national building code of india 2016 part 4 fire & life safety · fire & life safety...
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National Building Code of India 2016 Part 4
Fire & Life Safety Presented by
Santosh S. Warick CFO & FA, MIDC.
Revision of NBC, Part 4
• Part 4 of the National Building Code deals with safety from fire and explosion. It specifies classification of buildings and the necessary requirements to minimize danger to life from fire, smoke and fumes or panic before the building or area is evacuated.
Classification of Buildings Group A Residential
Group B Educational
Group C Institutional
Group D Assembly
Group E Business
Group F Mercantile
Group G Industrial
Group H Storage
Group J Hazardous
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The objective of this part is to specify measures that will provide that degree of safety from fire which can be reasonably achieved.
The Code endeavors to avoid requirements that might involve unreasonable hardships or unnecessary inconvenience or interference with normal use and occupancy of buildings, insist upon compliance with minimum standards for fire safety necessary in public interest.
It is desirable to use such equipment/installation duly certified under the BIS Certifications Marks Scheme.
ABSOLUTE SAFETY FROM FIRE IS NOT ATTAINABLE IN PRACTICE
General Exit requirements
Occupants Load
Capacities of Exit
Arrangement of Exits
Number of Exits
Doorways
Corridors/Passage ways
Horizontal Exits
Compartmentation
LIFE SAFETY
Internal Staircases
External Staircases
Pressurization of escape routes
Ramps
Refuge Area
Fire Lifts/Fire Tower
Emergency escape lighting/ Illumination
Fire detection and Warning
Evacuation Procedures
Fire Protection ( Table 7) Extinguishers
Small Bore Hose Reels
Dry Riser
Wet Riser
Down comer
Yard Hydrant system
Automatic Sprinkler Installation
Manual Fire Alarm System
Automatic Fire Alarm System
Underground Storage Tank
Terrace Tank
Ground level Pumps
Terrace level Pumps
Fire Resistance Rating ( Table 1)
Compartmentation
Openings in Separating walls and Floors
(for all types of construction)
Fire Stops/Enclosure of Openings
Air-conditioning/Ventilation (Dampers)
Surface Flame Spread
Glazing/Skylights (Wired Glass)
PASSIVE SYSTEMS
Reaction to Fire & Fire Resistance • Reaction to fire is a material characteristic.
• To reduce the probability of an outbreak and consequent growth of fire, where it is not possible to segregate all possible known ignition sources from combustible material, the contents and room lining should be such that they are not easily ignitable and, even if ignition occurs, the ensuing fire will not develop rapidly.
Fire Resistance Rating of Structural Elements
The Concept of Fire Compartmentation
Proposed Roadmap • Specific norms pertaining to each application
area in the revised National Building Codes.
• Enforcement of the norms, by regulatory authorities such as Planning Authorities, Fire & Emergency Service.
• Acceptance of worldwide test standards, besides British Standard (BS) and American Standard of Testing of Materials (ASTM), by regulatory bodies, like Bureau of Indian Standards and Fire Service.
• Continuing awareness campaign to increase knowledge on the applications, the problems associated and the solutions.
• Educating the future Architects, Civil Engineers by incorporating the concept in syllabus of Architectural and Civil Engineering colleges.
• More testing institutes in collaboration with international testing institutes.
Conclusion • The Fire Prevention & Protection focus is shifting from
Active to Passive Fire Protection.
• The emphasis is to minimized the possibility of outbreak of fire and to limit the spread of fire and the products of combustion.
• The implementation will cause some initial investment for the owners but in long term this will be very useful tool for fire protection of building and life safety of occupants which will help to save precious lives and to safeguard national property.
• Fire Prevention is Better Then Cure
Thank You