coral habitat – Developed exemplar environmental controls for the construction 

phase – environmental breakwater– Procured a programme of seawater turbidity monitoring from 

dredging contractors– Contracted coral reef “health checks” as proof for regulators and 

stakeholders.

11

Page 12: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Environmental Breakwater• Built as first element of construction

– To protect the Ras Ghanadah          coral colonies in Gulf

– Act as a barrier for dredging fines and turbidity

• Breakwater– 8 km environmental breakwater 

– 1 km causeway bridge allowing current to circulate to the reef

12

Page 13: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Marine environmental monitoring program• February 2008 – September 2010 by 

Hydronamic/Boskalis• Monitored impact of construction on 

water quality– Comply with water quality standards– Sedimentation restrictions

• Monitoring activities focused on– Continuous real‐time turbidity 

measurements– Daily mobile measurements of 

turbidity– Daily synoptic measurements of 

turbidity– Three surveys per year of the coral 

reef area

• Wave, current, tide and weather stations measured hydrodynamic and meteorological background conditions

13

Dense Coral

Environmental Breakwater

Port Island

Page 14: Middle East Case Study: Reclamation and …...Khalifa Port Facts • Multi‐purpose maritime facility located 5 km offshore • Replaces the existing port in the center of Abu Dhabi

Environmental AwardsAbu Dhabi Ports Company

(ADPC) and the project won: 

• Seatrade Middle East Environmental Protection award 2010

• Lloyds Middle East Environmental Protection award 2011

• International Bulk Journal Environmental Protection award 2011

14