modern cost engineering

11111111111111111

11111 1111111111111

46058

16 26 10 14 12 ;;...--\'--a-

,~ -

u. 14 0 0 o 16 ~ 0 .,..: 12 0 W .ci

10

8

6o 300 600

900Heat transfer surface, ft2

1,200

1,500

Heat exchangers-fixed

tubesheet, tubes of stainless steel, area 300-1,500 ft2, carbon steel shell

Fig. 16

CURRENT COSTS OF PROCESS EQUIPMENT

113

u. 0 o 0 t'W""'ci- ~ .;: . 0. E o 0

a a

10

100

1,000 Capacity

10,000 X head factor (gpm X psi)

100,000

1,000,000

Centrifugal pumps and drivers-ANSI pump, TEFC driver, coupling and base, 30-300,000 gpm

Fig. 30

120

COSTS OF EQUIPMENT-DATA AND ESTIMATING METHODS

"'

0 "' 0 > co C ';:-. u "'0 0 ~ E "'0 0 o 0ci ....: ~. .0 W .. ~OJ

100

100

1,000Brake horsepower

10,000

Compressors and drivers-centrifugal,

electric motor or gasturbine, 100-4,000 bhp

Fig. 31

o o oW

~. ouci

.0....: Q;

';:Cco

>

"'0 "'0

~ ~ 0o uE

100

1,000Brake horsepower

10,000

}

Compressors and drivers-reciprocal

compressors with gas, electric or steam driver, 100-4,000

bhp

Fig. 32


121

0, u 0 0 +.; 0 W ..0V>

'+-'

100 10 120 12 240 8 9 6 5 7 11 3 13 4 140 14 80

2

60 220 40 180 20 160 200 0

Distillation columns-25-tray,

2-12 ft dia., 57% and 68 ft shell heights tot; 0,100 and 300 psig

Fig. 33

0, 0 0

220

~ .fr\

I

280 240 260

W

..0' 200

o'+-'

tf

~_-_+--_+_----1~-_+--_+_-~I_-_+--~C---I_-_+--_+_--1_ 180 I---+--+---I---+--+--'--I---+_c--+---+---+--+-----:!H i ht ~ 95 t

u

o

160 140

1---+--+--1---+--+---1---+--+---+'\1 "'-" . 1---+----+120 I---+----Htt'r-I---+--+---I---- . """""=t---t100 80 apsig

L-J--1~~~~J-~1--f;;;;f:::===t:]=--1--L100psi

60 '----_ __'_ __o

.l..-_--l.. __2 3

...l...-_--L __4 5

....l-_----I __6 7~

....L... __8

~ _ __'_ __9 10

.L._ _

___l. __

..L.__

11

12

13

__J 14

Column dia., ft


2-12 ft dia., 95 and 118 ft shell heights tot; 0, 100 and 300 psig

Fig. 34

122 COSTS OF EQUIPMENT-DATA AND ESTIMATING METHODS

- ~~ -./ ~..0

u 0. 320 '" 440 640 0 360 0 ;;;; 400....: ...

,......Q m ~ ,..,... :::=:::::0 ..... ._----~"""'--

I---

----'o psig

\~

600 160 480 520 280 560 200 240

~ ~ .~

~ ~

t--..

,/./

~

c_-___ -_':.:

//

-

120

o

2

4

6Column dia.,

8 ft

10

12

14


4-12 ft dia., 170 ft shell height tot; 0,100 and 300 psig

Fig. 35

u ....:

.0

360 260 0. 220 0 200 0 t;~ 240 ;;;; 0 100 120 160 140 280 300 340 180 320

P'O.

/

'l.ee

s'l.ee'

",./ /'

>7

'~~s~

e'/

/ //

/1

/'

V/

4

5

15

20

25

30

35

40

Column dia., in.

Packed tower, double bed-25 psi to full vacuum, 5-ft sections, carbon, 304 and 316 steel

Fig. 40


125

.n

ci ....:

u 60 0 ~. 30W

20

50 ~ 40

10

0.1

'---

-'- __

-'-_--L_-'----'_.L.-.L.-J......I

0.5

-'-_..L--'-_--'-_-'---'_"--"--'--'5Size, in.

10

Tower packing-saddle-type

packing made of porcelain; f.o.b. costs on ft3 basis

Fig. 41

2001---+--1-+-I-++-Hf--+--+-++++

0

0 0 u o. ci ~.....:

W

10

..ci

1'---_-'---'-.J.....J.--'-'..J...U'---_'---'--J.......L....L..L..L..U._---'_-'--L-l-.L-L.J...U-_--'-_'--'-'-J....Wu..L._--'----'--'--'-L...I-L..LJ

0.01Air-cooled exchangers-capacities

0.1

1Heat transfer surface,

10 1,000ft2

100

1,000Fig. 42

to 200,000 ft3 transfer area, carbon-steel fins

126

COSTS OF EQUIPMENT-DATA AND ESTIMATING METHODS50 ./ 0 -/ -

('--

,/ - -f--f-II I

/

II

./ /" I

./

.//

,/

;;/

/

/

)~

o o~

0, 10-0 Q)

tleQ) t;"

o u

5

~o

101/,J

5

10 Ie Capacity, 1,000 gpm

.J

50

100

Cooling towers-erected,

capacities to 20,000 gpm water throughput, basin not included

Fig. 43

/ //1/' ///80 70 60 100

~supply waler

Cooting

./

"""I

I I1

I"""

~ ~t,J(

Gtycolsupply

-B

!J

Tank

-

-

0-

III I:

waler

Glycol

Wrtlurn

~

Cooler Cooling

~-

/

90

u..c:i

:3 ....: ..

0

0 0, 0 ~

50

40 o

3

6Capacity, million Btu/h

9

12

Heat exchanger system-based

on cooling 50% ethylene glycol, 1 million to 10 million Btu/h

Fig. 44


127

Feed

4

plant sludges Typical

decolorizationchar kaolin 185 221 605 63 Bauxite Calcined Charcoal 9-31,536 and/or used of ofwastewater used to 3,111 10-9 6-0 Regenerationdescription adsorbant sand 437 14-3 890 16-9 22-3 122 26-9 18-9 1.5-2.5 Bone 121868 375 353 958 506 99 51 621 305 831 87 adsorbant 389 110 269 732 75 1452,053 carbon sludgeoilsofand wastes treatment 449 1,740 4,078 Regeneration 6-12 3-5 1,411Active 286 1,185 964 4,386 andProcess 1,719 2,642 2313,063 Ib/h/ft2 5-10 cellulosic waxes fromcarbon 718 1,385 2,755 Manufacture recalcination-sludge wood 1,969 2003,417 feedappl473tertiaryfor kaolinProductpigmentsludge 1,202 1,705 rates 255 792 2,173 1.9-3.8 176717 547 1,051 1,236 4,740 Calcination 2,907 Foundry 2--4 1,284 3,725 plantsications of 0.0., Limeactivated3,376 2,438 15-25 1,870 1,032 2,402 Limeother 1,432 1,057 2,094 decolorize 1,501 granular bauxite Biological ft-in. for charcoal

Regeneration

of bone char used for Reclamation of foundry

Typical sand

product

rates,

.,..:

W

'" 0 u o. 0 ..,'.D

1,000 600 500 400 800 900 700

300

2004

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Number of hearths

Multiple hearth furnaces-outside

diameters 6 ft to 25 ft 9 in., number of hearths 4-14

Fig. 45

128 COSTS OF EQUIPMENT-DATA AND ESTIMATING METHODS

700 .--------,----,----,--,-...,r--.--.--,.-,-...,------.-----.-------r--.----,-r--,...-" 500Cost ~ Base (1 +Fd

Design type Cylindrical Dowtherm

0 0.33

Design pressure, psi Up to 500 1,000 1,500

Fp

o 0.15 0.20

100------+----b6"=-t--+-:,~'-+-+-H-----+---+1

501------+-7flC---+---+--+-j-+-+-H-----+---+_30 L-

1

..L-__

..L-_..L---...JL-..L---L.--L....L-.l..-

5

10

..l- __Btu!h

..l-_--L._.l..---L.-L-L---.LJ

50

100Fig. 46

Absorbed duty, million

I'

Fired heaters-cylindrical, various steel tubes, absorbed duty 2 million-30 million Btu/h

,

!

6,000 r-----,----,---.---r-.---.-.-,-.,-----,..----,..---,--.,-,----r---r--r-l 5,000 1-----+---+--+--1-+--+--+--+-+-----+---+--+-+-+-+-++-1Cost ~ Base (1 + Fd + Fp) Design type Process heater Pyrolysis Reformer catalyst) (without 0.35Fd -

Design pressure, psi Fp Up to o 0.10 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

o o

0,;:;}1;;'

o u'"

-0+"

u'"

000~=""t.jOOOO

a 00 00 00

~-0

~ u..

1 I------+---+----I~-+~I_+-,JL+-il_----+_,000

500------+----;~-+_'4--+-jI--+-+-H-----+_1300

: 0 : 0 ...I..-__

10

L..-

--L.. _ _

---'-_........J._---'----lc--..L-.L.-L....J

50

100

--L._--l..._--L.........J._L-L-LJ

500

1,000Fig. 47

Absorbed duty, million Btu!h

Fired heaters-box type, various steel tubes, absorbed duty 20 million-200 million Btu/h


129

1,000

- --- .... "'r--- I ..... ....1"0-

I 1"--

-.-

"'-

--...

I

500

ci

~A 100 u 50 8 ~ .~< .ci

N

.......

1010 50

100

500Total filter area, ft2

1,000

5,000

10,000

Filters, pressure-leaf or tubular-carbon steel with stainless steel filtering elements

Fig. 48

8,000

I

I

I

I

~

N

II1,000

c===J c==::JI Itilting

I

~

modern cost engineering

Documents