New Civilizations

Chapters 2 and 3Eastern & Western Hemispheres

The Mediterranean & Middle East Regions

Nubia

• Located: ________________________• Grew out of Egypt’s desire for this

Nubian natural resource? ___________• Nubian __________ was greatly

influenced and even molded by Egypt.• Nubian queens gained great power, an

effect from this region? ______________.

• The capital city was ____________.

Map of Nubia

Celtic Europe

• Celts originated from __________ Europe.• Celts were depicted by the Romans and

Greeks as _______-like people.• Celts built impressive _____ ______

or palaces for assembly.• The Celts religious experts were known as

______________.• Pushed to Western Europe due to the

expansion of the _________ Empire.

The Olmec & Chavin People

• Olmecs were ruled by _______, who were depicted by giant ______.

• Olmec ______ controlled their spiritual world.

• The Chavin heavily relied on ______ for their economy.

• Domesticated _________ helped to transport goods between regions.

• Both group’s agriculture and technology led to the beginning of city growth, which is known as _________.

Cosmopolitan Middle East

• By 1500 B.C.E. Mesopotamia was split into a _________ zone to the South and __________ to the North.

• From 1700-1200 B.C.E. the ________ were a formidable power. There strength came from being the first to utilize weapons made of _______.

New Kingdom Egypt

• After removing _______ control over Egypt, the era of the New Kingdom began.

• Egypt moved away from their traditional __________ policy and started to extend control over neighboring regions.

• Egypt’s aggressive policy rewarded them with riches in the area of _________.

The Aegean World

• Minoans• Located on the island of

_______.• Traded all throughout the

_____________ Sea region.

• Mycenaeans• Quickly rose to power

from the _______ that was set up by the Minoans.

• Developed a syllabic system of writing known as _______ _.

• Homer’s epic poems portray the Mycenaeans in their victory over ____.

Assyrians

• Known as savage ___-like people.• Powerful kings hailed the God ______ as

the center of governmental and religious life.

• Had little __________ control which led to many reconquests of territory.

• While an elite class grew very rich, the Assyrians kept writings at the ________ of __________ in _________.

Israel

• Israelites were first known as __________ pastoralists before settling in __________.

• Uniting together the Israelites made _____________ their capital city.

• Urbanization and corruption ________ the Israelite society.

• _________ and __________ conquests led to a __________ amongst Israelites.

Phoenicia & The Mediterranean

• The Phoenicians • The descendants of the

ancient inhabitants of Syria, Lebanon, and Israel.

• Deeply involved in _____. They also invented the first ___________ writing system.

• Known as the ________ of _______________.

• Carthage• Had a powerful _____,

which led to a ______ monopoly in the western Mediterranean.

• Described as war-like and different by Greeks and Romans, elites would go as far as to sacrifice __________ in times of crisis.