mis-information system in the enterprise

8/8/2019 MIS-Information System in the Enterprise

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Information Systemin the Enterprise


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MANAGING THEDIGITAL FIRM BUSINESS CHALLENGES

Rapidly hanging customer tastes

Fast-paced time-to-market

MANAGEMENTDevelop Enterprise widebusiness processes.Monitor market changes & cost

TECHNOLOGYInternetIntranetBarcode

ORGANIZATIONDesignersFactoriesSuppliersWarehousesRetail Stores

Business processes

INFORMATIONSYSTEM

Coordinate supply chain

SOLUTIONSReduce

time-to-marketIncrease profit


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Information System

CUSTOMERS

Information SystemInformation System

INPUTPROCESSING

CLASSIFYARRANGE

CALCULATE

OUTPUT

feedback

ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION

ENVIRONM

ENT

SUPPLIERS

COMPETITORSSTOCK

HOLDERSREGULATORY

AGENCIES

ComputerBased

InformationSystem(CBIS)


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REPRESENTING IT INSTITUTION

Management Of ChangeStrategic Alignment MaturityIT Business Communication

Managing Emerging Technologies

DEVELOPING INFORMATION SYSTEMSIT StrategyOrganizing IT

Information System in The EnterpriseHuman Resources Consideration

MANAGING IT PERFORMANCEIT Process

Planning Related IT ProcessMeasuring Reporting & Controlling

Assessing The Value of IT

AlignmentMaturitybetween

Business &IT Strategy

decisions,

about howto obtain& deploy

ITresources

&

competencies

Optimalresult ofinformati

onsystem

IT GOVERNANCE

Globalization Impact

State,R

ole,&ITImp

ortance

develo

pinga

bilitya

nd

organi z

ation

succ

es

sful

CO

MPE

TITIVE

AD

VA

NTAG

E

Role&CIOsR

esp

on

sibilities

Information

Systemsint h

eEnterprise

Informa

tionSuperior i

ty


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Info

rma

tion

Super

io

rit

y

optimal result

ofinforma

tionsystem

decisions,about howto obtain& deploy

IT

resources&

Competitive

Advantage

developing

ability &

organization

StrategicAlignmentMaturity

IT Strategy

Organizin

g IT

HumanResource

sConsidera

tion

IT Process

State, Role & IT importance

Role & CIOs Responsibilities

IT Governance

AlignmentMaturity

Business & IT

RepresentingIT Institution

Managing ITPerformance

DevelopingInformation System

Managing

Information

System

Managing

Emerging

Technology

Management ofChange

ITBusiness

Communication

Measurin

g,Reporting&

Controlling

AssessingThe Value

of IT

?

Globalizations Impact


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2002 SouthwesternCollege Publishing. All

Hi tech firms are confronted with dynamic and unpredictable

changes in markets, products, and technologies compete on their technological strength

ability to exploit technology as a core competence

to invest in future technology

to incorporate better technology in its products or services

to do in a shorter time, lower costs, amenity, higher quality,

leading-edge products, services, and better performance,

etc

Cost Leadership Competing with Lower CostsProduct Differentiation Competing with ValueProduct Focus Competing by Restricting Ones Market

3 Primary Strategiesto achieve Competitive Advantage (Michael Porter) :


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Challenges

Alignment Maturity between Business & IT strategyThe Role of CIO

Decisions, to obtain & deploy IT Resources &Competencies

IT Strategy & Organizing ITOptimal Result of Information System

Quality of Information, Robustly Networked Force

& Information Sharing

Developing Ability & Organization SuccessfulHuman Resources Considerations

Competitive Advantage


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Management Information System

Challenges

Integration.

However integrating systems for differentorganizational levels and functions to freelyexchange information can be technologically

difficult and costly.

Enlarging the scope of management thinking.

Enterprise system and industrial networks

require manager to take a much larger view oftheir own behavior, including other products,divisions, department and even outside businessfirms.


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IS StrategyBusiness BasedDemand Oriented

Application Focused

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Where is the

business goingand Why

What is require

How it can bedelivered

IS/IT

Impact&Potential

Business Strategy

Business Direction

Objective & DirectionChange

IT Strategy

Activity DecisionSupply Oriented

Technically Focused

Direction forBusiness

Needs &Priorities

Infrastructure &Services

SupportBusiness

ICT


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APPROACH METHODAPPROACH METHOD

ANALYS

T

METHODOLO

GY

EVALUAT

ION

SURVE

Y

REVISION

CREATI

ON

BOTTOM-UPBOTTOM-UP

APPROACHAPPROACH

EXISTING SYSTEM

ICTICT

GRAND DESIGNGRAND DESIGN

TOP-DOWNTOP-DOWN

APPROACHAPPROACHTARGET & OBJECTIVE

INTERNAL-EXTERNALINTERNAL-EXTERNAL

APPROACHAPPROACH

DEVELOPING SYSTEM


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1st STEP

Assessment

1st STEP

Assessment

2nd STEPLevel

Determining

2nd STEPLevel

Determining

3rd STEPGap Analysis

3rd STEPGap Analysis

4th STEP

Strategy

& Planning

4th STEP

Strategy

& Planning ImplementationPlanningImplementationPlanning

Budget

Planning

ICT GRAND DESIGN STEPS

VISION, MISSION, STRATEGY,

RESPONSIBILITY & PRIORITY

Existing

Condition

(Where are we,now?)

Expected

Condition

(Where are wegoing to?)

Planning

(How to reach?)


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KONSEP INTEGRASI SYSTEM

Other

Applica

tion

ManufacturingApplica

tion

Logisti

c

Applica

tion

Financ

e

Applica

tion

AccountingApplication

Enterprise Service Bus(ESB/SOA)

Routing Transformation SecurityConnectivity

HumanResour

ces

Applica

tion

Sales&MarketingApplication

ICT strategic planning


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Major Types of Systems in Organizations

Sales &Marketin

g

Manufacturi

ng

FinanceAccounting

HumanResource

s

FUNCTIONAL AREA

KIND OFINFORMATION SYSTEM

Operational Level

Knowledge Level

Management Level

StrategicLevel

GROUPS

SERVED

Operational

Managers

Knowledge andData

Workers

MiddleManager

s

SeniorManager

s


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STRATEGIC

TACTIC

TECHNICALOPERATION

HIRARKI SISTEM INFORMASI

RENCANA & STRATEGI TIK


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KONSEP ALIRAN DATA & INFORMASI

Transaction

ProcessesMIS DSS

ExternalInformation

DataWarehouse

EIS

RENCANA & STRATEGI TIK


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SIX MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMSTYPES OFSYSTEM

Executive SupportSystems (ESS)

ManagementInformation

Systems (MIS)

Decision SupportSystems (DSS)

Knowledge WorksSystems (KWS)

Office AutomationSystems

TransactionProcessing

Systems (TPS)

Strategic Level Systems5 years

Sales trendforecasting

5 yearsOperating

plan

5 yearsbudget

forecasting

ProfitPlanning

personnelPlanning

Management Level Systems

SalesManagement

InventoryControl

Annualbudgeting

CapitalInvestment

Analysis

RelocationAnalysis

Sales RegionAnalysis

ProductionScheduling

CostAnalysis

PricingProfitability

Analysis

Contract CostAnalysis

Knowledge Level Systems

EngineeringWorkstations

GraphicWorkstations

ManagerialWorkstations

WordProcessing

DocumentImaging

ElectronicCalendar

OrderTracking

OrderProcessing

Machine ControlPlant Scheduling

MaterielMovement

Control

SecuritiesTrading

CashManagement

Payroll

AccountsPayable

AccountReceivable

Compensation

Training &development

Employeerecord keeping

Operational Level Systems

Sales &MarketingManufac-turing FinanceAccountingHumanResources


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Characteristics of Information Processing Systems

TYPES OFSYSTEM

Executive SupportSystems (ESS)

ManagementInformation

Systems (MIS)

Decision SupportSystems (DSS)

Knowledge WorksSystems (KWS)

OfficeSystems

TransactionProcessing

Systems (TPS)

Aggregate data;External, internal

Graphics;

Simulations;Interactive

Projections;

responsesto queriesSenior Managers

Summarytransaction data,High volume data,

Simple models

Routine reports,simple models,

Low level analysis

Summary andException reportsMiddle managers

Low-volume data ormassive databasesOptimized for dataAnalysis, analyticModels and dataAnalysis tools

Interactive;Simulations;analysis

Specials reports;Decision analysis;

Responses toqueries

Professionals;Staff managers

Transaction;events

sorting; listing;Merging; updating

Detailed reports;Lists; summaries

OperationsPersonnel;supervisors

InformationInput Processing

InformationOutputs Users

Designspecifications;

Knowledge base

Modeling;simulations

Models;graphics

Professionals;Technical staff

Document;schedules

DocumentManagement;Scheduling;

communication

Document;Schedules;

mail

Clericalworkers


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Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) The basic business systems that serve the operational level

of the organization. A transaction processing system is a computerized system

that performs and records the daily routine transactionsnecessary to conduct business.

PayrollSystems

ManagementReports

PayrollMaster

File

OnlineQueriesEarnings

Employee Data

(Various Department)

To general ledger wages and salaries

Government Documents

Employee Checks


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Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)

Serve the information needs at the knowledge level ofthe organization.

Aid knowledge workers in the creation and integrationof new knowledge in the organization, whereas officesystems primarily aid data workers.

Office Automation Systems (OAS)

Computer systems, such as word processing, e-mail

system and scheduling systems, that are designed toincrease the productivity of data workers in the office.


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Management Information Systems (MIS) Serve the management functions of planning, controlling

and decision making by providing routine summary and

exception reports. In some cases, with on line access to the organizationscurrent performance and historical records.

Order

ProcessingSystemOrderFile

ProductionMaster File

AccountingFile

MaterialsResourcePlanningSystem

GeneralLedgerSystem

SalesData

UnitProductCost Data

ProductChangeData

ExpenseData

MIS FILES

MIS

MANAGERS


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Decision Support Systems (DSS)

Information systems at the organizations managementlevel that combine data and sophisticated analyticalmodels or data analysis tools to support semi structuredand unstructured decision making.

Serve the management level of the organization.

Help managers make decisions that are unique, rapidlychanging and not easily specified in advance.

Although use internal information from TPS and MIS,they often bring in information from external sources,

such as current stock prices or product prices ofcompetitors.


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Executive Support Systems (ESS) Information systems at the organizations strategic level

designed to address unstructured decision making through

advanced graphics and communications. They address non routine decisions requiring judgment,

evaluation and insight, because there is no agreed-onprocedure for arriving at a solution.

Internal Data

TPS/MIS dataFinancial dataOffice SystemsModeling/Analysis

External Data

Internet newfeeds

Standard &Poors

ESS

workstation

MenusGraphicsCommunications

Local Processing

ESS

workstation

MenusGraphics

Communications

Local Processing

ESSworkstation

MenusGraphicsCommunicationsLocal Processing


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Interrelationshipsamong Systems

ESS

MIS DSS

KWS& OAS TPS


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ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS

Sales

Accounting

Manufacturingand

Production

Generate

Order

Submit

Order

Check

Credit

Approve

Credit

Generate

Invoice

Check

Credit

Ship

Product


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Traditional view of systemsManufac-

turingAccount-

ingFinance

Marketing& Sales

HumanResources

Manufac-turing

Systems

Account-ing

Systems

FinanceSystems

Marketing& SalesSystems

HumanResourcesSystems

BusinessSystems BusinessSystems BusinessSystems BusinessSystems BusinessSystems

Organiza

tional

Boundarie

s

Organiza

tional

Boundaries

Vendors

Vendors

Vendors

Customers

Customers

Customers

Manufac-turing

Account-ing

FinanceMarketing& Sales

HumanResources

Business Systems

Business Systems

Business SystemsEnterprise-wide business processes

Organiza

tion

alB

oundaries

Customers

Organization

alB

oundarie

s

Vendors

Enterprise System

In most organization, separate systems built over a long period of time support discrete business processes

and discrete business functions. The organizations systems rarely included vendors and customers

Can integrate the key business processes of an entire firm into a

single software system that allows information to flow seamlesslythroughout the organization. These systems focus primarily on

l th t i hit t


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plan, the enterprise architectureto :

Getting the right information & assessing

information quality to create Information Superiority

Build Robustly Network Force for Information

Sharing to realize sharing information awareness Create Innovation, New Method & New Processes

Realize Shared Situational Awareness

Perform Cooperation & Coordination(Collaboration)

Realize Self Synchronization to create Mission

Effectiveness