mont morillon it e

8/10/2019 Mont Morillon It e

1/9

MontmorilloniteFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Montmorillonite

A sample of montmorillonite (unknown scale)

General

Category Phyllosilicates

Smectitegroup

Formula

(repeating unit)

(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2nH2O

Crystal

symmetry

Monoclinic prismatic

H-M symbol:2/m

Space group:C2/m

Unit cell a = 5.17 , b = 8.94 , c = 9.95 ; =

99.54; Z = 1

Identification

Color White, pale pink, blue, yellow, red, green

Crystal habit compact masses of lamellar or globular

microcrystalline aggregates
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-M_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-M_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure#Unit_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mineraly.sk_-_montmor.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure#Unit_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H-M_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyllosilicate


2/9

Crystal system Monoclinic

Cleavage {001} perfect

Fracture Uneven

Mohs

scalehardness

12

Luster Dull, earthy

Diaphaneity Translucent

Specific gravity 1.7-2

Optical

properties

Biaxial (-)

Refractive

index

n= 1.4851.535 n= 1.5041.550 n=

1.5051.550

Birefringence = 0.020

2V angle Measured: 5 to 30

References [1][2][3]

Montmorilloniteis a very softphyllosilicategroup of minerals that typically form in

microscopiccrystals,forming aclay.It is named afterMontmorilloninFrance.Montmorillonite, a

member of thesmectitegroup, is a 2:1 clay, meaning that it has 2tetrahedralsheets sandwiching a

centraloctahedralsheet. The particles are plate-shaped with an average diameter of approximately

onemicrometre.Members of this group includesaponite.

Montmorillonite is a subclass of smectite, a 2:1 phyllosilicate mineral being characterized as having

greater than 50% octahedral charge; its cation exchange capacity is due to isomorphous substitution
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2V_anglehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-HBM-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-Webmin-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-Webmin-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrahedralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-Webmin-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-HBM-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-HBM-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2V_anglehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_system


3/9

of Mg for Al in the gibbsitic plane. In contrast,beidelliteis smectite with greater than 50% tetrahedral

charge originating from isomorphous substitution of Al for Si in the quartz sheet.

Thewatercontent of montmorillonite is variable and it increases greatly in volume when it absorbs

water. Chemically it is hydrated sodium calcium aluminium magnesium silicate hydroxide

(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2nH2O. Potassium, iron, and other cations are common substitutes,the exact ratio of cations varies with source. It often occurs intermixed

withchlorite,muscovite,illite,cookeite,andkaolinite.

Contents

[hide]

1 Cave conditions 2 Uses

o 2.1 Calcined clay productso 2.2 Use in medicine and pharmacology

3 Discovery 4 Lipid organization

5 See also 6 References

Cave conditions[edit]

Montmorillonite can be concentrated and transformed withincaveenvironments. The natural

weathering of the cave can leave behind concentrations ofaluminosilicateswhich were contained

within the bedrock. Montmorillonite can form slowly in solutions of aluminosilicates. High

HCO3concentrations and long periods of time can aid in the formation. Montmorillonite can then

transform topalygorskiteunder dry conditions and to halloysite-10 (endellite)in acidic conditions

(pH 5 or lower). Halloysite-10 can further transform intohalloysite-7 by drying.[4]

Uses[edit]

Structure of montmorillonite

Montmorillonite is used in the oil drilling industry as a component ofdrilling mud,making the mud

slurryviscouswhich helps in keeping the drill bit cool and removing drilled solids. It is also used as

asoiladditive to hold soil water in drought prone soils, to the construction of earthen dams
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beidellite&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beidellite&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beidellite&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_(molecule)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_(molecule)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_(molecule)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorite_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorite_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorite_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookeitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookeitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookeitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Cave_conditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Cave_conditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Useshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Useshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Calcined_clay_productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Calcined_clay_productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Use_in_medicine_and_pharmacologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Use_in_medicine_and_pharmacologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Discoveryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Discoveryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Lipid_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Lipid_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palygorskitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palygorskitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palygorskitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloysitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloysitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloysitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_mudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_mudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_mudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Montmorillonite-en.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drilling_mudhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halloysitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endellitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palygorskitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Montmorillonite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Lipid_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Discoveryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Use_in_medicine_and_pharmacologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Calcined_clay_productshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Useshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#Cave_conditionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cookeitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorite_grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_(molecule)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beidellite&action=edit&redlink=1


4/9

andleveesand to prevent the leakage of fluids. It is also used as a component offoundry sandand

as adesiccantto removemoisturefrom air and gases.

Montmorillonite clays have been extensively utilized in catalytic processes. Catalytic cracking

catalysts have used montmorillonite clays for over 60 years. Other acid based catalysts also utilize

acid treated montmorillonite clays.[5]

Similar to many other clays, montmorilloniteswellswith the addition of water. However, some

montmorillonites expand considerably more than other clays due to water penetrating the interlayer

molecular spaces and concomitant adsorption. The amount of expansion is due largely to the type of

exchangeable cation contained in the sample. The presence of sodium as the predominant

exchangeable cation can result in the clay swelling to several times its original volume. Hence,

sodium montmorillonite has come to be used as the major constituent in non-explosive agents for

splitting rock in natural stone quarries in order to limit the amount of waste, or for the demolition of

concrete structures where the use of explosive charges is unacceptable.[citation needed]

This swelling property makes montmorillonite-containing bentonite useful also as an annular seal or

plug forwater wellsand as a protective liner forlandfills.Other uses include as an anti-caking agent

in animal feed, in paper making to minimize deposit formation and as a retention and drainage aid

component. Montmorillonite has also been used incosmetics.[citation needed]

In a fine powder form, it can also be used as a flocculent in ponds. Tossed on the surface as it drops

into the water, making the water "clouded", it attracts minute particles in the water and then settles to

the bottom, cleaning the water. Koi and Goldfish (carp)then actually feed on the "clump" which can

aid in the digestion of the fish. Sold in pond supply shops.

Sodium montmorillonite is also used as the base of some cat litter products, due to its adsorbent and

clumping properties.[citation needed]

IlliteFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Illite
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leveehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_castinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_castinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_castinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moisturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moisturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moisturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansive_clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansive_clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansive_clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_wellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_wellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_wellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfillshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfillshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfillshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Illite.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmeticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landfillshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_wellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expansive_clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montmorillonite#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moisturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiccanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_castinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levee


5/9

General

Category Mica -Phyllosilicates

Formula

(repeating unit)

(K,H3O)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10[(OH)2,(H2O)]

Strunz

classification

09.EC.60

Dana

classification

71.02.02d.02

Identification

Color Grey-white to silvery-white, greenish-gray

Crystal habit Micaceous aggregates

Crystal system Monoclinic - Prismatic, 2/m

Cleavage {001} Perfect

Mohs

scalehardness

1 - 2

Luster Pearly to dull

Streak white

Diaphaneity Translucent

Specific gravity 2.6 - 2.9
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel%E2%80%93Strunz_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel%E2%80%93Strunz_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel%E2%80%93Strunz_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streak_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streak_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel%E2%80%93Strunz_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickel%E2%80%93Strunz_classificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineral


6/9

Optical

properties

Biaxial (-)

Refractive index

n = 1.535 - 1.570 n = 1.555 - 1.600 n = 1.565 -1.605

References [1][2]

Structure of Illite mica - USGS.

Illiteis a non-expanding,clay-sized,micaceousmineral. Illite is aphyllosilicateor layered alumino-silicate. Its structure is constituted by the repetition of tetrahedronoctahedrontetrahedron (TOT)layers.[3]The interlayer space is mainly occupied by poorly hydrated potassium cations responsible

for the absence of swelling, even though its structure is constituted by TOT layers. Structurally illiteis quite similar tomuscovitewith slightly moresilicon,magnesium,iron,and water and slightly lesstetrahedralaluminiumand interlayerpotassium.The chemical formula is given as(K,H3O)(Al,Mg,Fe)2(Si,Al)4O10[(OH)2,(H2O)],[2]but there is considerable ion substitution. It occurs asaggregates of smallmonoclinicgrey to white crystals. Due to the small size, positive identificationusually requiresx-ray diffractionor SEM-EDS (automated mineralogy)analysis. Illite occurs as analteration product of muscovite andfeldsparinweatheringandhydrothermalenvironments; it maybe a component ofsericite.It is common in sediments, soils, and argillaceoussedimentary rocksaswell as in some low grademetamorphic rocks.The iron rich member of the illite group,glauconite,insediments can be differentiated by x-ray analysis.[3]

The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of illite is smaller than that ofsmectitebut higher than thatofkaolinite,typically around 2030 meq/100 g.

Illite was first described for occurrences in the MaquoketashaleinCalhoun County, Illinois,USA, in1937. The name was derived from its type location in Illinois.[1]

Illite is also called hydromica or hydromuscovite.Brammalliteis a sodium rich analogue. Avalite isachromiumbearing variety which has been described formMt. Avala,Belgrade,Serbia.[4]

Illite crystallinity[edit]Main article:Illite crystallinity
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaceoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaceoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaceoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Webmin-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Webmin-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Webmin-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffractionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffractionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffractionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_mineralogyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_mineralogyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_mineralogyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatheringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatheringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatheringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sericitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sericitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sericitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauconitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauconitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauconitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brammallitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brammallitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brammallitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite_crystallinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite_crystallinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite_crystallinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Illstruc.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite_crystallinityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brammallitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Illinoishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smectitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glauconitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rockshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sericitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatheringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_mineralogyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_diffractionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Webmin-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-USGS-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micaceoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-Mindat-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index


7/9

The crystallinity of illite has been used as an indicator of metamorphic grade in clay-bearing rocksmetamorphosed under conditions betweendiagenesisand low-grade metamorphism.[5]Withincreasing temperature, illite is thought to undergo a transformation intomuscovite.[6]

Albite

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Albite

Albite from Crete, scale = 1 in.

General

Category plagioclase,feldspar,tectosilicate

Formula

(repeating unit)

NaAlSi3O8or Na1.00.9Ca0.00.1Al1.01.1Si3.02.9O8

Crystal

symmetry

TriclinicHM Symbol1

Unit cell a = 8.16 , b = 12.87 , c = 7.11 ; = 93.45,

= 116.4, = 90.28; Z=4

Identification

Color White to gray, blueish, greenish, reddish; may
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-FreyRobinson1999-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-FreyRobinson1999-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-FreyRobinson1999-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E2%80%93M_Symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E2%80%93M_Symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E2%80%93M_Symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E2%80%93M_Symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E2%80%93M_Symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure#Unit_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure#Unit_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Albite_-_Crete_(Kriti)_Island,_Greece.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structure#Unit_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E2%80%93M_Symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%E2%80%93Mauguin_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_formulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tectosilicatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscovitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illite#cite_note-FreyRobinson1999-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagenesis


8/9

bechatoyant

Crystal habit Crystals commonly tabular, divergent aggregates,

granular, cleavable massive

Crystal system TriclinicPinacoidal

Twinning Coomon giving polysynthetic striae on {001} or

{010}also contact, simple and multiple

Cleavage Perfect on {001}, very good on {010}, imperfect

on {110}

Fracture Uneven to conchoidal

Tenacity Brittle

Mohs

scalehardness

66.5

Luster Vitreous, typically pearly on cleavages

Streak White

Diaphaneity Transparent to translucent

Specific gravity 2.60 - 2.65

Optical

properties

Biaxial (+)

Refractive index n= 1.5281.533 n= 1.5321.537 n= 1.538

1.542

Birefringence = 0.010
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatoyanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatoyanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatoyanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streak_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birefringencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_indexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streak_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lustre_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_scale_of_mineral_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fracture_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleavage_(crystal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_habithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatoyant


9/9

2V angle 8590 (low); 5254 (high)

Dispersion r < v weak

Other

characteristics

Low- and high-temperature structural

modifications are recognized

References [1][2][3]

Albiteis aplagioclasefeldsparmineral.It is the sodiumendmemberof the plagioclasesolidsolutionseries. As such it represents a plagioclase with less than 10%anorthitecontent. The purealbite endmember has the formulaNaAlSi3O8. It is atectosilicate.Its color is usually pure white,hence its name fromLatinalbus. It is a common constituent infelsicrocks.

Albite

Albite crystallizes withtriclinicpinacoidal forms. Itsspecific gravityis about 2.62 and it has aMohshardnessof 6 - 6.5. Albite almost always exhibitscrystal twinningoften as minute parallel striationson the crystal face. Albite often occurs as fine parallel segregations alternating withpinkmicroclineinperthiteas a result of exolution on cooling.

It occurs ingraniticandpegmatitemasses, in somehydrothermalveindeposits and forms part of thetypicalgreenschistmetamorphic faciesfor rocks of originallybasalticcomposition.

It was first reported in 1815 for an occurrence in Finnbo,Falun,Dalarna,Sweden.[2]

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has

media related toAlbite.

1. Jump up^http://r
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2V_anglehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2V_anglehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(optics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(optics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Handbook-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Webmin-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Webmin-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endmember_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endmember_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endmember_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microclinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microclinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microclinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegmatitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegmatitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegmatitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenschisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenschisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_facieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_facieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_facieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalarnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalarnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalarnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Mindat-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Mindat-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Mindat-2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albite&action=edit&section=1http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Albitehttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Albitehttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Albitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_ref-Handbook_1-0http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/albite.pdfhttp://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/albite.pdfhttp://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/albite.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Albite2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Albite2.jpghttp://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/albite.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_ref-Handbook_1-0http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Albitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albite&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Mindat-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dalarnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basalthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamorphic_facieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenschisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein_(geology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrothermalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegmatitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granitichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microclinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_twinninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohs_hardnesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gravityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triclinichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_mineralshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorthitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endmember_(mineralogy)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feldsparhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plagioclasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Webmin-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Handbook-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albite#cite_note-Handbook-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(optics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2V_angle

mont morillon it e

Documents