n the beginning

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n the beginning, a difference between hardware and software did not exist. The user and programmer of a computer were one and the same. When the first commercial electronic computer was introduced by IBM in 1952, the machine was hard to maintain and expensive. Putting the price of the machine aside, it was the software that caused the problem when owning one of these computers. Then in 1952, a collaboration of all the owners of the computer got together and created a set of tools. The collaboration of people were in a group called PACT (The Project for the Advancement of Coding techniques). After passing this hurdle, in 1956, the Eisenhower administration decided to put restrictions on the types of sales AT&T could make. This did not stop the inventors from developing new ideas of how to bring the computer to the mass population. The next step was making the computer more affordable which slowly developed through different companies. Then they had to develop software that would host multiple users. MIT computation center developed one of the first systems, CTSS (Compatible Time-Sharing System). This laid the foundation for many more systems, and what we now call the Open Source Movement. [11] The Open Source Movement is branched from the free software movement which began in the late 80s with the launching of the GNU/Linux project by Richard Stallman . [5] Stallman is regarded within the open source community as sharing a key role in the conceptualization of freely shared source code for software development. [5] The term “free software ” in the free software movement is meant to imply freedom of software exchange and modification. The term does not refer to any monetary freedom. [5] Both the free software movement and the open source movement share this view of free exchange of programming code , and this is often why both of the movements are sometimes referenced in literature as part of the FOSS or “Free and Open Software” or FLOSS “Free/Libre Open Source” communities. These movements share fundamental differences in the view on open software. The main, factionalizing difference between the groups is the relationship between open source and proprietary software. Often makers of proprietary software , such as Microsoft , may make

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n the beginning, a difference between hardware and software did not exist. The user and programmer of a computer were one and the same. When the first commercial electronic computer was introduced by IBM in 19!, the machine was hard to maintain and expensi"e. #utting the price of the machine aside, it was the software that caused the problem when owning one of these computers. Then in 19!, a collaboration of all the owners of the computer got together and created a set of tools. The collaboration of people were in a group called #$%T &The#ro'ect for the $d"ancement of %oding techni(ues). $fter passing this hurdle, in 19*, the +isenhower administration decided to put restrictions on the types of sales $T,T could ma-e. This did not stop the in"entors from de"eloping new ideas of how to bring the computer to the mass population. The next step was ma-ing the computer more affordable which slowly de"eloped through different companies. Then they had to de"elop software that would host multiple users. MIT computation center de"eloped one of the first systems, %T.. &%ompatible Time/.haring .ystem). This laid the foundation for many more systems, and what we now call the 0pen .ource Mo"ement.1112The 0pen .ource Mo"ement is branched from the free software mo"ement which began in the late 34s with the launching of the 56789inux pro'ect by :ichard .tallman.12 .tallman is regarded within the open source community as sharing a -ey role in the conceptuali;ation of freely shared source code for software de"elopment.12 The term