Nanotechnology in Land Scape Architecture

Saly Mohmed Sameh

What Will Be Presented ??

Frist part : • Terminologies

(Terms to be defined: Nanotech. Nanometer)

• What Is Nanotech ?(when? –who?- how?)

• Why Nanotech ? (What does it produce?–Fields of application- where to go?)

Second Part:• App. Of Nanotech in Urban

(Hard Scape ”Materials” –Soft scape ”Agriculture “)

TerminologiesNanotechnology• Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the

molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced.

Nanometer• A nanometer is a unit of spatial measurement that is 10-9 meter, or

one billionth of a meter. It is commonly used in nanotechnology, the building of extremely small machines.

What Is Nanotechnology?• Nanotechnology is the creation of materials, components, devices, and systems at the

near-atomic, or nanometer, level. “Nano” means one-billionth. Thus nanotechnology draws its name from the scale at which the technology operates—at nanometers.

• This ability to observe, measure and even manipulate materials at the molecular or atomic scale

When & Who?• The theoretical capability was envisioned as early as 1959 by the

renowned physicist Richard Feynman.

• When K. Eric Drexler (right) popularized the word'nanotechnology' in the 1980's, he was talking aboutbuilding machines on the scale of molecules, afew nanometers wide—motors, robot arms, and evenwhole computers, far smaller than a cell.

Frist Call:

Why Nanotechnology?• Nanotechnology is creating a wealth of new materials and manufacturing

possibilities, which in turn will profoundly impact our economy, our environment,and our society.

• It also provides remarkable properties—such as materials with vastly increasedstrength, vastly decreased weight, vastly greater electrical connectivity, or theability to change shape or color on demand. For an idea of the novel properties anduses of nanotechnology.

The Revolution in Construction &building science Steel Concrete Glass Gypsum Drywall Fabrics & Carpet Energy/HVAC Filtration Electronics / Sensors Tools Coatings & Paints Lighting Insulation

In Landscape ArchitectureHardscape:• New properties of usual material &new materials.• Conservation of energy.• Conserving the environment.

Agriculture• Ability to track products, nutrient levels, and other information necessary

to increase productivity• Decontamination of soils and water• Protection against pests and diseases

Examples for Nanomaterial

Nano Concrete Production of concrete accounts for 8% of total CO2 emissions

worldwide Translucent concrete? Cool idea by Dutch Architect, Rem Koolhaas

Translucent concrete (also: light-transmitting concrete) is a concrete based building material with light-transmissive properties due to embedded light optical elements — usually optical fibers. Light is conducted through the stone from one end to the other. Therefore the fibers have to go through the whole object. This results into a certain light pattern on the other surface, depending on the fiber structure. Shadows cast onto one side appear as silhouettes through the material.

Recommended UsesCommercial & ResidentialExterior & Interior(façade material and for cladding of interior walls)

Recommended UsesCommercial & ResidentialExterior & InteriorFloor & WallBacksplashesCountertopsFireplacesTub Surrounds & ShowersVanities

Nano Glass• Can block UV & glare• Self-cleaning glass coated (titanium dioxide coating breaks down organic matter• Nano Glass is offered in 18mm and 2cm slabs. As a pure white slab, it is a unique

option for anyone needing the cleanest, purest white available. It is created bypouring a mixture that consists of 75% silica into a mold to form the slab.

Insulation

Solar cells infused with nano-technology are thin, flexible and come in rolls so they can be applied as roofing material

Thermal Insulation Building insulation will be one of the main focuses, where the demand for more energy efficient buildings is expected to grow significantly in coming years. The presence of glass surfaces and the insulating capacity of the outer cladding are the main reasons for heat loss and gain within the building envelope

Nansulatecoating is a patented insulation technology that incorporates a nanocomposite called HydroNM-Oxide, a product of nanotechnology. It’s an excellent insulator due to its low thermal conductivity and the nanomaterial used.

Paints for eco-efficient buildings• JRC scientists authored a chapter on nanotechnology

in manufacturing paints for eco-efficient buildings• Indoor and outdoor applications of self-cleaning and

depolluting photocatalytic paints,

It is b ased on development and testing of a novel titanium dioxide(TiO2)-based nanoparticle catalyst capable of removing air-polluting nitrogen oxide (NO) under indoor-like illuminationconditions as well as testing and optimisation of a new TiO2 -basedphotocatalytic paint for its emission of undesirable by-products

Conclusion • Nanotechnology is a promising field in terms of environmental improvements

including energy savings and reduced reliance on non-renewable resources, as well as reduced waste, toxicity and carbon emissions. It’s applications in the building industry is expected to show a significant boom in the coming years due to international urge for “more greener” build environment. When considering the built environment, concrete is the main construction material. Better understanding of the properties of concrete at nanoscale can lead to improve the functionality of concrete. The influence of addition of nano particles such as NanoSilica ,nano Al2O3, nano TiO2 and nano Fe2O3 in the correct proportions and methods into concrete can increase the mechanical and transport properties, rate of hydration, durability and many other properties. Moreover energy conservation and reducing green house emissions in the building environment can be a reality due to nanomaterials emerging as insulations and energy storage materials. Enhanced insulation material coupled with thermal energy storage properties can reduce the operational energy consumption in a build environment to a great deal. Other applications like self cleaning and antimicrobial surfaces will reduce the resource consumption and lengthen the life cycle of material usage in the industry, thus will drive towards sustainable practices.

Refrences• http://www.nccommerce.com/sti/nanotechnology 13/12/2014.• http://www.arizonatile.com/NANO-GLASS-P1275C140.aspx 13/12/2014.

• ELVIN, G., 2007, Nanotechnology for Green Building, Green Technology Forum. GARBOCZI, E. J.Year. Concrete Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: Definitions and Applications. In: 3rd InternationalSymposium on Nanotechnology in Construction, 2009 Prague, Czech Republic.

• LUCEM Translucent Concrete - Planning Details, Stolberg,Germany: LUCEM GmbH, 2011.• Cacho, C.; Geiss, O.; Leva, P.; Tirendi, S.; Barrero-Moreno, J. (2013). Nanotechnology in

manufacturing paints for eco-efficient buildings. In: Pacheco-Torgal, F; Diamanti, M.V.; Nazari, A.and Granqvist, C.G., Nanotechnology in eco-efficient construction (343-364). Woodhead PublishingLimited, UK). ISBN 978-0-85709-544-2.