motivation 1. what is motivation? motivation theories –maslow’s hierarchy of needs...
TRANSCRIPT
MotivationMotivation
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• What is Motivation?• Motivation Theories
– Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs– McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
• Tips for Keeping Subordinates Motivated
OverviewOverview
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MOTIVATION: an impulse, emotion, desire or psychological need acting as incitement to action.
Kanfer’s view: motivation is anything that provides:
Webster’s DefinitionWebster’s Definition
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Direction Intensity Persistence
Getting people doing what needs to be done because they want to do it.
Motivation DefinedMotivation Defined
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MOTIVATIONMOTIVATION IS INTERNALIS INTERNAL
• Begins with need
• Action to address need
• Need satisfied
Motivation’s Three StepsMotivation’s Three Steps
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Motivation ChainMotivation Chain
Motivation DefinedMotivation Defined
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Ability DesireReward
• Psychoanalytic – outside influences affect Motivation
• Behaviorist – behavior modification affects motivation
• Human Relations – allowing more individual authority affects motivation
Psychological Schools of ThoughtPsychological Schools of Thought
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Maslow’sMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsHierarchy of Needs
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Supervisory Qualities Enhanced by Supervisory Qualities Enhanced by KnowingKnowing
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- A lower level need must be satisfied before the next higher level becomes important in motivating behavior
And
- Only relatively unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating people
- A lower level need must be satisfied before the next higher level becomes important in motivating behavior
And
- Only relatively unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating people
Maslow’sMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsHierarchy of Needs
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• Clothing
• Food
• Shelter
SurvivalSurvival
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Maslow’sMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsHierarchy of Needs
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SafetySafety
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Physical SafetyPhysical Safety Psychological SafetyPsychological Safety
Home Health Job Retirement
From Harm Insurance Savings
Maslow’sMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsHierarchy of Needs
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BelongingBelonging
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Love
Acceptance
Approval
Warmth
Maslow’sMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsHierarchy of Needs
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Esteem - EgoEsteem - Ego
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•Recognition•Worth•Status•Self-respect
Maslow’sMaslow’s Hierarchy of NeedsHierarchy of Needs
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Personal Growth
Realizing Potential
Self-Fulfillment
Self-ActualizationSelf-Actualization
ReminderReminder
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- A lower level need must be satisfied before the next higher level becomes important in motivating behavior
- Only relatively unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating people
- A lower level need must be satisfied before the next higher level becomes important in motivating behavior
- Only relatively unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating people
McGregor’s Theory X and YMcGregor’s Theory X and Y
McGregor’s Theory XMcGregor’s Theory X
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• People, by nature, don’t like to work
• People lack ambition and must be coerced or forced to work
• People prefer to be told what to do
• People resist change
• People are gullible and not overly intelligent
McGregor’s Theory XMcGregor’s Theory X
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• Hard Approach
– Coercion
– Tight controls over behavior
• Soft Approach• Satisfying People’s Demands
• Achieving Harmony
McGregor’s Theory XMcGregor’s Theory X
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McGregor’s Theory YMcGregor’s Theory Y
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• People may actively seek work instead of avoiding it
• People prefer participative management
• People prefer setting their own goals
• People seek responsibility
• Theory X– External control
– Hard and soft approach
• Theory Y– Internal or self-
control– Environment
approach– Create
opportunities
McGregor’s Theories: A Comparative SnapshotMcGregor’s Theories: A Comparative Snapshot
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• Start with a goal or mission
• Make the task clear
• Match the people with the task
• Remove the roadblocks
• Give positive feedback
Tips for Keeping Tips for Keeping Subordinates MotivatedSubordinates Motivated
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Tips for Keeping Tips for Keeping Subordinates MotivatedSubordinates Motivated
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• Give more responsibility when appropriate
• Let people work independently
• Recognize achievements / contributions
• Don’t make promises you can’t keep
• Be a good role model
• What is Motivation?• Motivation Theories
– Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs– McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
• Tips for Keeping Subordinates Motivated
SummarySummary
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