military jet & missiles engineering: se-vee in our daily...

1 | RUAG Aviation | 04.07.2012For personal use only / no further distribution

Military Jet & Missiles Engineering:SE-Vee in our daily business

KOR-RAFJS2012-0030

Event 4. July 2012 @ RUAG Aviation


General

Release statement :The following information is released to public with the condition that itwill not be used for other than for private purposes.

Property rights and distribution statement :The content of this document is property of RUAG and cannot be used other than for personal use or further distributedwithout approval of RUAG.


Content

1. Introduction RUAG Aviation2. History of System Engineering within RA3. System Engineer Qualification (RAFJ)4. Systems overview5. Systems Environment6. SE Role and Responsibility (tasks)7. SE/PM/CM 8. SE-Vee in our daily business: Example

FM Immunity9. SE and OSTR responsibility10.SE challenges


1. Introduction RUAG Aviation

Xavier CombyTeam Leader Systems Engineering

Christian JaeggiSystems EngineerJet Aircraft

M.Sc. Experimental Physics, ETHZ

M.Sc. Aeronautics, Supaero, FR

Thales 2000-2003

RUAG since 2004

Currently applying for CSEP

B.Sc. Systems Engineering FH

M.Sc. Aerospace Vehicle Design, Cranfield, UK

M.Sc. Military Aerospace and Airworthiness, Cranfield, UK (Ongoing)

RUAG since 2009

Application for CSEP in 2 years

SPEAKERS :


1. Introduction RUAG Aviation

http://www.ruag.com/de/Konzern/Media/Corporate_Film


2. History of SE within RA

Stealth, Mission and flight control highlyintegrated…

F-22

F-35

AESA radar, IRST, off-boresight missiles/JHMCS, MIDS…

F-18 E/F

F/A-18C/D

FBW, MIL bus/digital, high AOA

F-5E/F LCOS, analog, improved A/A, fire radar

MIR IIIS

SE is thedriver of a new fightergeneration…

Vampire


2. History of SE within RA

1994 + Final assembly F/A-18 => 4. Gen Fighter

SE = Safety, PM & logisticsDesign = mechanical, electrical etc. Eng

2000 + aged F-5 Fleet => more defects+ F/A-18 obsolescence problems

SE = Safety, PM, logistics & -ilityDesign = mechanical, electrical etc. Eng

2008 + Cost & time pressure+ increase of stakeholders

SE = SE-Approach acc. to INCOSEDesign = mechanical, electrical etc. Eng

2011

SE = Safety, PM, logistics, -ility & requirement engineering

Design = mechanical, electrical etc. Eng


3. System Engineer Qualification (RAFJ)

In the field of Military Jet &Missiles,System Engineers have thefollowing authorisation areas asacting as a technical checkerrespective Subject Matter Expert

� General System Engineering

� Aerodynamics� Structure� Weapon Systems� Avionic Systems� Electrical Systems� Mechanical Systems� Power Plant and

Propulsion Systems� Flight Test

Min BSc


3. System Engineer Qualification (RAFJ)Each SE has to be at least qualified for general system engineering. General SE knowledge covers thesystems engineering approach and the minimum disciplines for ensuring continuying airworthiness(safety) and system performance (reliability/maintainability).

- ICAO Annex 13 (aircraft accident/incident investigat.)- Air force system safety handbook- OM-A LW (ASR)

MIL-STD-882System Safety

- Reglement 4023-V2.3dMIL-HDBK-470System Maintanability

NAVAIR 00-25-403MIL-STD-1629MIL-HDBK-260

System Reliability

- Anordnung für die Zertifizierung des militärischen Flugmaterials- Ausführungsbestimmungen für den Anderungsdienstvon militärischen Luftfahrtsystemen- Templates MBB, ECP-Stellungnahme, QTP/QTR- NAVAIR 00-25-300 (section III)

MIL-HDBK-516MIL-HDBK-310MIL-STD-810

Military Certification

- INCOSE Systems engineering handbook- EIA-632- EIA-649 (CM)- NAVAIR SE GUIDE- DAU GLOSSARY, DAG- DOD STD 100 (introduction to drawings)

MIL-HDBK-61 (CM)MIL-STD-881MIL-STD-961MIL-HDBK-515 (WSIP)

System Engineering


3. System Engineer Qualification (RAFJ)Each SE acquires knowledge and experience in a dedicated field of expertise. After passing an internalexam/assessment, he acts as an SME towards the certification authority (armasuisse). Only SME areauthorized as technical checkers.

Example : electrical systems

System Specific Data (F-5)System Specific Data (F/A-18)Ref. STDTopic

NOR 78-31 EMC TestEMC by design, MDC courseMDC A6287 F/A-18 EMC test planMDC A4155 (lightning)

MIL-STD-461MIL-STD-464MIL-STD-6051

EMI/EMC

RA Kurs 944 (lighting systems)MIL-L-6503Lighting systems

NOR 76-133 ELA F-5

24-EM electrical systemVolume I, II, IIIELA F/A-18RA Kurs 942 (electrical power system)

MIL-E-7016MIL-W-5088MIL-STD-704

Electrical generation& distribution


4. Systems overview

A fighter ≠ not only an aircraft !A fighter = weapon system

A/C GSE PIL EQUI Weapons &Ext Stores

TrainingEQUI

MPS Etc


4. Systems overview

Type: Hornet F/A-18 C/DIn service since: 1996Inventory today: 33

OEM: McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) /USNEngine: 2 F404-GE-402 turbofanMIL/MAX (each) 48.9kN/79.2kNLength 56ftWing span 40ftLoaded weight about 37‘000 lbsMax gross weight: 51‘900 lbsMax speed M 1.8Max altitude 50‘000 ft

Type: Tiger F-5E/FIn service since: 1978Inventory today: 54

OEM: Northrop CorporationEngine: 2 J85-GE-21AMIL/MAX (each) 15.5kN/22.2kNLength 47ft 43/4inWing span 26ft 8inLoaded weight about 16‘000 lbsMax gross weight: 24‘722 lbsMax speed M 1.64Max altitude 50‘000 ft

F/A-18D > 45‘000 different

partsinstalled


5. Systems Environment

A fighter is a state weapon system qualified by a national military authority iaw military regulations and processes for a military

mission in a hazardous environment.

� A fighter is a state aircraft and is submitted to its own national military authority

� A fighter is a weapon that is submitted to other regulations than a commercial air transport

� A fighter is a system made of the aircraft and all the equipment needed to support its operations

� The qualification of a fighter as weapon system consists of an airworthiness part (fit for flight) but the major part is a performance qualification (fit for mission).


6. SE role and responsibility

SE are the experts in the field of military jet and missiles engineering (esp.airworthiness and performance) during the whole Life Cycle of the system

For the Swiss Air Force:On the authority of armasuisse, FJS has the overall system technicalresponsibility (OSTR) of the Swiss jet and missiles systems. Therefore FJS areresponsible for the airworthiness, performance (incl availability), safety, maintainability andreliability of the aircraft and components in line with the manufacturer and the regulatoryrequirements

EXPLORATORYEXPLORATORY

RESEARCHRESEARCHRETIREMENTRETIREMENT

UTILIZATIONUTILIZATION

SUPPORTSUPPORT

PRODUCTIONPRODUCTIONDEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENTCONCEPTCONCEPT

U25 / SRP20 CH Mod‘s / FY

3 CH Mod‘s / FY


7. PM/SE/CM

Example of workshare SE/PL

Designinterface

(Focus System Engineerig)

(Focus Project Management)

SE involvement

(Focus CM)


8. SE Vee in our Daily Business

System engineering Customer (ar/LW)

Design organization Production organization

SY

ST

EM

SU

B-

SY

ST

EM



CUSTOMER NEED

Mission Need Statement (MNS)

SAF operates in CH airspace but also in international civilian (non segragated) airspace, which is submitted to other regulations and administrated by other regulatorybodies (national or international like ICAO, Eurocontrol, etc..)



REQUIREMENTS DEFINITION

Stakeholder requirement (via ECR = engineering change request)

„F/A-18 Hornet VHF COMM shall fulfill VHF FM immunity requirements iaw ICAO Annex 10“



REQUIREMENTS ANALYSISStakholders requirements are analyzed and translated into system requirements (either as section 4 in the feasibilitystudy report or as stand alone document, SRS System requirements specifications. Requirements requires approvalof customer !

Remark : DOORS SW is used for requirements engineering in case of major modifications. (Word if minor)



ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Feasibility report = ECP (engineering change proposal)Section 6 of the feasibility study (report) summarizes the possible solutions (alternatives) and section 7 proposes to the customer (stakeholders) a preferred solution. The design is still at system level (architectural design).

An important part of this report is the CVRM (Compliance Verification Requirements Matrix) which needs FORMAL approval of certification authority.


8. SE Vee in our Daily BusinessIMPLEMENTATION



VERIFICATION (SUB-SYSTEM LEVEL)Requirements verification is performed by :-Analysis (incl similarity and experience)-Demonstration-Inspection-Test (environmental, functional, ..)



INTEGRATION



VERIFICATION (SYSTEM LEVEL)Requirements verification is performed by :-Analysis (incl similarity and experience)-Demonstration-Inspection-Test (SIL/lab, ground, flight)



VERIFICATIONGround qualification test is performed by RA



VERIFICATION

Flight test is performed by ar flight test center in EMM



VALIDATIONValidation is performed by end user (SAF) OT&E (operational test and evaluation center). Theprototype phase is completed after successful validation of the prototype. PRR (ProductionReadiness Review) releases the fleet retrofit… (TRANSITION, OPERATIONS, …)


9. SE and OSTR responsibility

INCIDENT / ACCIDENT OCCURENCE

Example: F/A-18 Planing Link Failure



(Status 2008)

In 2008, CH decided to join ILGAT and contribute to the common effort(redesign of PLM) by flight testing theMLG SA (possible contributor to thePLF).

Landing techniques, proper maintenance (SA servicing) wererefreshed by the crews to mitigate therisk as long as there was no clearunderstanding of what was happening.



Incident Investigation iaw ICAO Annex 13

Factual Information

Analysis

Conclusions / Safety Recommendation



ILGAT work share : CH SA flight test

Goals of Swiss SA Test :

1) Performance comparison between 2 SA typesSA1 = P/N NTW-0053 VS SA2 = P/N EMC0677 (involved in Swiss PLF)

2) Measurement of dynamic (polytropic) performance of SA for different cases(Landing weights, sink rate Vz, crab angle) similar to the ones involved in Swiss PLF

3) Static performance of SA (isothermal)Checking the accuracy of the current servicing (gauge, X-dimension)

4) Update theoretical model if necessary



F/A-18C J-5001 test aircraft with CL Tank

LH MLG SA = NTW-0053 (Nassau Tool Works)RH MLG SA = EMC 0677 (Ellanef Manufacturing Co)

Limitations :-L/G down and extended-CL Tank can not be jettison

MLG Safety pin MLG handle secured DAU

AIRCRAFT


9. SE and OSTR responsibilityCAMERA INSTALLATION



Primary piston fully compressed (static)

Safety rod

Secondary piston partially compressed (static)

LP sensor (LP charging valve position) HP sensor (HP charging valve position)

SA SENSORS

Temperature sensor (PT-1000)


9. SE and OSTR responsibilitySA SENSORS INSTALLATION


9. SE and OSTR responsibilityR H Sh o c k a b s o r b e r

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2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 7 . 0 0 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 7 . 4 8 9 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 7 . 9 7 7 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 8 . 4 6 5 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 8 . 9 5 3 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 9 . 4 4 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 9 . 9 2 9 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 0 . 4 17 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 0 . 9 0 5 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 1. 3 9 3 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 1. 8 8 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 2 . 3 6 9 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 2 . 8 5 7 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 3 . 3 4 5 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 3 . 8 3 3 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 4 . 3 2 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 4 . 8 0 9 0 4 9

T i me [ d d d h h : mm: s s . s s s s s s ]

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Stroke RH Sec

Press RH Sec

R H Sh o c k a b s o r b e r

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2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 7 . 0 0 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 7 . 4 8 9 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 7 . 9 7 7 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 8 . 4 6 5 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 8 . 9 5 3 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 9 . 4 4 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 3 9 . 9 2 9 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 0 . 4 17 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 0 . 9 0 5 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 1. 3 9 3 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 1. 8 8 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 2 . 3 6 9 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 2 . 8 5 7 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 3 . 3 4 5 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 3 . 8 3 3 0 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 4 . 3 2 10 4 9 2 2 2 11: 5 6 : 4 4 . 8 0 9 0 4 9

T i me [ d d d h h : mm: s s . s s s s s s ]

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Stroke RH Prim

Press RH Prim

DATA ANALYSIS & CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS

-11

-9

-7

-5

-3

-1

1

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-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Time [s]

VV

EL

[ft/s

]

INS VVEL


10. SE challenges

� Different understanding of Systems Engineering within the company� EMAR Part M � EMAR Part 21

� Systems Engineering is as CAMO established, but in the design process not fully accepted

� All that leads to conflicts in the management, but that’s normal by new approaches

� Ramp up phase for young System Engineers� Hard to find aeronautical engineers in Switzerland for System Level

� Experienced System Engineers are rare� Training effort for students high


Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!

…… The systems engineer is a "big picture" engineer, always keeping an eye on thedesign of the overall system to ensure that it will meet the needs of all the system'sstakeholders, including operators, maintainers and commanders, and our ultimate customer– the public.

military jet & missiles engineering: se-vee in our daily...

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