THE CONVERSION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE TO ETHANOL

OUR OBJECTIVE

•NO CHIMNEY & NO ODOURS•LOCAL EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME•NO EXPORT OF WASTES OR MONEY•PRODUCTION OF BIO-ETHANOL FOR 250.000 CARS

LAYOUT ACCEPTED FOR HARDENBERG

CLOSED SYSTEM, MINIMUM USE OF LANDFILL, BROAD SPECTRUM APPLICABILITY

GPV AND THE ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS

After the waste has been sorted, paper, biomass and other cellulosic containing materials are processed through a proprietary GPV. The GPV is specially designed to convert celluloses to sacharides by means of a weak acid hydrolysis flow reaction chamber, which is placed 700 m. deep into the ground. The GPV destroys all pathogenic materials and converts cellulosic material to glucose and other saccharides. This solution is cleaned and then fermented to an ethanol solution. The solution is distilled to produce a 96% or 99% ethanol, which will be sold to motor fuel blenders as a fuel supplement. The remaining waste water is digested in anaerobic digesters to produce biogas. The biogas is used to produce steam or electric energy for use in the plant or commercially sold to others.

GPV AND THE ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESS

The primary advance of the GPV technology is that the correct use of the devices will not destroy waste, but convert waste to marketable products. The secondary advance is that CO2 gasses which are released during the fermentation process are largely recycled to carbonic acid and used to convert cellulose to sacharides Moreover, the process has complete control of air emissions, which meets the very high standards of the US Environmental Protection Agency Title V demands as a diminimus emission source.

PARTIAL LIST OF POTENTIAL RAW MATERIALS

•PAPER SCRAPS•NEWS PRINT•MAGAZINE PAPER•OFFICE PAPER•FOOD WASTES•CROP STOVER•CROP CHAFF•SCRAP WOOD•LANDSCAPING DEBRIS•ROAD SWEEPINGS•HARBOUR SKIMINGS•YARD WASTES•CARDBOARD•DILUTE SLUDGE

•SEWER SCREENINGS•SEPTIC WASTES•RESTAURANT WASTES•CROP PROCESSING•GARDEN WASTES•PULP & PAPER WASTES•TREATED WOOD WASTES•COTTON CLOTH•FEED LOT MANURE•FIBRE BOARD•SPENT GRAIN LIQUOR•GRAIN ETHANOL WASTES•EXPIRED FOOD & DRINK•MSW FLUFF

CO2 RECOVERY

Carbon dioxide from fermentation is routinely collected at one atmosphere pressure, then pumped to an elevated pressure and cooled, liquefied and either sold or used for inducing the low pH conditions in the reaction chamber of the GPV. Carbon dioxide collected from breweries is routinely used in the fields of water softening, oil well rejuvenation and the flash freezing of foods for marketing.

The process of hydrolysis is targeted to produce sacharides from conversion of celluloses to sugars and is a net user of CO2 through the weak acid carbonic acid. The required CO2 for the chemical reaction will be recovered from the fermentation of the sugars to ethanol and immobilized. In this way the overall fermentation process emits no CO2 and none of the hazardous methane gasses to atmosphere, that are emitted by landfills and composting sites. The CO2 recovery and reuse in the process should allow for substantial additional commercialization of CO2 rights. .

The carbon dioxide from our system has the same quality specification as that derived from the traditional methods of producing alcoholic beverages. This gas however, is preferred in the market as a renewable product over carbon dioxide produced from hydrocarbon combustion, because it does not contains impurities.

BY-PRODUCTS

From MSW recovered aluminum, ferrous metals and other materials will be sold through normal scrap industry channels. In the process of making ethanol, byproducts as yeast (sold as an animal feed supplement, or used to produce Bio-gas), furfural (an industrial solvent), carbon dioxide and other chemicals are simultaneously produced. These products will be sold in the market.

Bio-Rights process meets or exceeds current environmental standards and may even set new standards for the European mandate to manage waste. It converts waste to products that can be commercialized.

ETHANOL

• WORLD DEMAND EXCEEDS SUPPLY FROM CROPS

• IS NOT A FOSSIL FUEL

•RAW MATERIALS AVAILABLE LOCALLY

•IS A CLEAN BURNING FUEL.

•CAN BE MIXED WITH PETROL AND DIESEL.

•CAN BE USED IN ALL EXISTING ENGINES AT 15% ETHANOL

to 85% PETROL (or DIESEL) WITHOUT MODIFYING THE

ENGINES

• VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS (AS VOLVO AND SAAB) ARE

DEVELOPING A RANGE OF ENGINES TO RUN ON VARIABLE

MIXES OF ETHANOL WITH PETROL (or DIESEL) RANGING

BETWEEN 15% and 85% ETHANOL AS A FOSSIL FUEL

SUBSTITUTE.

• THE EUROPEAN UNION HAS SELECTED ETHANOL AS THE

ALTERNATIVE FUEL TO REFINED FOSSIL FUELS.

ETHANOL