Muslim CivilizationCh.10

The Rise of Islam• Explain how Muhammad became God’s messenger?

• What is Yahtrib?

• What is hijra?

• Yahtrib was renamed ____________

• Community of Muslims = ___________

• Identify what occurred in Mecca 630 ?

Teachings of Islam• Sacred text – quran• Muslims believe God sent other prophets including

_____________________________________________• Quran emulates honesty, _____________________• Mosque?• Explain the five pillars of Islam ( duties).• What is a hajj?• Jihad?• Muslims, Christians, and Jews __________ the SAME God. • _______ is God’s final and complete revelation.

Islam a Way of Life• Both a religion and a way of life• Sharia?• How did islam affect Muslim women?

Building a Muslim Empire• Abu Bakr (caliph) takes over – “ If you worship Muhammad,

Muhammad is dead. If you worship God, God is alive.”

• How did Mulsims overcome early challenges to Islam?

Divisions emerge within Islam

• Both believed a pious male Muslim from Muhammad’s tribe should lead (caliph)• Both believe in the Quran, Allah, and five pillars of Islam• Differ in religious practice, law, and daily life

• Sufis - ?

Umayyad Caliphs Build and Empire• Umayyad – caliphate dynasty of Sunni Caliphs the ruled

Muslim Empire until 750• Expanding the Muslim Empire• List the reasons for Muslim Success.• Explain the treatment of the conquered people in Muslim

land.• List the events that led to decline of the Umayyad Caliphate

Spread of Islam

Muslim Empire Declines• What caused the Abbasid dynasty to decline?

Muslim Civilization’s Golden Age• Social and Economic Advances• International trade network• Highly favored goods• Agriculture thrives• Slavery and social structure

• Social mobility –

What business practices were pioneered by merchants in Muslim lands?

Muslim Art, Literature, and Architecture• Poetry and tales of adventure• Calligraphy

Muslims seek knowledge• Centers of learning• Philosophy and history • Ibn Rushd• Ibn Khaldun

• Mathematics• Al – Khwarizmi – Algebra

• Medicine• Muhammad al –Razi • Ibn Sina

India’s Muslim Empires• What changes did Muslim rule bring Indian government and

society?

Muslims and Hindus Clash• Describe the relationship between Muslims and Hindus.

• Describe how Muslim and Hindu cultures blended.

Mughal India• Babur – descent of Genghis Khan and Tamerlane. Military genius,

poet, and author. Set up Mughal dynasty

• Akbar• Won support through ___________• Opened up jobs to ____________• Ended ____________• Married a Hindu princess• Paid officials• Modernized army,• Encouraged international trade• Standardized weights and measurses• Land reforms

• Nur Jahan – • Shah Jahan – Taj Mahal

The Ottoman and Safavid Empires• Who are the Ottomans?

• Explain how the Byzantine empire fell to the Ottomans.

• What technology and techniques enabled suleyman to extend ottoman rule?

Ottoman Culture• Explain how the class breakdown of the Ottoman empire.• Janizaries – • List the factors that led to the decline of the Ottomans.

Safavid Empire• Safavid- Shiite Muslims who enforced their belief• Explain how Shah Abbas revived the glory of ancient Persia?• List the factor(s) that led to the decline of the empire.