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1© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Routed Access in theCampus Network
2© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Cisco’s Technology Vision:The Intelligent Information Network
Get More Value from Applications
Get More Value from Infrastructure and Resources
Get More Value from the Network Foundation
Net
wor
k In
telli
genc
e
Time
The Intelligent Movement of Data/Voice/Video across a System of Networks
Integrated Transport
Integrated Services
Virtualized Resources and Services
Integrated Applications
Network-Enabled Applications
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
3© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
The Market
“Resources are tight. A complex network infrastructure will only further drain those resources. To prepare, strive for simplicity and uniformity.”
CIO Magazine
“... a collaboration analyst at Forrester, concurs. “It’s undeniable that electronic communication and collaboration between companies is increasing,…”
CIO Magazine
4© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Challenges
• Real-time applications are driving network needs
VoIP, IP Video, Converged networks, CRM and Instant Messaging
• Network recovery and downtime are critical
Downtime is expensive
Five and Six 9s reliability
• Network complexity delays services integration
• IT responsible for driving business process
CRM, Mobility and Access to Data
5© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Access
Distribution
Core
Network Have Been Built forClient-Server Applications
• Hierarchical traffic: desktop to server
• Non real-time
• Centralized
• Data only
• Rule of 90–10SiSi SiSi SiSi SiSi
SiSi SiSi
Decreasing Intelligence
Valuable Services are Closer to the Servers
6© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
What Is High Availability?
DPM—Defects per Million
Availability Downtime Per Year (24x365)
99.000%
99.500%
99.900%
99.950%
99.990%
99.999%
99.9999%
3 Days
1 Day
53 Minutes
5 Minutes
30 Seconds
15 Hours
19 Hours
8 Hours
4 Hours
36 Minutes
48 Minutes
46 Minutes
23 Minutes
DPM
10000
5000
1000
500
100
10
1
“High Availability”
7© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
What If You Could…Reduce Cost Through Diminished Risk of Downtime
• Costs for downtime are high One day cost of lost productivity = $1,644 per employee
100 person office = $164K per day
• More than just a datanetwork outage
• More than just revenue impactedRevenue loss
Productivity loss
Impaired financial performance
Damaged reputation
Recovery expenses
$ 205$1,010,536Average
$ 107$ 668,586Transportation
$ 244$1,107,274Retail
$ 370$1,202,444Insurance
$1,079$1,495,134Financial Institution
$ 134$1,610,654Manufacturing
$ 186$2,066,245Telecommunications
$ 569$2,817,846Energy
Revenue/ Employee-
HourRevenue/HourIndustry Sector
Source: Meta Group
8© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Routed Access in the Campus
• Routing in the campus access layer
• Utilizes EIGRP/OSPF for routing services
• Spanning Tree Protocol is not used
• ProvidesIncreased resiliency for VoIP and
Maximize your existing redundant connections
Less configuration complexity
Common troubleshooting tools Layer 2Layer 3
SiSi SiSi
SiSi SiSi
9© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
SiSi SiSi
SiSiSiSi
SiSi SiSi
Data Center
Multilayer Network DesignWithout a Rock Solid Foundation the Rest Doesn’t Matter
• Offers hierarchy―each layer has specific role
• Modular topology―building blocks
• Easy to grow, understand, and troubleshoot
• Creates small fault domains―Clear demarcations and isolation
• Promotes load balancing and redundancy
• Promotes deterministic traffic patterns
• Incorporates balance of both Layer 2 and Layer 3 technology, leveraging the strength of both
• Utilizes Layer 3 Routing for load balancing, fast convergence, scalability, and controlAccess
Distribution
Core
Distribution
Access
10© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Routed Campus Access Layer
• VLANs are isolated to Wiring Closet
• Stub routing in Access, no STP or HSRP/VRRP
• Faster convergence and better load balancing
• Topology could be the same… or…
DistributionLayer 3
AccessLayer 3
3 4 6 7 8 9Subnets
StubRouting
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• EIGRP or OSPF routed links between access and distribution• Routed interfaces, not VLAN trunks, between switches• Equal cost multi path to load balance traffic across network• Route summarization at distribution (like L2/L3)• Single control plane to configure/manage (no STP or HSRP)
Routed Access DesignStructured Design Foundation
10.1.20.010.1.120.0
VLAN 20 DataVLAN 120 Voice
VLAN 40 DataVLAN 140 Voice
10.1.40.010.1.140.0
EIGRP or OSPFEqual Cost Multi Path
Layer 2
Layer 3
SiSiSiSi
SiSi SiSi Access
Distribution
12© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Keep Redundancy Simple
• Root Placement?
• How Many Blocked Links?
• Convergence?
• Complex Fault Resolution
“If Some Redundancy is Good, More Redundancy is NOT Better”
13© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Ease of Implementation
Less to Get Right• No STP feature placement core
to distributionLoopGuardRootGuardSTP Root
• No default gateway redundancy setup/tuning
• No matching of STP/HSRP/GLBP priority
• No L2/L3 multicast topology inconsistencies
14© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Ease of Troubleshooting
• Routing Troubleshooting ToolsShow ip routeTraceroutePing and extended pingsExtensive protocol debugsConsistent troubleshooting; access, dist, core
• Bridging Troubleshooting ToolsShow ARPShow spanning-tree, standby, etc…Multiple show CAM dynamic’s to find a host
• Failure DifferencesRouted topologies fail closed—i.e. neighbor lossLayer 2 topologies fail open—i.e. broadcast and unknowns flooded
15© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Advantages of Routed AccessIn the Right Environment
• EIGRP and OSPF converge in <200 msec
• OSPF convergence times dependent on timer tuning
• RPVST+ convergence times dependent on GLBP/HSRP tuning
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.61.8
2
RPVST+ OSPF EIGRP
UpstreamDownstream
Seco
nds
16© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Multicast Routed Access Campus DesignThings You Don’t Have to Do…
• Tune PIM query interval for designated router convergence
• Configure designated router to match HSRP primary
• Configure PIM snooping on L2 switches between L3 switches
• Worry about all those L2/L3 flow inconsistency issues
17© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Routed Access Considerations
• Do you have any Layer 2 VLAN adjacencyrequirements between access switches?
• IP addressing—do you have enough addressspace and the allocation plan to support arouted access design?
• Platform requirementsCatalyst 6500 requires an MSFC with hybrid (CatOS and Cisco IOS®) in the access to get all the necessary switch port and routing features
Catalyst 4500 requires a SUP4 or higher for EIGRP or OSPF
18© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Why Routed Access Campus Design?
• Most Enterprise Catalysts® support L3 switching today• EIGRP/OSPF routing preference over spanning tree• Single control plane and well known tool set
Traceroute, show ip route, sho ip eigrp neighbor, etc…
• IGP enhancements; stub router/area, fast reroute, etc..• It is another design option available to you
Layer 2
Layer 3
SiSi SiSi
SiSi SiSi
Access
Distribution
19© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Access
Distribution
Core
Distribution
Access
Data Center
SiSi SiSi
SiSi SiSi
SiSi SiSi
Hierarchical Campus DesignRouted Access Building Blocks
• Highly available and fast—always on• Deploy QoS end-to-end: protect the good and
punish the bad • Equal cost core links provide for best convergence
• Highly available and fast—always on• Deploy QoS end-to-end: protect the good and
punish the bad • Equal cost core links provide for best convergence
• Access layer aggregation • Route summarization to the core to minimize
routing events• Route filtering from the core to minimize routing
table size in access• OSPF stub area border (ABR)• Keep your redundancy simple; equal cost
load balancing between access and core• Vary CEF algorithm to prevent polarization
• Access layer aggregation • Route summarization to the core to minimize
routing events• Route filtering from the core to minimize routing
table size in access• OSPF stub area border (ABR)• Keep your redundancy simple; equal cost
load balancing between access and core• Vary CEF algorithm to prevent polarization
• Network trust boundary• VLANs are contained to the access switch• Use EIGRP or OSPF on interfaces to
distribution layer• Use parallel paths for Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP)
routing • Use EIGRP stub routers or OSPF stub areas to limit
scope of convergence events
• Network trust boundary• VLANs are contained to the access switch• Use EIGRP or OSPF on interfaces to
distribution layer• Use parallel paths for Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP)
routing • Use EIGRP stub routers or OSPF stub areas to limit
scope of convergence events
20© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Who Can Benefit
Enterprise Customers Who Are• Implementing VoIP, IP video
or collaboration applications
• Looking to improve network availability
• Wanting to decrease network complexity
• Standardizing on one set of protocols for the network
• Easing the growing burden of network configuration and maintenance
• Implementing CRM or databases company wide
• Increasing intelligence into the wiring closet
21© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Water Agency Improves Network AvailabilitySan Antonio Water Systems
• Customer ChallengesAlleviate bandwidth constraints at network edgeImprove network availability and database application performanceMaintain operation costs
• SolutionRouted Access solution with Layer 3 routing capability in the wiring closet
• Net Multiplier EffectHalves network complexity and reduces network management burdenReduces new service implementation costs by 25%–30%Doubles bandwidth, eliminates congestion and improves security with minimal capital outlay
“Routed Access eases our management burden and makes it much easier to implement new projects.”
Darrin Gannaway,Senior Network Engineer
22© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Investment Protection
• Maximize equipment you have today
• Supported in Catalyst wiring closet switches for EnterpriseCatalyst 3560 and 3750
Catalyst 4500
Catalyst 6500
• EIGRP stub included in Catalyst base image
• Existing protocols and management interfaces
23© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Supporting SolutionRouted Access in the Catalyst Switching Portfolio
Catalyst 29xx
Catalyst 3750Catalyst 3560
Catalyst 4500Catalyst 6500
Catalyst Express 500
Catalyst 4500
Catalyst 6500
Small Medium-sized Large
Number of Employees/Density
Feat
ures
, Sca
labi
lity,
Lon
gevi
ty
Wiring Closet
Datacenter Access
Distribution/Core
Blade Switches
Catalyst4948
Catalyst 6500
Routed Access
Routed Access
Routed Access
Routed Access
24© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
SimplifiedOperations
IntegratedSecurity
DeterministicBusiness
Continuity
Cisco Catalyst SwitchingEnhanced Performance and Service Enablement
• Real-time troubleshooting and traffic monitoring
• Configuration automation
• Standardization on fewer protocols
• Intelligent power management
• Layer 2/3/4 traffic classification (QoS)
• Multicast for new applications
• Hardware-based wire-speed performance
• Perimeter defense
• Identity-based trust and identify management
• Pervasive security connectivity services
• Secure management
• Real-time recovery
• High-availability at the network equipment level
• High-availability at the network design level
• Resiliency at the network protocol level
Predictable Application
Performance
25© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Cisco Is Your Partner for Delivering Intelligent Networks
• More than 1600 support engineers, 40 percent with CCIE® certification
• Average 15 years’ experience• 80 percent issues resolved online• Highest level of customer
satisfaction • Multiple awards for service• 30,000 Technical Assistance
Center(TAC) cases per month• 5000+ partners worldwide
deliver direct and subcontracted services for Cisco technology
• 1200+ partner-employed CCIEs
26© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00
Routed Access Summary
• Real-time applications are driving network needs
VoIP, Video, Triple play networks, CRM and IM
• Network recovery and downtime are critical
Downtime is expensiveFive and Six 9s reliability
• Routing in the wiring closet deliversDecreased downtimePredictable recovery from failure“Less to get right”Fewer protocols to troubleshoot
27© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.C97-340375-00