naming monoatomic and polyatomic ions. there are two types of ions: cation anion + ve charge- ve...
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Naming monoatomic and polyatomic ions
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There are two types of ions:
Cation Anion•+ ve charge - ve charge•all metals all non metals•Transition metals name ends with -ide have multiple charges•Exampes: Ca2+ Cl–
Formation of ionsFormation of ions
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NomenclatureHow to name an ion?
Cations•Name the cations as full element name example •Ca2+ is calcium ionAnions•Add suffix ide for anions example•Cl– is Chloride (Chlorine => Chloride)
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• Most transition metals can form cations of more than one possible charge.
• There are two common methods of naming such ions
Stock method Classical methodUse Roman numerals in Higher ion ends with suffix-icparenthesis to indicate Lower ion ends with suffix-ousCharge. Remember H-ic up Example ExampleFe2+ is Fe(II) /Iron(II) ion Fe2+ : ferrous ion Fe3+ is Fe(III)/Iron (III) ion Fe3+ : ferric ion
Naming of Cations with multiple chargesNaming of Cations with multiple charges
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Practice problemsElement Symbol Name of ion Symbol of
ion
1. sodium2. bromine3. magnesium4. chlorine5. oxygen6. boron7. Lithium9. Phosphorus10.Aluminum
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Practice:Name the cations with multiple charges
write the name and symbol for the ions of the given elements acoording to Stock method and Classical method
• Iron
• Copper
• Tin
• Mercury
• Lead
• Antimony
Element Symbol of ions Name of ion
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A monatomic ion contains only one atom
Example:
A polyatomic ion contains more than one atom acting as a team. Example:
Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, O2-, Al3+, N3-
(OH)-, (CN)-, (NH4) +, (NO3)
-
Name: Hydroxide, Cyanide, Ammonium, Nitrate
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Common monoatomic Cations and AnionsCommon monoatomic Cations and Anions
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Common polyatomic Cations and AnionsCommon polyatomic Cations and Anions
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Oxoanions
perchlorate ClO4-
chlorate ClO3-
chlorite ClO2-
hypochlorite ClO-
nitrate NO3-
nitrite NO2-
phosphate PO43-
phosphite PO33-
sulfate SO42-
sulfite SO32-
• areare polyatomic anions that contain one or more oxygen atoms with another element.
• They have names ending in –ate or –ite
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• areare compounds that contain polyatomic ions and hydrogen.
Oxoacid
HNO3 nitric acid
H2CO3 carbonic acid
H2SO4 sulfuric acid
Example:
( H+ and NO3-)
( H+ and CO3-)
( H+ and SO4-)