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8Technocrat

Farmer

Remembering Legend

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Team Kurien

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PresentationSTART

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Presented by : • Divyesh H. Bhatt

It’s tribute the great milk man from INDIA.

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Dr.Varghese Kurien

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Introduction

• Born: 26 November 1921 Calicut, Madras into a Syrian Christian family

• His father was a civil surgeon in Cochin, Kerala.

• He graduated in Physics from Loyola College, Madras in 1940 and then obtained his Bachelors in mechanical engineering from the University of Madras.

• After completing his degree, he joined the Tata Steel Technical Institute,Jamshedpur from where he graduated in 1946.

• He then earned Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering (Distinction) from Michigan State University in 1948.

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The grate man’s grate Visionary• Now we are not that Strength which in older days, Moved earth and Heaven, that which we are we are. Come my friend this is not true late to seek a newer world.

- Dr.Varghese Kurien

And a newer world that he did create where the “Farmers were Supreme”

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Early Conditions

• Every day at the crack of doan more then 10 million farmers of Gujarat begin their Every day at the crack of doan more then 10 million farmers of Gujarat begin their milk root.milk root.

• A journey that is given them a life of an A journey that is given them a life of an ““Economic IndependenceEconomic Independence” . ” . It was not It was not always like this.always like this.

• In 1946 troubled by the monopoly of private milk producing firm Polson (Model In 1946 troubled by the monopoly of private milk producing firm Polson (Model dairy-1929) and they constantly changing prices .dairy-1929) and they constantly changing prices .

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Farmers Fight Back• Farmers of the kaira district in Gujarat began a Farmers of the kaira district in Gujarat began a ““C0-OPRETIVE C0-OPRETIVE

MOVMENTMOVMENT””

• It means they collect whole milk produce by the framers of their It means they collect whole milk produce by the framers of their village and sell it at a constant price. village and sell it at a constant price.

• Guided by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Tribhuvandash Patel.Guided by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Tribhuvandash Patel.

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Kurien Back To India

• Dr.Varghese Kurien returned from America in 1948 and joined the Dairy Department of the Government of India.

• On 13th may 1949, he was posted as a Dairy Engineer at the Government Research Creamery.

• Gujarat around this time, the newly formed co-operative dairy “KDCMPUL” (Kaira District Cooperative Milk Producer’s union Limited), was engaged in the battle of survival with privately owned Polson Dairy.

So as he joined the Kheda co-operative and challenged every thing that came in to the way of this strong co-operative movement. Protecting a farmers who he insistent for the Wright full owners of the milk business.

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A solid milk revolution

• Dr. Varghese Kurien left his government job and volunteered to help Shri Tribhuvandas Patel, Chairman of KDCMPUL, to set up a processing plant.

• At that time all multinational companies importing a milk powder and they selling it at very higher price and with their brand name.

• They felt that if India started making milk powder they will stop importing.

• India is a buffalo dominated country and never make a milk powder and the rest of world produce it from cow milk.

• In 1954 even UNICEF debated that whether or not to provide the KDCMPUL a powder making plant.

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• Kurien and his accomplished friend H.M.Dalaya went a head and hired a plant and maid a powder from buffalo milk with minor way reation in the technology .

• They succeed in it and UNICEF was totally surprise .

• It was this buffalo milk powder which sutured a revolution.

• Now we are able to preserve our solid milk and we are able to give more money to our farmers.

• 3200 Ltrs. Kaira district cooperative now producing more than 20,000 Ltrs. of milk every day. They now owned Asia's largest dairy.

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1946: THE BIRTH 1946: THE BIRTH OF AMULOF AMUL

• Dr.Varghese know that if they want to sell any product they must need a brand.

• He and his team was think about it and after a brain stroming session they named it AMUL.

• Do you know the meaning of AMUL !!!!!????

• Amul it means “Anand Milk Union Limited” . And amulya in Sanskrit it means “Priceless”.

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Amul the test of India• AMUL later made way for a larger

milk-producing project, the Kaira District Co-operative Milk Producers Union, and still later the Gujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation.

• Was founded to stop exploitation of farmers by middlemen.

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Flow Diagram of Amul Co-operatives Operation

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Operation of Co-operative Model• Amul formed several co-operative societies for a group of villages.

• These co-operative societies had the task of collecting milk from the village farmers twice a day.

• The payment was made to the farmers according to the fat content in the milk.

• Sufficient steps (such as standard fat measurement machine, surprise checks, educating farmers etc.) were taken to prevent malpractices and enhance the overall process.

• These milk cans were then transferred to nearby Milk Chiller Unit on the same day.

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• It was kept in storage there for few hours then they were transferred for the pasteurization and finally to the cooling and packaging unit.

• After that milk was delivered to the wholesale distributor and then to the retailers and finally to the consumer thus following two-level distribution marketing channel.

• The upstream supply chain was entirely designed by Dr. Kurien and Mr. Tribhuvandas Patel – as a result of which the co-operative mechanism kept getting better and by the end of 1960

• Amul had become a success story in Gujarat

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Annual Sales Report of AMUL

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1965:NDDB• The success of the AMUL experiment attracted the then Prime

Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri.

• He requested Kurien to help him replicate the AMUL model nationwide.

• Shastri asked Dr V. Kurien to replicate his model in Delhi, but he refused to move to Delhi saying, Delhi didn't have farmers, only bureaucrats!

• This shows the greatness of this man.

• And the National Dairy Development Board ( NDDB ) was born in 1965 with the famous “Milkman” as its founder-chairman.

• As the 'Amul dairy experiment' was replicated in Gujarat's districts in the neighborhood of Anand, Kurien set all of them up under GCMMF in 1973 to sell the combined produce of the dairies under a single Amul brand.

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• This was the beginning of OPERATION FLOOD.

• NDDB launched “Operation Flood”, a programme that transformed India into the world's largest milk producer by establishing a countrywide milk grid.

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OperationFlood

• Dr Kurien is considered the father of Operation Flood, also referred to as the White Revolution.

• It was implemented in three phases: 1970-80, 1981-85 and 1985-96.

• Operation Flood has created a national milk grid linking milk producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets a major share of the price consumers pay, by cutting out middlemen.

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Under OperationFlood

• We have about 100 rail milk tankers and more than 1500 road milk tankers.

• From the period 1970 to 1996, when Operation Flood ended, India’s milk production increased from 22 to 66 million tones.

• It is currently around 88 million tones.

• This translates into an average annual growth of over 4 per cent.

• During the same period the population increase in India was around 2.1 per cent. Because of the relatively higher rate of increase in milk production, the per capita availability of milk increased from 40 kgs a year to about 75 kgs a year now.

• Flood, a large dairying infrastructure has been set up in India- about 175 dairy plants, 45 cattle feed plants, and about 15000 Artificial Insemination centers.

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Under OperationFlood (Continue….)

• Among agricultural commodities in India, milk is now the largest contributor to the Gross National Product – even larger than rice and wheat, the principal agricultural crops.

• The value realised by farmers from milk is estimated at about Indian Rupees 950 billion which is about US dollars 22 billion.

• To take this work forward, NDDB along with the dairy cooperatives have evolved “Perspective 2010”.

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1973: GCMMF• Gujarat Co-Operative Milk Marketing

Federation.

• Kurien sets up GCMMF to sell products produced by the dairies. Nearly 50 years later.

• GCMMF sells Amul products not only in India but also overseas.

• It is India's largest food product marketing organization with annual turnover (2011-12) of $2.5 billion.

• Its daily milk procurement is approximately 13 million liters (peak period) per day from 16,117 village milk cooperative societies, 17 member unions covering 24 districts and 3.18 million milk producer members.

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GCMMF

Mr.R.S.Sodhi (MD of Mr.R.S.Sodhi (MD of GCMMF) GCMMF)

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1979: IRMA

• IRMA was established in 1979 at Anand with the support of the Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation, state and Union governments, the erstwhile Indian Dairy Corporation and NDDB to provide management education, training, research and consultancy support to cooperatives & rural development organizations.

• IRMA is founded with the belief borne out by Dr Kurien's work in the dairy coops which revolutionized the industry.

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Irma Campus

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Achievements• Padmashri (1965)

• Padmabhushan (1966)

• Krishi Ratna Award (1986) by the President of India.

• Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership (1963)

• Wateler Peace Prize Award of Carnegie Foundation (1986)

• World Food Prize Award (1989)

• International Person of the Year(1993) by the World Dairy Expo, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

• Padma Vibhushan (1999)

• In 2001, ET awarded him lifetime achievement award along with Dhirubhai Ambani.

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For his contribution to the dairy industry Dr. Kurien has received top awards not only in India but also

overseas.

• Dr. Kurien has received over 15 honorary degrees from universities in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and India.

• This unassuming man won many awards during his lifetime and served as a role model to many others.

• In 1963, Dr. Kurien received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership.

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Padma Shri

• The Government of India awarded him with the Padma Shri in 1965.

• Padma Shri (also Padmashree) is the fourth highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna, the Padma Vibhushan and the

Padma Bhushan.

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Padma Bhushan• The Government of India awarded

him with the Padma Bhushan in1966

• The Padma Bhushan is the third highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan, but comes before the Padma Shri.

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Wateler Peace Prize• The Wateler Peace Prize is

awarded annually by the Dutch Carnegie Foundation and is named for J.G.D.

• Wateler who, upon his death on 22 July 1927 "bequeathed his estate to the Dutch State, under the proviso that the annual revenue accruing from it should be expended upon the awarding of a prize to those who have made themselves meritorious in the cause of peace."

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Padma Vibushan• The Government of India

awarded him with the Padma Vibhushan in 1999.

• The Padma Vibhushan is the second highest civilian award in the Republic of India. It consists of a medal and a citation and is awarded by the President of India.

• It is awarded to recognize exceptional and distinguished service to the nation in any field, including government service.

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Salute to Great Man

• OF THE FARMER

• BY THE FARMER

• FOR THE FARMER

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India’s milk man Passes away• Nadiad: Verghese Kurien, the father of

White Revolution in India and the founder of Amul, died after a brief spell of illness early on Sunday at Nadiad in Gujarat. He was 90.

• Mr Kurien's body has been kept at the Sardar Hall of Amul dairy in Anand for people to pay their last respects.

• "Mr Kurien died a natural death due to his age. He was suffering from kidney problems for quite some time and was admitted to a hospital in Nadiad”.

• He was hospitalized at Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital in Nadiad

• He passed away around 1:15 am.

9th September,2012

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The Change He Maid • Today, the turnover of Amul-led cooperatives stands at R 10,000 crore.

• The Amul group now consists of 15 district unions with 30 lakh farmer members in close to 16,000 villages of Gujarat.

• A majority of the cooperative members are women.

• Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has condoled the death of Mr. Kurien.

• In a condolence message he described him as an icon of India's cooperative movement and the dairy industry.

• President Pranab Mukherjee said Mr Kurien will be remembered as one who made enormous contributions to the fields of agriculture, rural development and dairying.

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The Change (Continue…)• When Operation Flood began in 1970, total

annual milk procurement was only 190,000 tons, with 278,000 farmers involved in the program.

• By 1998, at the time of Dr Kurien’s retirement as chairman, the NDDB’s programs involved more than ten million dairy producers in 81,000 cooperatives, supplying almost five million tons of milk annually to over 1000 cities and towns throughout that country.

• Reaching nearly 250 million people, Operation Flood was the largest agricultural development program in the world. India has also emerged as the largest producer of milk in the world, surpassing the United States.

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Books by Dr.Kurien

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Audio Book• Author: Verghese Kurien.

• Foreword By: Ratan Tata.

• Publisher: Times Music/Om Audio Books (2012)

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The Utterly Butterly Man

• ‘Again and again in history, some special people in the crowd wake up. They have no ground in the crowd and they emerge accordingly to much broader laws; they carry strange customs with them, and demand room for bold actions. The future ruthlessly speaks through them. They save the world.’

- (Rainer Maria Rilke).

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Questions ?

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Does Dr.Varghese Kurien deserve the Bharat Ratna Award and Nobel Peace Prize ?

• Bharat Ratna (Jewel of India or Gem of India in English) is the Republic of India's highest civilian award, for performance of highest order in any field of human Endeavour.

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• He is most studied man.

• Many business schools world over teach what is called as “Management Kurien Style”.

• The Number of PhD thesis about his work and.

• The AMUL model replicated in more than 30-40 countries as an effective way of rural empowerment and sustainable employment generation.

• "A World Bank audit in 1998 revealed that of the Rs 200 crore the World Bank invested in Operation Flood, the net return into India’s rural economy was a massive Rs 24,000 crore each year over a period of 10 years."

• He deserves much better from all of us Indian's .