MIDDLE EAST CIVILIZATIONS

SUMERIANS FOUND IN THE REGION OF MESOPOTAMIA

RULED FROM 3500-1900 b.c.

BEGAN CULTIVATED AGRICULTURE

WRITING —WEDGE SHAPES ON CLAY

CUNEIFORM

BABYLON LOCATED IN THE FERTILE CRESCENT

FROM 1900 B.C. TO 500 B.C.

SERIES OF EMPIRES

FAMOUS RULER--HAMMURABI

CODE OF HAMMURABI

CODE OF HAMMURABI► the code was not applied equally

► BASED ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF AN EYE FOR AN EYE

► if a man has stolen a child, he shall be put to death

►If a man has committed highway robbery and has been caught, that man shall be put to death

► if a son has struck his father, his hands shall be cut off

► if a man has knocked out the eye of a patrician, his eye shall be knocked out

► if he has broken the limb of a patrician, his limb shall be broken

if a man has knocked out the eye of a plebeian or has broken the limb of a plebeian, he shall pay one mina of silver (about $100)

if he has knocked out the eye of a patrician’s servant, or broken the limb of a patrician’s servant, he shall pay half his value

if a patrician has knocked out the tooth of a man that is his equal, his tooth shall be knocked out

if he has knocked out the tooth of a plebeian, he shall pay one-third of a mina of silver (about $33)

Why were their laws so strict on punishment this code covered all aspects of society, from crime, to

farming, to regulation of prices and wages

CHALDEANS 7TH CENTURY B.C.

KING NEBUCHADNEZZAR

STUDIED ASTRONOMY 7-DAY WEEK CALENDER PREDICTED ECLIPSES

7 WONDERS OF ANCIENT WORLD

HANGING GARDENS

PHOENICIANS

¤ 16TH CENTURY B.C. TO 6TH CENTURY B.C.

¤ WESTERN BORDER OF FERTILE CRESCENT

¤ SEAFARERS¤ MAY HAVE SAILED TO THE

AMERICAS

¤ CREATED AN ALPHABET BASED ON SOUNDS

¤ OUR LANGUAGE IS BASED ON THIS

EGYPTIANS ESTABLISHED AROUND NILE RIVER

FIRST SETTLERS AROUND 5000 B.C.

RULED BY PHARAOHS CONSIDERED GODS MARRIED WITHIN FAMILY BUILD PYRAMIDS TO HOUSE

BODY OF PHARAOH MUMMIFIED BODY—WHY? HOUSE SPIRIT OF PHARAOH

ROMANS OVERTHREW THEM AROUND 300 B.C.

ROMANS EXPIRE STRETCHED FROM THE BRITISH ISLES TO AFRICA AND ASIA

ARRIVED IN REGION DURING 4TH CENTURY B.C.

THE DIASPORA

MASADA—74 A.D.SCATTERING OF THE JEWS

MUSLEMS

EXPANDED QUICKLY BECAUSE QURAN FORBID KILLING OF OTHER MUSLEMS

TURKS ARRIVE IN ANATOLIA IN 11TH CENTURY

SELJUK TURKS BEGAN THE CRUSADES IN 11TH CENTURY A.D.

OTTOMAN TURKS RULED UNTIL WORLD WAR I

AFTER WORLD WAR I FRANCE, BRITAIN, AND ITALY CONTROLLED THE REGION

•CONSTANTINOPLE

BIRTH OF RELIGION† 3 GREAT RELIGIONS HAD THEIR BIRTH IN THE MIDDLE EAST

† JUDAISM† FOUNDER—ABRAHAM† PROPHET—MOSES

† LED ISRAELITES OUT OF EGYPT† RECEIVED 10 COMMANDENTS ON MT. SINAI† TURNED AGAINST JESUS –WHY?

† CHRISTIANITY† FOUNDER—JESUS CHRIST† CRUCIFIED BY THE ROMANS† GREAT MISSIONARY—SAUL

† ISLAM† WATCH VIDEO