msum ch1 concepts.pptx

Introduction to MATLAB concepts Georg Fries

Georg Fries Modelling and Simulation using MATLAB

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What is MATLAB? MATLAB is an interactive system for numerical computation, programming,

and visualization. MATLAB can be used for a wide range of applications, i.e. digital signal

processing, image processing, robotics, control engineering, financial computing, or computational biology.

The built-in tools and math functions enable you to solve complex numerical problems in a fraction of the time required when using traditional programming languages such as Java or C++ .

With its relatively simple programming concept, MATLAB can be easily extended to create scripts and new functions.

You can import and export your data for analyzing and visualizing. Please use the latest version to avoid compatibility issues!


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Command Window

Georg Fries Modelling and Simulation using MATLAB Georg Fries Modelling and Simulation using MATLAB


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Fundamental MATLAB Data Types Name% Descrip,on% Use%double,%single%%

Floa%ng(Point,Numbers, Use,for,frac%onal,numeric,data, Double,and,single,precision, Default,numeric,type,in,MATLAB,

int8,%int16,%%int32,%int64%

Integers, Use,for,signed,whole,numbers,(integers), 4,sizes:,8,,16,32,and,64,bits,

uint8,%uint16,%uint32,%uint64%

Unsigned,Integers, Use,for,unsigned,whole,numbers,(integers), 4,sizes:,8,,16,32,and,64,bits,

char% Characters,and,Strings, Data,type,for,text,,for,mul%ple,strings,,use,cell,arrays,logical% Logical,Opera%ons, Use,in,rela%onal,condi%ons,or,to,test,state,,

Two,values:,true,or,false,func,on%handle% Func%on,Handles, Pointer,to,a,func%on,table% Tables, Container,for,mixed(type,,column(oriented,data,struct% Structures, Fields,store,arrays,of,varying,classes,and,sizes,cell%% Cell,Arrays, Cells,store,arrays,of,varying,classes,and,sizes,

Reference:,hUp://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab,


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Array and Matrix Arithmetic Operators Operator% Name% Comments%%%+%%,(plus), array,and,matrix,addi%on, C,=,A+B,,:,,adds,A,and,B,%%B,,,,(minus), array,and,matrix,subtrac%on, C,=,A(B,,,:,,subtracts,B,from,A,%.*%%%(%mes), array,element-wise multiplication C,=,A.*B,:,,is,the,element(by(element,product,of,A,and,B,,,*,,,(m%mes), matrix,mul%plica%on, C,=,A*B,,:,,is,the,linear,algebraic,product,of,matrices,A,and,B,%./%%%(rdivide), array,right,division, A./B,,,,,,,,:,,is,the,matrix,with,elements,A(i,j)/B(i,j),,,/%%%(mrdivide), matrix,right,division, x,=,B/A,,,:,,is,the,solu%on,of,the,equa%on,xA,=,B,%.\%%%(ldivide), array,le^,division, A.\B,,,,,,,,:,,is,the,matrix,with,elements,B(i,j)/A(i,j),%%\%%%(mldivide), matrix,le^,division, x,=,A\B,,,:,,is,the,solu%on,of,the,equa%on,Ax,=,B,%.^%%(power), array,element(wise,power, A.^B,,,,,,,,:,,is,the,matrix,with,elements,A(i,j),to,the,B(i,j),power,,,^,,(mpower), matrix,power, A^B,,,,,,,,,:,,is,A,to,the,power,B,,if,B,is,a,scalar,%.'%%%(transpose), array,transpose, A.',,,,,,,,,,,,:,,is,the,array,transpose,of,A.,%'%%%%(complex conj. transpose)

matrix,transpose, A',,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,is,the,linear,algebraic,transpose,of,A,,



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Relational Operators Name% Descrip,on%

==%%(eq)% A,==,B,returns,a,logical,array,with,elements,set,to,logical,1,(true),where,arrays,A,and,B,are,equal, Otherwise,,it,returns,logical,0,(false),, Compares,both,real,and,imaginary,parts,of,numeric,arrays,

~=%%(ne)%%

A,~=,B,returns,a,logical,array,with,elements,set,to,logical,1,(true),where,arrays,A,and,B,are,not,equal, Otherwise,,it,returns,logical,0,(false),, Compares,both,real,and,imaginary,parts,of,numeric,arrays,

%>%%%(gt)% A,>,B,returns,a,logical,array,with,elements,set,to,logical,1,(true),where,A,is,greater,than,B, Otherwise,,it,returns,logical,0,(false),,;,,Compares,only,the,real,part,of,numeric,arrays,,

%=,B,returns,a,logical,array,with,elements,set,to,logical,1,(true),where,A,is,greater,than,or,equal,to,B, Otherwise,,it,returns,logical,0,(false),,;,,Compares,only,the,real,part,of,numeric,arrays,


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Logical Operators Name% Descrip,on%&%(and), A,&,B,,performs,a,logical,AND,of,the,input,arrays,A,and,B,and,returns,an,array,containing,

elements,set,to,either,logical,1,(true),or,logical,0,(false),, An,element,of,the,output,array,is,set,to,1,if,all,input,arrays,contain,a,nonzero,element,at,that,

same,array,loca%on;,otherwise,,that,element,is,set,to,0,

~%(not), ~A,performs,a,logical,NOT,of,input,array,A,,and,returns,an,array,containing,elements,set,to,either,logical,1,(true),or,logical,0,(false),,

An,element,of,the,output,array,is,set,to,1,if,the,input,array,contains,a,zero,value,element,at,that,same,array,loca%on;,otherwise,,that,element,is,set,to,0,

|%%(or)%% A,|,B,performs,a,logical,OR,of,the,input,arrays,A,and,B,and,returns,an,array,containing,elements,set,to,either,logical,1,(true),or,logical,0,(false),,

An,element,of,the,output,array,is,set,to,1,if,any,input,arrays,contain,a,nonzero,element,at,that,same,array,loca%on;,otherwise,,that,element,is,set,to,0,

xor% C,=,xor(A,,B),performs,an,exclusive,OR,opera%on,on,the,corresponding,elements,of,arrays,A,and,B,The,resul%ng,element,C(i,j,...),is,logical,true,(1),if,A(i,j,...),or,B(i,j,...),,but,not,both,,is,nonzero,



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Control Flow Name% Descrip,on%if%%elseif%%else, Execute,statements,based,on,a,specied,logical,condi%on,for% Execute,statements,for,a,xed,number,of,%mes ,,switch%%case%%otherwise, Switch,among,several,cases,based,on,expression ,,while% Repeat,execu%on,of,statements,while,condi%on,is,true,try%%catch, Execute,statements,and,catch,resul%ng,errors ,,break% Terminate,execu%on,of,a,for,or,a,while,loop,,con,nue% Pass,control,to,the,next,itera%on,of,a,for,or,a,while,loop,end% Terminate,block,of,code,pause% Halt,execu%on,temporarily,return% Return,to,the,invoking,func%on,



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Control Flow Selection statements, that enable us to make choices as to whether

statements are executed or not during run time

if statement switch statement

Loop control statements, that allow us to repeatedly execute a block of code for loop while loop


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if statement if condition action end

if condition_1 action_1 elseif condition_2 action_2 else action_n end

The if statement evaluates the condition, and executes the following action if the condition is true

elseif and else are optional they execute actions only when previous

conditions are false!

An if block can include multiple elseif statements

The if statement requires the end keyword



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if statement example clc % generate a random integer number between 1 and 1000 a = randi(1000) % check the size % include alternate choices, using elseif or else. if a > 500 disp('The number is large, it is greater than 500') elseif a > 100 disp('The number is greater than 100 and smaller than 501') else disp('The number is small') end


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if statement example clc % generate a random integer number between 1 and 1000 a = randi(1000) % check the size % include alternate choices, using elseif or else. if a > 500 disp('The number is large, it is greater than 500') elseif a > 100 disp('The number is greater than 100 and smaller than 501') else disp('The number is small') end


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switch statement switch switch_expression case case_expression1 action_1 case case_expression2 action_2 ... otherwise action_n end

A switch block conditionally executes one set of actions from several choices

Each choice is a case An evaluated switch_expression is a scalar or string An evaluated case_expression is a scalar, a string,

or a cell array of scalars or strings The switch block tests each case until one of the

cases is true When a case is true, MATLAB executes the

corresponding actions, and then exits the switch block!



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switch statement example % Check if it is Weekend % Get the day of the week in the variable dayString [dayNum, dayString] = weekday(date, 'long', 'en_US');

switch dayString case 'Saturday' disp(dayString) disp('Hi - tomorrow is Sunday!')

case 'Sunday' disp(dayString) disp('Hi - it is Sunday, enjoy your weekend')

otherwise disp(dayString)

disp('Hi - sorry you have to work today!') end


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for loop for index = values program statements : end

A for loop executes one or more statements in a loop values has one of the following forms: initval:endval

increments the index variable from initval to endval by 1 and repeats execution of program statements until index is greater than endval

initval:step:endval increments index by the value step on each iteration, or

decrements when step is negative

valArray creates a column vector index from subsequent columns of

array valArray on each iteration



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for loop example % plotting an animated cosine % Using drawnow in a loop causes the display % to update while the loop executes: clc x = 0:pi/100:2*pi; y = cos(x); h = plot(x,y,'YDataSource','y'); % use a step of 0.01 on each iteration for k = 1:0.01:5 y = cos(x.*k); refreshdata(h,'caller') drawnow end


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while loop while expression action end

A while loop repeatedly executes an action in a loop as long as an expression remains true

An evaluated expression is true when the result is nonempty and contains all nonzero elements (logical or real numeric). Otherwise, the expression is false

Expressions can include relational operators (such as < or ==) and logical operators (such as &&, ||, or ~)

MATLAB evaluates compound expressions from left to right, adhering to operator precedence rules



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while loop example clc % Find the first integer n for which factorial(n) is a 52-digit number n = 1; nFactorial = 1; while nFactorial < 1e51 n = n + 1; nFactorial = nFactorial * n; end % echo n and nFactorial disp('The first integer n for which factorial(n) is a 52-digit number is:') n nFactorial

adopted,and,modied,from,hUp://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab,


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while loop example clc % Find the first integer n for which factorial(n) is a 52-digit number n = 1; nFactorial = 1; while nFactorial < 1e51 n = n + 1; nFactorial = nFactorial * n; end % echo n and nFactorial disp('The first integer n for which factorial(n) is a 52-digit number is:') n nFactorial

msum ch1 concepts.pptx

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