myths of data center containment:whats's true and what's not
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Myths of Data Center Containment: What’s True and What’s Not
Lars Strong, P.E., Upsite Technologies
Airflow Management Awareness Month
June 8, 2016
![Page 2: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Why Airflow Management
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 2
Total Load
IT LoadPUE =
Mechanical plant + cooling fans: 35% of total load, 73% of non IT Load
![Page 3: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2002 Uptime Institute Research
Bypass Airflow* 60%
Hot Spots 10%
Cooling Capacity 2.6x
2013 Upsite Technologies Research
Bypass Airflow* 48%
Hot Spots 20%
Cooling Capacity 3.9x
*More accurately, “Raised Floor Bypass Open Area” in today’s terminology.
The State of Airflow Management
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 3
![Page 4: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Raised floor
area (sq ft)
# of running cooling units
Raised floor
bypass open
area (%)
Hot spots (%
of cabinets
)
Cold spots (%
of cabinets) (Data from 6 sites)
Proper perforated tile
placement (%)
Cooling Capacity Factor (CCF)
Averages 7,527 8 48% 20% 35% 77% 3.9Minimum 720 2 13% 0% 0% 7% 1.2Maximum 37,00
040 93% 86% 86% 100% 32.0
Recommended
n/a n/a <10% 0% 0% 100% 1.2Conclusion: Inefficient cooling configuration / airflow management is the problem; capacity is not the problem.
Research
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 4
![Page 5: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Large unsealed cable openings can release ¼ of a cooling units capacity.
Raised Floor Open Area
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 5
![Page 6: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Raised floor openings sealed with KoldLok brush grommets
Raised Floor Open Area
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 6
![Page 7: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
IT Intake Air Temperatures are Paramount
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 7
![Page 8: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Airflow is invisible Cooling capacity is difficult to quantify Mixed messages in the market Vendor influence Lack of education
Why are Myths Prevalent
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 8
![Page 9: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
• Money
• OpEx Savings• CapEx Savings
• Capacity• Cooling Capacity
• IT Reliability
• Green Initiatives• CO2 Reduction
A 4,000 Sq. Ft. data center could reduce its operating expense by $60,000 annually, simply by improving airflow management.
AFM Problems Are an Opportunity
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 9
![Page 10: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
“Containment eliminates bypass airflow”
• Bypass airflow – any conditioned air that does not pass through IT equipment before returning to a cooling unit.
Myth #1
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 10
![Page 11: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bypass Airflow Clarified
Typical existing conditions
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 11
![Page 12: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Bypass Airflow Clarified
After raised floor AFM improvements
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 12
![Page 13: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Bypass Airflow Clarified
With Containment
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 13
![Page 14: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bypass Airflow Clarified
Optimized
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 14
![Page 15: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
“Containment improves efficiency / reduces costs”
• Only true if reduction of hot spots reduce IT equipment fan speeds
• Creates the opportunity to improve efficiency and reduce costs
Myth #2
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 15
![Page 16: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Stranded Capacity of low temperature set pointsLiebert DX Model VH267W 20-Ton Cooling Unit
Environmental Condition
Total(kW)
Latent(kW)
Sensible(kW)
72°F, 45% Rh 67.0 0 67.070°F, 48% Rh 64.5 4.8 59.7Stranded 2.5 4.8 7.3Stranded (%) 4% 11%
Stranded Capacity
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 16
![Page 17: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Stranded Capacity from low temperature set pointsLiebert Chilled Water Model 600C CRAH Unit
Cooling capacity increase from 7°F return air increase
Environmental Condition
Total(kW)
Latent(kW)
Sensible(kW)
72°F, 45% Rh 98.0 0 98.065°F, 45% Rh 70.0 0 70.0Stranded 28.0 0 28.0Stranded (%) 40% 40%
Stranded Capacity
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 17
![Page 18: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
“When containment is deployed, perforated-tile placement doesn’t matter”
•There can be too many perforated tiles or grates in a cold aisles
Myth #3
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 18
![Page 19: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Misplaced/Excessive Supply Tiles
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 19
![Page 20: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
“Containment increases the return air temperature to cooling units”
•Thermostat controls return air temperature
•Same flow rate and heat load so same average delta T
Myth #4
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 20
![Page 21: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bypass Airflow Revealed
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 21
![Page 22: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
“Full containment is essential, partial containment doesn’t work.”
• Doors alone can produce significant benefits• Sealing rack openings can make an impact• A few baffles can eliminate isolated hot spots
Myth #5
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 22
![Page 23: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Full containment didn’t solve intake air temperature problems
Hot and cold spots are still present
Myth #5
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 23
![Page 24: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Rack AFM is crucial to any aisle level solution
Myth #5
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 24
![Page 25: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Rack AFM is crucial to any aisle level solution
Myth #5
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 25
![Page 26: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
No Containment
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 26
![Page 27: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Baffles and Doors
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 27
![Page 28: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Modular Containment
Modular Containment
Cold Aisle Application
Hot Aisle Application
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 28
![Page 29: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Modular Containment
Angled Rack Top Baffles (Cold Aisle)
Adjustable Rack Gap Panel
Vertical Rack Top Baffles (Hot Aisle)
Modular Containment
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 29
![Page 30: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Identify Your Opportunity
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 30
There are two types of computer rooms
1. Those without IT equipment intake air temperature problems
• Improving AFM enables them to be more efficient
2. Those with IT equipment intake air temperature problems
• Improving AFM solves intake air temperature problems (hot
spots and cold spots) and enables them to be more efficient
• More efficient results in: lower OPEX, deferred CAPEX,
increased cooling capacity
![Page 31: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
A metric Upsite Technologies developed to estimate the utilization of computer room cooling infrastructure.
CCF is a ratio of the total rated cooling capacity to estimated heat load.
The Cooling Capacity Factor (CCF)
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 31
![Page 32: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Convert the total rated (stated) cooling capacity to kW, divide by 110% of the IT critical load (kW)
7 – 30 ton cooling units (210 tons) UPS load 235 kW
Total rated cooling capacity (210 tons x 3.52) = 739 kW
110% of the IT critical load (235 x 1.1) = 259 kW
CCF = 2.8 (739/259) Running cooling capacity is 280% of the load
CCF: How It’s Calculated
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 32
![Page 33: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
CCFTons x 3.52 = kWcCooling unit capacityRated capacity at standard conditions (75 deg F, 45%Rh)Capacity goes up with increase in return temperatureCapacity goes down with decrease in return temperature
At 80% fan speed80% airflow volumeOnly 50% of fan energy
Identify Your Opportunity
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 33
![Page 34: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Relationship BetweenFlow rate : Delta T : Heat load
CFM =
q = amount of heat transferredCp = specific heat of airΔT = temperature rise of air across the heat source W = mass flow
CFM = cubic feet per minute of airflow through the server3.16 = factor for density of air at sea level in relation to F⁰ΔT = temperature rise of air through the server in F⁰
q = Cp x W x ΔT
3.16 x W Delta T
Heat Transfer Equation
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 34
![Page 35: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Relationship BetweenFlow rate : Delta T : Heat load
“Blade” servers at 35 F ⁰ ΔT consume 90 CFM / kW
“Pizza box” servers at 20 F ⁰ ΔT consume 158 CFM / kW
UPS load (kW) x CFM/kW = Total IT CFM
Typical IT Cooling Airflow Rates
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 35
![Page 36: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Key Airflow Management Metrics
AFM Metrics
IT Equipment Intake Air Temperature Cooling Capacity Factor (CCF) Raised Floor Open area Supply Tile Placement (perforated tiles and grates) Blanking Panel Utilization Bypass Airflow
![Page 37: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A holistic approach An iterative process ‘Check in’ at the room level
after making any AFM improvements
Watch video at:upsite.com/resources/airflow-management/
Upsite’s 4 R’s of Airflow Management™
© Upsite Technologies, Inc.05/02/2023 37
![Page 38: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
05/02/2023 © Upsite Technologies, Inc. 38
June 15: How IT Decisions Impact Facilities: The Importance of Mutual UnderstandingPresented by Ian Seaton and Lars Strong, P.E.
June 22: The 4 Delta T’s of Airflow ManagementPresented by Lars Strong, P.E.
Register at upsite.com/airflow-management-awareness-month
Upcoming Webinar Schedule
![Page 39: Myths of Data Center Containment:Whats's True and What's Not](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022070520/58f248301a28abdb438b4617/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Thank you!
@UpsiteTech
blog.upsite.com
On LinkedIn
Lars Strong, P.E.Senior Engineer, Upsite [email protected]
Follow Upsite for the latest news and information on data center AFM.