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KWL CHART

Let’s talk about your KWL chart you did for homework.

EXPLORE THE TIMELINE

Copy the timelineWhen and where was Muhammad born?What was the hegira, and when did it take

place?When did Ghana emerge as a major

trading empire?What even happened in North America in

1000?

ORIGINS OF ISLAM

Read “The Inside Story” on page 257Summarize in your notesWhat happened???

THE ARABIAN PENINSULA

ARABIAN PENINSULA

Bedouins-nomadic Arab peoples, moved herds between scattered oases

ARABIAN PENINSULA

Farming was limited, but coastal towns flourished-Why??

Trade flourished!Mecca was one of these towns.

MECCA

What influence may his early years as a trader have had on Muhammad and his ideas?

MAP IT!

Mecca Syrian DesertMedina Nafud DesertRiyadh (capital)Red SeaPersian GulfMediterranean Sea

SIGNIFICANCE OF MECCA

Also a religious center…….the Kaaba was/is there

The Kaaba and pre-Islamic Mecca - YouTube

570 Muhammad ibn Abd Allah-Muhammad

Both parents died so he was raised by his uncle-Abu Talib-a powerful clan leader

MUHAMMAD

MerchantMarried-older widow

named Khadijah-who he had worked for

6 children-all but 1 daughter (Fatimah) died young

MUHAMMAD

How did being a merchant influence his thinking????

Met followers of Judaism and Christianity-what did this probably mean?

Muhammad was religious

MUHAMMAD

MUHAMMAD

610-what happened?

THE REVELATIONS

• Allah is the one & only true & all-powerful God

• Instructions on how to live to please Allah & live in paradise after death

• Why did some powerful Meccans not accept his teachings???

• After his uncle died in 619, he had to flee Mecca

• Moved to Yathrib, which would be calledMedina (“the Prophet’s city”),in 622

HOW DID MECCANS RESPOND?

MUHAMMAD’S JOURNEY

• The hegira-Muhammad’s journey from Mecca to Medina-622

• Islamic calendar-marks year 0 • Severs ties with Judaism Turns prayer from

Jerusalem to Mecca Hegira

• Muhammad then spent 10 yrs converting followers to Islam

• Islam means “achieving peace through submission to God”

• Islam comes from the Arabic root word “salam” meaning “peace” and “submission”

ISLAM

• Muslims were/are followers of Islam

• # of Muslims grew rapidly as Muhammad preached

MUSLIMS

CONTROLLING MECCA

• Meccans fought w/ Muhammad & his followers

• Why? Clans!• By 630, Muhammad controlled

Mecca and now a political force

• His influence in the western part of the Arabian peninsula was unmatched

Muhammad could not read or write

He recited his revelations from God

Followers memorized the words & some wrote them down

BASIC IDEAS OF ISLAM

Those writings-direct revelations from Allah (God)-collected into the Qur’an-the sacred text of Islam

QU’RAN

FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM

Five basic acts of worship that are central to Islam & that Muhammad fulfilled himself

FIRST PILLAR

Profession of faith-witnessing“There is no god but God (Allah), and

Muhammad is the messenger of God.”

Denies other polytheism & states Muhammad was human-prophet, not a deity

SECOND PILLAR

Performance of five daily prayers-always facing Mecca

THIRD PILLAR

Charity-giving to the poor or other needy people

FOURTH PILLAR

Fasting-going without food or water-from dawn to dusk during the month of Ramadan

WHAT IS RAMADAN?

What is Ramadan? An Explanation by Yusuf Islam – YouTube

Thursday, July 19, 2012, - Saturday, August 18, 2012

July 9, 2013 - August 7, 2013

Muslims learn self-discipline, empathy, thankfulness, etc.

FIFTH PILLAR

Pilgrimage-journey-to Mecca (if physically & financially able!)-called the hajj

Pilgrims gather in the city’s mosque-Muslims’ place of worship

HAJJ

Walk seven times around the KaabaWalk to nearby Mount Arafat-where

Muhammad is said to have delivered his last sermon

GUIDELINES FOR BEHAVIOR

Some are……No porkNo alcoholNo murder, lying, or stealingJihad-”struggle for the faith”Let’s talk about Jihad………….

Sunna-”tradition”-record of Muhammad’s behavior & teachings

Provides guidelines on relationships, business dealings, & religious practice

Hadith-each individual report on Muhammad’s actions

More on Hadiths

THE SUNNA

SHARIA LAW

ISLAM

Monotheistic-there is ONE godAllah-God in the Jewish & Christian

traditionsAbraham, Moses, & Jesus were prophets-

and Muhammad saw himself as the last of God’s prophets-giving the final, most perfect fulfillment of God’s words-God’s final message in the Qur’an

PEOPLE OF THE BOOK

Muslims are taught to respect Jews and Christians as “people of the book” because they share the tradition of prophets who taught and received revelation from God (Allah).

HOMEWORK

Read the “Sacred Texts: The Qur’an” and answer the “Analyze” question