my saraswati delivers education as a service (eaas) on cloud

Simplifying education, simplifying life

My Saraswati Delivers

Education as a Service (EaaS)

on Cloud

Mahesh Khera, AVG Technologies, US

founder KTMT, DINCU and My Saraswati

KTMT Vision

Help the world become knowledgeable, healthy and safe


My Saraswati

Democratization of Live Classroom Teaching

• Introduction

• Concept

• Innovation

• System requirements of My Saraswati

• Real time live prototype

• Value Proposition


My Saraswati - Introduction

• 240 million students are enrolled in schools and 140 million are

left out

• I dia s GER is 12.6 % which is lower than the ASEAN countries.

Average GER of developed countries is 40 %, US is 50 %

• India scored second last position (74 out of 76) in Program for

International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009 sending a chilling

alarm that we need an urgent education revolution

• Education industry is expected to grow continuously between

30 - 35 %

• Recession has virtually no effect on the education spend –

shows parents of all classes want to educate their children

Contd…


My Saraswati - Introduction

• India needs a minimum of 200,000 schools and 1500 varsities

• My Saraswati aimed at delivery of all kinds of education, i.e.,

primary, middle, secondary, college, university, certificate

courses, tuition, coaching etc supporting RTE Act

• My Saraswati is agnostic to education domain, science, arts,

medicine, engineering and so on

• My Saraswati is built around best features of regular, distance

learning and on-line programs

• My Saraswati is an ultra low cost, high quality and easily

affordable real time, on-line, interactive education delivery

service on cloud through video based live virtual class rooms, is

language agnostic and very simple to use by both teachers and

students


• My Saraswati is a real time, live, on-line education delivery

service on cloud - students take classes and interact with

teacher any time any where live

• Select teacher of your choice and study from the best teacher

• Select subject(s) ; provision for discount on subject bouquets

• Get best on-line, live, interactive class room teaching at your

home or even traveling, like in metro

• Never miss a class ; have access to the class content any time

• Study on smart phone, tablet, lap top, PC or connected TV

• Save time save money ; study more pay less

Contd…

My Saraswati – Concept for Students


My Saraswati Classroom

• 256 kbps Internet makes My Saraswati ubiquitous – 512 kbps

recommended, 2 Mbps best

• Teacher gives real life class room experience student takes class

as if in a physical class room

• Raise hand feature available to ask questions

• View teacher in video as seen in class, real time, live writing on

board, explaining a theorem or a topic, giving a presentation,

annotating a presentation

• Teacher tests real time class assimilation by students

Contd…



• Chat enables students to write questions meant for teacher

• While teacher explains as also writes on board, it is seen and

heard in real time by students on their PCs

• If not near My Saraswati PC at the time of the class, attend the

same on smart phone or tablet and continue on bigger screen

when accessible

• 24*7 help line open for clearing doubts on usage of platform

• Free trial available

• SMS or Whats App alerts for any special program or changes in

class schedule

Contd…


• My Saraswati classroom goes to students and teachers rather

than students and teachers coming to the class room

• My Saraswati classroom has an unlimited geographic coverage

• No theoretical limit to the number of students who attend My

Saraswati class at a time; up to 1000 students can study same

subject at same time from same teacher

• Teachers teach many more subjects to many more students in

least cost and far less time


Contd…



• Use very friendly long life cost effective interactive white board

or panel or tablet or a simple digital blue tooth pen with high

tech multi colored digital pens and duster

• Annotate presentations or class content

• Give time bound assignments

• Get alerts of students who do not submit assignments on time

• Recording of class content possible

Contd…



• Control My Saraswati class through easy to use features to

address students raise ha d for Qs, logically close the answer

through lower ha d , mute/un mute students and FIFO easy

options to answer doubts and questions

• Test learning of lessons by asking student to come to the board

and explain what has been taught

• Test learning by creating a snap question/poll and seeking

answers from students instantaneously

• Club common question of multiple students and answer once

as done in a physical class room



Value for Parents • Parents in a position to see for themselves that their children

are getting necessary guidance even after school/college hours

• Parents value guidance from experienced recognized faculty

higher than tuition centers

• Parents prefer high quality extra classes rather than sending

their children to the run of the mill coaching or tuition centers

due to saving in time, hazards of traveling and safety and

security issues

• For girls and smaller children, parents get more comfort of

safety to have classes arranged at homes rather than pick up

drop to study centers, late hours

Contd…


My Saraswati – System Requirements

• A multi media PC/lap top/tablet like Akash 2 with audio head

set and mic

• Web cam optional for students though recommended

• A digital tablet/digital panel/smart digital white board/digital

blue tooth pen

• Internet connection of minimum speed 256 kbps

• A web browser for registration with My Saraswati through

www.mysaraswati.com;

• All education application software, video recorder and player

software and IP based NGN software is on cloud

http://www.mysaraswati.com/







My Saraswati Prototype like Uber/Ola Operated for 2 years, 2013-15

Teacher Maths

Ujjain

Student Maths IX

Vijaywada

Student Ph D Scholar

Vijaywada

M Tech Cl 15 students, Bhartiya

Vidyapeeth Univ Pune

Faculty M Tech, Ph D,

US

Education as a Service

delivered through video on

Internet cloud managed by

www.mysaraswati.com

Laptop with

digital tablet and

pens of different colors

Laptop

Laptop

Multi media PC/laptop

Guest speaker Climatology

London

Faculty, Java, Python

Chennai Faculty Python

Kolkata

Laptop, projector, speakers, 2*webcam,

white board, markers, coordinator


My Saraswati – Value Proposition

• Motivation – be the first school/college/institute to take the class room to

students rather than students coming to the class room in off hours

• Enables conduct of education classes, skill development, training through

a real time live vernacular video mode of delivery

• Caters for students who can not attend classes for long so that they never

miss any class

• My Saraswati saves a lot of money and travel time from home to school,

tuition center, distance learning center, coaching center

• Students learn more in less time and less fee

• If school or college is deficient of teachers or faculty or does not have own

experts for some special subjects, qualified experts located any where can

give the classes

• IETE Centers as franchisee of top coaching institutions


My Saraswati – High Level Financial Model

• Class type - +2 integrated 2 years coaching program

• Subjects – Maths, Physics and Chemistry

• Duration – 1 hour per subject every alternate day

• No of students - 12

• Collection per month – 96000/-

• Expenses per month salary, software and cloud services, domain portal

hosting and maintenance, Internet, phone bill and power,

less marketing – 90000/-

• Saving per month – 6000 approx , break even

• No of students – 25

• Collection – 200,000/-

• Expenses including marketing – 160,000/-

• Saving – 40,000


My Saraswati Portal

www.mysaraswati.com



Tha ks…


as an essential G2C service

de ocratizes educatio …

Bandwidth Optimization in Long Term Evolution (LTE) Networks

OUTLINE

•Cellular Progression Till 3G

•Requirement of 4G

•Technologies involved in 4G: OFDM & MIMO

•LTE Architecture

•Requirement of Bandwidth Optimization in LTE Networks

•Bandwidth Optimization Techniques

Cellular Progression till 3G

First Generation

•Introduced in 1990s – AMPS in USA

•Data rates up to 2.4 Kbps

•Only for Voice calls

•Analog Signaling

Second Generation

•Stds: GSM and CDMA by end of 1990s

•Use Digital Signals

•Data rates up to 64 Kbps

•SMS/MMS services enabled

2G Architecture

SIM

MOBILE

DEVICE BTS

BTS

BSC

BSC GMSC

VLR AuC

PSTN

MSC

HLR

Um

BSS

Ab’S Interface

2.5 Generation

•Data services enabled

•Data rates up to 144 Kbps

•GPRS and EDGE are the Stds

Third Generation

•Single Radio Network Controller (RNC) box for handling both voice and data services

•NodeB as Base Stn

•Data rates upto 2 Mbps

Requirement of 4G

•Multi Path Fading degrades Quality in 3G networks

•Data rates are much below promised levels

•Users migrating to Data and Video heavy services, which the 3G networks are not able to handle

•Cellular services not able to compete with wireline networks

Technologies involved in 4G (OFDM and MIMO)

MULTI PATH FADING

• OFDM distributes data over large number of

carriers spaced apart at orthogonal

frequencies

• OFDM has lower multi-path distortion

• In case of fading, in NLOS, OFDM has less BER

compared to SC.

Why OFDM for NLOS?

Single Carrier versus OFDM

Single Carrier versus OFDM during Fading

• Symbol rate not increased in order to achieve high data rates.

• Instead, Available BW broken into many narrower subcarriers

and the subcarriers are modulated according to these

generated symbols .

• These subcarriers then combine linearly and transmit

(OFDM symbol).

OFDM Modulation OFDM demodulation

1 0 1

1

0

1

: Single Carrier Transmission

: OFDM Transmission

t

Single Carrier Transmission

vs OFDM Transmission

Overlapping Subcarriers Spectral Efficiency

Overlapping of Subcarriers in Freq Domain

• Generated by Multiplexing several overlapping subcarriers

and a Cyclic Prefix (CP).

• Cyclic Prefix added to the beginning of the OFDM symbol in

order to eliminate IBI

• At the Receiver CP is removed and only the information

bearing part is further processed .

CP Modulated Subcarriers

OFDM Symbol

�

�

��

�

�

��

What is Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) ?

Spatial Diversity : Signal copies are transmitted at multiple

antennas or received at more than one antenna

Spatial Multiplexing : Transmit independently and

separately encoded data streams over different antennas

� �

� �

Main Transmission Techniques

Significant increase in Spectral efficiency and data rates -

Spatial Multiplexing

High QoS - Spatial diversity

Wide Coverage - Spatial diversity

Why MIMO?

LTE Architecture

For Downlink : OFDM and MIMO

For Uplink : SC - FDMA

Key technologies….

No more Codes

Support for at least 40 MHz Bandwidth

Peak Spectral Efficiencies :

DL : 15 bits/s/Hz (600 Mbps)

UL : 6.75 bits/s/Hz(270 Mbps)

Control Plane Latency < 100ms

User Plane Latency < 10ms

IMT – Advanced Requirements

Rel. 8 LTE EPC/SAE

Rel.9 Location Services

MBMS Multi-

Standard BS

Rel.10 LTE - A Carrier

Aggregation Relays

Rel.11 Enhanced

Carrier

Aggregation

Intra Band

Carrier

Aggregation

Releases of 3GPP Specifications

System Architecture Evolution (SAE)

From G to G…

UTRAN in 3G,

E-UTRAN in 4G

CN in 3G,

EPC in 4G

NodeB in 3G,

E-NodeB in 4G

No RNC as in 3G

RNC tasks performed

by eNodeB and EPC

From 3G to 4G

X2 X2

X2

S1 S1 S1 S1

eNodeB

eNodeB

eNodeB

MME/S-GW MME/S-GW

E-UTRAN

Internet

P-GW

EPC S5

HSS

S6a

MME S-GW

LTE/SAE Network Architecture

LTE SAE Components

eNodeB :

Directly connected to the Core via S1 interface

No RNC as in WCDMA

eNodeBs interconnected via X2 interface

Handovers are handled by eNodeBs it self, communicating via X2 interface

This is an intelligent Node

Evolved Packet Core (EPC) Supports only packet switched domain only

Mobility Management Entity (MME) :

Control Plane Node of the EPC

handling connection/release of bearers to a terminal

handling of IDLE to ACTIVE Transition

handling of security keys

Serving Gateway(S-GW) :

User plane node which connects EPC to E-UTRAN

Acts as a mobility anchor when Terminals move between eNodeBs

Mobility Anchor for other 3GPP technologies (GSM,HSPA)

Collecting information for charging purposes

Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW) :

Connects EPC to the Internet

Allocation of the IP address for a specific terminal

QoS handling

Home Subscriber Service (HSS) :

A database containing subscriber information

Bandwidth (MHz) 1.25 2.5 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0

Subcarrier BW (kHz) 15

PRB BW (kHz) 180

No. of available RBs 6 12 25 50 75 100

Available DL BW and Physical

Resource Blocks (PRBs)

Physical Resource Block (PRB) allocation is done by the

scheduling function in eNodeB

PRB is the smallest element of resource allocation assigned by

the base station scheduler.

Requirement of Bandwidth Optimization

QoS Parameters in Air Interface

• Use to gain Channel Info

• Info is Downlink Channel State

• It is Frequency Domain Packet Scheduling

CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION (CSI)

• Intutive Channel feedback from UE to eNodeB

• Measure of SINR at the UE for a given Sub-Band

• Index of the MCS supported with Bit Error Probability

• eNodeB has info of amount of Throughput supported for each service

CHANNEL QUALITY INDICATOR (CQI)

Requirement of Bandwidth Optimization

• CSI and CQI (QoS parameters) only in the Air Interface between UE and eNodB

• Commercial LTE Core Networks are Heterogeneous in nature and wireless links have limited BW capability

• eNodeB and beyond, LTE Networks are IP based and hence do not have QoS as wireline Networks (ATM, MPLS)

• During Peak Hours congestion in subnets of LTE Networks resulting in Denial of Service

• Requirement to ensure QoS in core LTE Network to avoid packet loss during congestion scenarios

Bandwidth Optimization Techniques

Bandwidth Optimization Techniques

• LTE networks are commercially designed for 40 to 50% of traffic loads

• During peak load conditions the network is unable to handle swelling traffic

• Packets are dropped in these high traffic load conditions

• Results in loss of Priority/Critical Information

• During a natural calamity or emergency the traffic in the circle and neighboring circles is drastically affected

Priority Based Bandwidth Optimization Technique

• Classification of packets for real-time, non-real time and delay tolerant traffic is a necessity

• Prioritization of packets in terms of following should form part of bandwidth optimization technique:

• Number of spans traversed in the network

• Amount of data rate consumed by the packet and

• Quantum of delay tolerated by each service

• Further, prioritization of the packet from the circle of origin may also be crucial at times of emergency/ peak load conditions

• Existing traffic scheduling techniques like Proportional Fair or Max Rate scheduling will not be able to optimize bandwidth in core LTE networks

Conclusion

• User Base increasing in an exponential rate for Cellular Networks

• Existing 3G networks are unable to handle data and video centric user services

• LTE networks are capable to handle such requirements

• As more users are graduating to LTE, future LTE networks will be unable to handle swelling video centric user services

• Priority based traffic scheduling algorithm is imminent to optimize network bandwidth and improve throughput of future LTE networks during overloaded traffic scenarios

Any Questions?

Prof. Narendra Kohli

HOD-CSE(HBTI-KANPUR)

Presented By:

Telemedicine’ is an innovative system of healthcare provision from long distance utilizing the telecommunication and modern information technologies. ◦ The poor infrastructure and facilities of rural

health centers makes it impossible to hold doctors in villages, who feel that they become professionally cut off and outdated if stationed in isolated rural areas. ◦ Telemedicine seems to be the best solution to

these problems as it can bring specialized healthcare to the remotest corners of the country.

2

The National E-Governance Plan of the Government of India is with the vision of providing all services under various government policies at the doorstep of the citizen and at an affordable cost through CSC’s and Village Level Entrepreneur(VLE’s). ◦ Common Services Centers (CSC’s) are multiple-

services-single-point model for providing facilities for numerous connections at a single geographical location.

◦ CSC’s helps in delivery of e-Services of the Government of India to the rural and remotest locations of the country.

3

Minimizing the movement of diseased for superiority treatment.

Reduction in the displacement of specialty medics to attain the patient.

Optimized and efficient use of medical and technological resources.

Effective health care delivery by Cost effective methods.

Enhanced analytic and healing quality of care.

Opportunities for generating Skill development via delivering education and guidance for rural health youth.

4

Telemedicine models are adopted by both government and private agencies and NGO’s. Such models may be implemented by CSC’s all over the country helping their transformation into telemedicine clinics.

5

Village Level Entrepreneurs (VLE’s) into healthcare trainers and workers

Village Level Entrepreneurs are giving birth to new telemedicine clinics. Most of these clinics are taken care by VLE’s .These VLE’s are motivated enough to get trained by themselves or they identify and encourage suitable persons to become skilled healthcare workers.

This first telemedicine models provide secondary or tertiary care to rural areas through connections to smaller hospitals, medical centers and clinics.

In this model, doctors outside of urban centers get access to experts who can read ECGs, provide guidance on complex conditions or provide training for complicated procedures.

6

CSC’s adapting the above model may require a lot of people who have sound knowledge of computer operations and inputting/providing data to rural district trust hospitals and even to specialty hospitals.

Persons involved are paid by the government trust hospitals and even private super specialty hospitals for their work further they can be absorbed and facilitated by government hospitals, NGO’s and private bodies for their experience in carrying out various telemedicine assignments.

7

This model provide primary care services where no licensed doctors are present. Primary care models use a combination of telemedicine and informal providers to connect patients in rural centers to more basic services such as diagnostic testing and prescriptions.

In this network, , these rural clinics rely on local broadband (or mobile) services to provide telemedicine services.

8

CSC’s adapting the above model may require a lot of people who were trained in handling sophisticated equipment’s like telemedicine ECG machines, telemedicine MRI machines.

The primary concern in adapting this model is shortage of qualified trained healthcare workers. This feature of this model helps in making new Skill Development Opportunities.

9

Primary care models use a combination of telemedicine and informal providers to connect patients in rural centers to more basic services such as diagnostic testing and prescriptions.

large workbench of skilled and properly trained healthcare workers are required who can not only handle sophisticated telemedicine equipments but can also able to present the data to the superior health centers in their chain of reporting.

10

These healthcare workers are local men and women who provide access to over the counter medications (vitamins, etc.) and run simple diagnostic tests, rapid pregnancy tests, and provide referral to more specialized clinics.

These persons can be contacted and benefitted by government bodies and NGO’s and experienced may get even better job opportunities in the area of healthcare.

11

In even more rural areas, where individuals live far from hospitals, infrastructure is much more limited, large scale providers are not present, and funding is more difficult to find. These, and other barriers, cause telemedicine in rural regions without hospitals to still be in a development phase but yet it can be looked as a means of employment and skill development in the youth of rural india.

12

my saraswati delivers education as a service (eaas) on cloud

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