mri basic physics

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  • 8/18/2019 MRI Basic Physics

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    Empfohlen wird auf dem Titel der Einsatz eines vollflächigen

    Hintergrundbildes (Format: 25! " #$%5 cm&:' ild auf )aster platzieren (*+, -, #!!dpi&

    ' ild in den Hintergrund legen Confidentiality notice / Copyright notice

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    For internal use only / Copyright Sie!ens AG "##$% All rights reser&ed%

    MRI 'asic

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Magnetivitas

    ++

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Tubuh )anusia tersusun atas

    atom.atom (terutama Hidrogen&

    4ang berputar pada sumbun4a

    +utaran ini menimbulan medan

    magnet

     rah dari atom.atom ini tida

    searah sehingga saling

    meniadaan medan magnet satusama lain

    Magnetivitas Manusia

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    +age ! *an.%/

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

     Atom dalam Medan Magnet External I 

    N

    S

    Ato! a(an )ergera( searah atau )erla*anan

    arah dengan arah !edan !agnet e(sternal

    +'#,

    Searah - .o* Energy State

    'erla*anan Arah - igh Energy State

    Searah 0 'erla*anan arah

    1eadaan ini dina!a(an Magnetivitas

    Longitudinal 

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Magnetivitas Longitudinal 

    N

    S

    N

    S

    6

    78

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Pengaruh Gelombang RF 

    N

    S

    2e!aparan gelo!)ang RF a(an

    !e!)uat Ato! 3 ato! !ela(u(an

    2recession dengan Fre(uensi sesuai

    hu(u! .ar!or 4

    5# - 6 7 '#

    'e)erapa ato! a(an !engala!i

    (ele)ihan energi dan pindah (e High

    Energy State

    1eadaan ini yang dise)ut dengan 

    Magnetivitas Transversal 

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Freuensi !"erasional MRI 

    . Fre(uensi .ar!or - Fre(uensi Operational dari Siste! MRI

      ontoh :

      % ; %

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Magnetivitas Transversal 

    N

    S

    N

    S

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    6

    7

    8

         N

    S

    7

    8

    6

    N

    S

    .ongitudinalMagneti;ation

    Trans&erseMagneti;ation

    Esitasi  

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Esitasi2eru)ahan dari Magneti&itas .ongitudinal !en=adi Magneti&itas Trans&ersal

    (arena proses pe!aparan terhadap gelo!)ang RF +Radio Fre>uency,

    Sudut yang ter)entu( saat proses E(sitasi dina!a(an dengan Flip Angle / FA

    Sela!a (eadaan !agneti&itas Tran&ersal? (arena (ele)ihan energi yang diala!i

    ato!

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Relasasi  dan Resonansi  

    Adalah proses (e!)alinya ato! (e (eadaan a*al +E>uili)riu!, pada

    Magneti&itas Tran&ersal dan Magneti&itas .ongitudinal

    2roses (e!)ali (e e>uili)riu! ini !e!a(an *a(tu

    Ba(tu Rela(sasi Tran&ersal dise)ut dengan T" sedang(an Ba(tu Rela(sasi.ongitudinal dise)ut dengan T8

    Sela!a proses ini ato! yang (ele)ihan energi a(an !elepas(an energinya

    Energi yang dilepas(an a(an ditang(ap se)agai Resonance Signal yang

    a(an di (odifi(asi !en=adi data ga!)ar 

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Relasasi 

    T" Ti!e

    T8 Ti!e

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Relasasi Tranversal 

    Rela(sasi Tran&ersal adalah proses )eru)ahnya

    arah gera(an ato! pada )idang tran&ersal dari

    hanya satu phase (e!)ali (e phase a*alsa!)il !elepas energi +2roses de phase,

    Ba(tu Rela(sasi Tran&ersal dise)ut dengan T"

    T" - Ba(tu yang di)utuh(an untu( !ela(u(an

    de phase hingga D dari nilai a*alnya

    T" adalah Tissue Specific +)er)eda untu( tiap

     =aringan,

    T" =auh le)ih cepat dari T8

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    Transverse)agnetization ()87&

    Time

    Echo A

    Echo 'D M7y

    Tissue '

    Tissue A

    T" A T" '

    T2 Tissue -ela"ation

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Transversemagnetization

    Time

    TE

     )"4

    T2 Tissue -ela"ation

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    Time

    Short T2 TissueLong T2 Tissue

    T# $ontrast 

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Time

    Short T2 TissueLong T2 Tissue

    .ong TE

    T2 @eighted Amage

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    TE ; 28 msec TE ; 90 msec TE ; 230 msec

    TR ; 3000 msec

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Relasasi Longitudinal 

    N

    S

     

    6

    78

    Rela(sasi .ongitudinal adalah proses

    (e!)alinya !agneti&itas (e arah su!)u setelah tere(sitasi (e tran&ersal sa!)il !elepas

    energi

    Ba(tu Rela(sasi .ongitudinal dise)ut dengan

    T8

    T8 - Ba(tu yang di)utuh(an untu(!enge!)ali(an $ !agneti&itas longitudinal

    T8 adalah Tissue Specific +)er)eda untu( tiap

     =aringan,

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Bongitudinal)agnetization ()z&

    Time

    T8 Tissue Rela7ation

    Tissue '

    Tissue A

    T8 A T8 '

    $ M;

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    Time

    Short T1 Tissue

    Long T1 Tissue

    T% $ontrast 

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

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    Time

    Short T1 Tissue

    Long T1 Tissue

    T% &eighted Image

    Short TR

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

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    TR ; 150 msec TR ; 500 msec TR ; 1500 msec

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    Kontras Gambaran dan Waktu Relaksasi 

    TE

    TR

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    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    #2% . /%

    !% . #%

    3%% . ?%% #5%% . !%%%

    TR  (msec)

    TE   (msec)

    Poor contrast

    Poor S/N

    Poor contrast

    Poor S/N

    T"

    2roton ensityT8 H

    Kontras Gambaran dan Waktu Relaksasi 

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    Kontras Gambaran dan Jumlah Proton

    *umlah +roton HC dalam Daringan

    menentuan Dumah signal echo

    *aringan dengan Dumlah proton HC 

    lebih ban4a aan menghasilan

    signal Echo 4ang lebih besar 

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

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    , 0 - i 0 1 t t th

    T% &eighted Image

    MAGNETIC RESONANCE

    < Short TE 4 2er)edaan Signal dari T" tissue Rela7ation (ecil

    < Short TR 4 2er)edaan Signal dari T8 Tissue Rela7ation 'ESAR

    T# &eighted Image

    < .ong TE 4 2er)edaan Signal dari T" tissue Rela7ation 'ESAR

    < .ong TR 4 2er)edaan Signal dari T8 Tissue Rela7ation (ecil

    Proton 'ensity 

    < Short TE 4 2er)edaan signal dari T" tissue Rela7ation (ecil. .ong TR 4 2er)edaan Signal dari T8 Tissue Rela7ation (ecil

    < 2er)edaan 1ontras ditentu(an oleh =u!lah 2roton  pada =aringan