naming and writing formulas for compounds
DESCRIPTION
NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS. OUTLINE. IUPAC BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR ATOMS TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS TYPES SIMPLE COVALENT COMMON NAME IONIC COMPOUNDS SIMPLE IONIC MULTIVALENT POLYATOMIC/COMPLEX HYDRATED IONIC ACIDS. IUPAC. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
![Page 2: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
IUPAC BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR ATOMS TYPES OF CHEMICAL BONDS MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
◦ TYPES SIMPLE COVALENT COMMON NAME
IONIC COMPOUNDS◦ SIMPLE IONIC◦ MULTIVALENT◦ POLYATOMIC/COMPLEX◦ HYDRATED IONIC
ACIDS2
![Page 3: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists
A global organization that sets the standards in chemistry.
One job of the IUPAC is to give compounds SYSTEMIC NAMES.
3
![Page 4: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AKA:ENERGY LEVEL DIAGRAMS
These are a way of drawing atoms in a 2-D manner.
Keep in mind that atoms are actually 3-D, and there are more complex representations of atoms.
Bohr models show the NUCLEUS and the ELECTRON ENERGY LEVELS of an atom.
4
![Page 5: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
3 types of SUBATOMIC PARTICLES ◦PROTONS (p+) Positively charged particles – large mass Atomic Number = Number of Protons
◦ELECTRONS (e-) Negatively charged particles – very small mass Number of Electrons = Number of Protons
◦NEUTRONS (no) Neutral particles – large mass Number of neutrons = Atomic Mass – Atomic Number
5
![Page 6: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
![Page 7: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NUCLEUS◦ center of the atom◦ contains p+ and n0
◦ atomic mass is concentrated here
ELECTRON ENERGY LEVELS◦ areas around the nucleus where electrons may be found◦ 3 LEVELS:
FIRST LEVEL (Closest to Nucleus) maximum of 2 e- SECOND LEVEL maximum of 8e- THIRD LEVEL maximum of 8e-
7
![Page 8: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
EXAMPLE: DRAW BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR:
Li – lithium atom
◦ ATOMIC # = _____________◦ ATOMIC MASS = _____________◦ # p+ = ________________________◦ # e- = ________________________◦ # no = ________________________
8
![Page 9: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
EXAMPLE: DRAW BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR:
Ne – neon atom
◦ ATOMIC # = _____________◦ ATOMIC MASS = _____________◦ # p+ = ________________________◦ # e- = ________________________◦ # no = ________________________
9
![Page 10: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
EXAMPLE: DRAW BOHR DIAGRAMS FOR:
S – sulfur atom
◦ ATOMIC # = _____________◦ ATOMIC MASS = _____________◦ # p+ = ________________________◦ # e- = ________________________◦ # no = ________________________
10
![Page 11: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Do Bohr diagrams for the first 18 elements.
Be sure to:◦ Write in the atomic number
and mass number.◦ Write the name of the atom.◦ Show p+ and n0 in the nucleus◦ Draw electrons in the energy
levels.
11
![Page 12: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
VALENCE LEVEL◦The outermost energy level ◦Electrons in this level are VALENCE ELECTRONS◦Atoms with FULL valence shells are STABLE,
meaning they do not normally react with other atoms.
Which Group???◦Atoms that do not have full electron energy levels
are unstable and must GAIN, LOSE, or SHARE electrons to become stable.
12
![Page 13: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
A chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms.
2 TYPES of Chemical bonds1.COVALENT BONDS
◦AKA: molecular bonds◦“co” – together/sharing , “valent” – outer shell◦Occur when 2 nonmetals share at least 1 pair
of electrons◦Molecules with covalent bonds are NON-
ELECTROLYTES.ie. their solutions DO NOT CONDUCT electric
current
13
![Page 14: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
2. IONIC BOND◦Occur between a metal and a nonmetal◦Metals lose electrons to form CATIONS (+)◦Nonmetals gain electrons to form ANIONS (-)◦Ionic compounds are ELECTROLYTES. ie. their solutions CONDUCT electric current
14
![Page 15: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
![Page 16: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
![Page 17: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Form when 2 or more NONMETALS share electrons in COVALENT BONDS.
2 TYPES:◦BINARY Molecular Compounds◦TRIVIAL NAME Molecular Compounds
17
![Page 18: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Use these IUPAC prefixes:
Number Prefix
1 mono2 di3 tri4 tetra5 penta6 hexa7 hepta8 octa9 nona
10 deca18
![Page 19: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1. Write NAMES of elements, with the 2nd element ending in “-ide”.
2. Use PREFIXES to indicate the number of each atom.
3. Do NOT use the prefix “mono” for the 1st element.DO use “mono” with the 2nd element.
19
![Page 20: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
N2O4 ________________________
P2O5________________________
CCl4 ________________________
S2H2 ________________________
CO ________________________
20
![Page 21: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1. Write ELEMENT SYMBOLS for each element in the compound.
2. Use each PREFIX to write the number of each atom as a SUBSCRIPT next to the symbol
(omit the subscript 1).
21
![Page 22: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
carbon monoxide ____________
triphosphorus pentabromide ____________
sulfur hexafluoride ____________
dicarbon tetrahydride ____________
22
![Page 23: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
AKA: COMMON NAME molecular compounds.
These must be memorized.
FORMULA TRIVIAL/COMMON NAMEO3 ozone
H2O waterH2O2 hydrogen peroxideNH3 ammoniaCH4 methane
CH3OH methanolC2H5OH ethanolC6H12O6 glucose
C12H22O11 sucrose23
![Page 24: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Complete the NEXT THREE SHEETS in your handout for HOMEWORK.
Refer to the following notes for help:◦FIRST SHEET
Given Name, Write Formula Notes
◦SECOND SHEET Given Formula, Write Name Notes
◦THIRD SHEET Everything! Watch out for those common name molecular
compounds!!!
24
![Page 25: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
![Page 26: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
26
![Page 27: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
27
![Page 28: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
![Page 29: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Atoms that are not NOBLE GASES will GAIN, LOSE, or SHARE ELECTRONS to become more stable.
SHARING electrons results in a COVALENT BOND and a MOLECULAR COMPOUND.
When an atom loses or gains electrons it forms an ion.
A ionic bond is a force of attraction between positive and negative ions.
OCTET RULE◦Atoms that have an octet of valence
electrons are STABLE and UNREACTIVE.29
![Page 30: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Cations+
- POSITIVE ions that are formed from a LOSS of electrons.
Cations have more PROTONS than ELECTRONS and therefore has a net POSITIVE charge.
- METALS form cations.
30
![Page 31: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
31
![Page 32: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
anionsreegative
- NEGATIVE ions that are formed from a GAIN of electrons.
Anions have more ELECTRONS than PROTONS and therefore has a net NEGATIVE charge.
- NONMETALS form anions.
Electron Blues
32
![Page 33: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
33
![Page 34: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
METALS◦ ATOMS of METALS will LOSE electrons to become CATIONS.◦ ATOMS with 1, 2, or 3 VALENCE electrons will LOSE these
electrons to form 1+, 2+, or 3+ ions respectively.
◦GROUP 1 ATOMS – ALKALI 1 valence electrons(s) (will lose 1 to become stable) 1 + ion
◦GROUP 2 ATOMS – ALKALINE EARTH 2 valence electrons(s) (will lose 2 to become stable) 2 + ion
◦GROUP 13 ATOMS 3 valence electrons(s) (will lose 3 to become stable) 3 + ion
34
![Page 35: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
NONMETALS◦ ATOMS of NONMETALS will GAIN electrons to become ANIONS.◦ ATOMS with 5,6, or 7 VALENCE electrons will GAIN these electrons to form 3-, 2-,
or 1- ions respectively.
◦ GROUP 15 ATOMS 5 valence electrons(s) (will gain 3 to become stable) 3 - ion
◦ GROUP 16 ATOMS 6 valence electrons(s) (will gain 2 to become stable) 2 - ion
◦ GROUP 17 ATOMS - HALOGENS 7 valence electrons(s) (will gain 1 to become stable) 1 - ion
◦ GROUP 18 ATOMS - NOBLE GASES FULL outer valence levels
35
![Page 36: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
36
![Page 37: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
37
![Page 38: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Made from a METAL and a NONMETAL Metals form CATIONS Nonmetals form ANIONS An IONIC BOND is the force of attraction between cations and anions
(opposite charges attract) Ions are arranged in a CRYSTAL LATTICE.
38
![Page 39: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
eg. NaCl crystal lattice
39
![Page 40: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
eg. NaCl
Cl- Na+
Each cations is surrounded by 6 anions and vice versa
See Figure 4, p. 189
Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+
Cl-Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+Na+
Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+Cl- Na+
Cl-Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+Na+
40
![Page 41: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
WRITE THE NAME FROM THE FORMULA
1. Write the name of the CATION before the ANION
(Be positive before being negative
2. Change the ANION suffix to “-ide”
• two types of ion (a cation and an anion)• cations only have ONE possible charge
Do NOT use
CAPITALS
Do NOT use
PREFIXES41
![Page 42: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
MgBr2 _____________________________KCl _______________________________Na2S _____________________________
Mg3P2 _____________________________
Ba3N2 ______________________________ What’s wrong with these for BaS?barium sulfur Barium Sulfide barium sulfuride
42
![Page 43: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Do the following sheet in the booklet for homework:
Follow rules for:◦“GIVEN FORMULA, WRITE NAME” for Ionic
Compounds.
43
![Page 44: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
![Page 45: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
WRITE THE FORMULA FROM THE NAME1. Determine each ION CHARGE from the periodic
table.2. Use the “crossover” method to write the formula for
the compound.
The overall charge on a compound is “zero”. Ion ratios must be reduced to lowest terms.
45
![Page 46: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
EXAMPLE: sodium bromide _____________________
barium iodide ___________________
46
![Page 47: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
EXAMPLE: magnesium oxide _____________________
aluminum oxide ___________________
47
![Page 48: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Do the next two sheets for homework!
FIRST PAGE:◦Given NAME, Write
FORMULA
SECOND PAGE:◦TOP HALF – Molecular
Compound Naming◦BOTTOM HALF – Ionic
Compound Naming
48
![Page 49: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
49
![Page 50: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
50
![Page 51: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
51
![Page 52: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
52
![Page 53: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
1. ROMAN NUMERALS show the ION CHARGE of the MULTIVALENT ION.
2. If a ROMAN NUMERAL is NOT given, use the charge found on the top in each box on the table. (most common charge)
EXAMPLE: copper (II) oxide
_________________________
![Page 54: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
lead (IV) sulfide_________________________
tin sulfide_________________________
![Page 55: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Do the sheet on the following page!
Remember to ONLY use the ROMAN NUMERAL with the MULTIVALENT IONS!!!
![Page 57: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
RULES1. Write the names of the ions.
2. Write the ROMAN NUMERAL for the MULTIVALENT ION. There are 2 METHODS:
1. METHOD 1 Charges must add up to zero.
1. METHOD 2 Charge of Anion X Subscript of AnionSubscript of Cation
![Page 59: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
PbI2 _________________________
Fe2O3 _________________________
![Page 60: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
CuCl _________________________
MnO2 _________________________
![Page 61: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
![Page 62: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Do the next 2 sheets for homework!
Remember, doing some workings can help prevent any mistakes!!!
![Page 64: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
![Page 68: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
![Page 69: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
lithium sulfate _____________________
ammonium carbonate_____________________
![Page 70: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
hydrogen dichromate _____________________
sodium acetate _____________________
lead (II) nitrate _____________________
calcium hydroxide _____________________
![Page 71: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
HNO3 _____________________
NaOH _____________________
![Page 73: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
KMnO4_____________________
Cu2SO4_____________________
![Page 74: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
hydrogen carbonate is AKA bicarbonate HCO3-
hydrogen sulfate is AKA bisulfate HSO4-
tetraborate B4O72-
silicate SiO32-
glutamate C5NH8O4-
![Page 76: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Do the next 2 Sheets for homework!!!
Remember to use the crossover method for charges.
You may find it helpful to use BRACKETS around ALL polyatomic ions when writing the formulae.
![Page 77: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
![Page 78: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
![Page 79: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
1. Simple Ions
Names Formulas- write the name of the positive ion - determine the charge on each ion
- write the name of the negative ion - cross over the charges to write the formula followed by -ide
eg. NaCl sodium chloride eg. calcium phosphide
Mg3N2 magnesium nitride Ca2+ P3-
Ca3P2
2. Polyatomic Ions
Names Formulas- write the name of the positive ion - determine the charge on each ion
- write the name of the negative ion - cross over the charges to write the formula
eg. CaSO4 calcium sulfate eg. magnesium nitrate
Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide Mg2+ NO3-
Mg(NO3)2
3. MultiValent Metals- use Roman Numerals to indicate the ion charge(Stock System)
OR
- use the suffix -ic to indicate the smaller ion charge or -ous for the larger ion charge.
Names Formulaseg. CoCl2 - cobalt(II) chloride eg. nickel(II) nitride
- cobaltous chloride Ni2+ N3- (cross over)CoCl3 - cobalt(III) chloride
- cobaltic chloride Ni3N2
NOTE: After crossing over the charges to get the formula, make sure you are using thesimplest ratio between the ions.eg. magnesium oxide - Mg2O2 becomes MgO
DON’T USE PREFIXES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS.
1. Simple Ions
Names Formulas- write the name of the positive ion - determine the charge on each ion
- write the name of the negative ion - cross over the charges to write the formula followed by -ide
eg. NaCl sodium chloride eg. calcium phosphide
Mg3N2 magnesium nitride Ca2+ P3-
Ca3P2
2. Polyatomic Ions
Names Formulas- write the name of the positive ion - determine the charge on each ion
- write the name of the negative ion - cross over the charges to write the formula
eg. CaSO4 calcium sulfate eg. magnesium nitrate
Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide Mg2+ NO3-
Mg(NO3)2
3. MultiValent Metals- use Roman Numerals to indicate the ion charge(Stock System)
OR
- use the suffix -ic to indicate the smaller ion charge or -ous for the larger ion charge.
Names Formulaseg. CoCl2 - cobalt(II) chloride eg. nickel(II) nitride
- cobaltous chloride Ni2+ N3- (cross over)CoCl3 - cobalt(III) chloride
- cobaltic chloride Ni3N2
NOTE: After crossing over the charges to get the formula, make sure you are using thesimplest ratio between the ions.eg. magnesium oxide - Mg2O2 becomes MgO
DON’T USE PREFIXES FOR IONIC COMPOUNDS.
![Page 81: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Hydrated ionic compounds have WATER attached to their crystal lattice structure.
Solutions become hydrated when they are crystallized from a water solution.
They are often recognizable by eye because they are often SHINY and TRANSLUCENT.
Examples: ◦ Bluestone, Epsom salts, Rock salts
BLUESTONE CuSO4 ∙5H2O◦ 5 CuSO4 molecules attached to each
H2Ocompound.◦ The “dot” represents a weak bond.
![Page 82: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
We indicate the presence of water with the word HYDRATE and we indicate the number of water molecules with our GREEK PREFIXES:
MONO 1, DI 2, TRI 3, TETRA 4, PENTA 5, HEXA 6, HEPTA 7, OCTA 8, NONA 9, DECA 10
ANHYDROUS: NO water attached
![Page 83: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
barium chloride dihydrate _____________________
potassium hydroxide hexahydrate _____________________
![Page 84: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
sodium carbonate octahydrate _____________________
cobalt (II) chloride decahydrate _____________________
![Page 85: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
![Page 86: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
CaSO4 ∙2H2O _____________________
Na3PO4 ∙4H2O ______________________
![Page 87: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
HCN ∙ 3H2O _____________________
HOMEWORK:◦ DO THE SHEET ON HYDRATED IONIC COMPOUNDS
ON THE NEXT PAGE OF YOUR HANDOUT.
![Page 88: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
![Page 89: NAMING AND WRITING FORMULAS FOR COMPOUNDS](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062305/5681605b550346895dcf8689/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)