national instruments - ieee long island section
TRANSCRIPT
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Essential Technologies for Energy
Efficiency and Management
National Instruments
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Agenda
Smart Grid
Power Quality Analyzer
Asset Monitoring
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National Instruments
SmartGrid
National Instruments
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Grid Current Model
TodayPartial Control
Poor Integration
Not Optimized
Reactive Maintenance
Utility Focus
Grids are Fragile
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How did we get here?
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Framework for the Future
The U.S. power supply network is the largest, most complex machine
ever created and engages the most complex enterprise. It involves
some 5,000 corporate entities, 100 million customers, 4 distinct
forms of ownership and multiple levels of regulatory oversight. This
must function at all times in absolute balance in it supply and
demand while trying to satisfy conflicting economic, social, political
and environmental objectives.
EPRI Electric Power Research Institute
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Framework for the Future
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Smart Grid - Future
Source: The Economist
FutureMore Secure
Total Control
Integrated
Optimized
Interactive
Self-Healing
Customer Focus
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Smart Grid - Future
-Lord Kelvin
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Technology Challenges
Connect the power companies to power line
hardware, industrial machinery, commercial and
home appliances, communication network, and
support system integration.
Implement a responsive and intelligent layer of power
systems capable of monitoring, distributed signal
processing, control, and automation.
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Areas to Develop and Integrate
Substation Monitoring and Automation
Transformer Load Management
Real Time Grid Condition Monitoring
Automated Grid Switching
Fault Location and Characterization
Home meters to perform as a sensor
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Consumer based solutions
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Current Vendor Defined Technology
AFD Arc Flash DetectorDDR Dynamic Disturbance RecorderDFR Digital Fault RecorderENV Environmental dataHIZ High Impedance Fault DetectorHMI Human Machine InterfaceHST HistorianLGC Scheme logicMET Substation MeteringPDC Phasor Data ConcentratorPMU Phasor Measurement UnitPQM Power Quality MonitorRIO Remote Input/Output DeviceRTU Remote Terminal Unit / Data ConcentratorSER Sequence of Events RecorderTCM Trip Circuit Monitor
Lack of: interoperability, Flexibility, Expandability, Upgradability, etc
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Technology and Design Gaps
for one single platform
Downloadable Firmware Technology
Seamless integration with current assets
Flexible to be used in varying systems
Record and Analyze data in distributed architecture and with
reconfigurable data granularity
Scalable and upgradeable to add memory, resolution, functionality
and applications
Communication: multi platform and scalability
Multi data format compatibility
Distributed data processing for decision making
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What is necessary to implement the
Smart Grid Intelligent Layer
Preventative Element
Identify and Repair Problems / Minimize Outages
Real Time Sensing and Control
Quick Response to Disturbances
Permanent Monitoring
Dynamically Optimize the Performance of Systems
What will make the Grid smart?
The ability to transform data into information and make decisions
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Introducing National Instruments: What We Do
Used By Engineers and Scientists for Test, Design and Control
Modular Measurement and Control Hardware
Productive Software
Development Tools
Highly Integrated System Platforms
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National Instruments
Leaders in Computer-Based Measurement and Automation
Long-term Track Record of Growth and Profitability
More than 5,157 employees
Operations in 40+ countries
Companies to work For Tenth Consecutive Year
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MP3 player
PC/WWW/E-mail
Cellular Phone
Digital Camera
Gaming
High resolution display
iPhone
PDA
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Oscilloscope
Logic Analyzer
Spectrum Analyzer
DMM
Communications Analyzer
LCR Meter
Function
Generator
Power Supply
Pattern Generator
Programmable
Switch
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Lower cost
Higher performance
Smaller size
Flexible
Easily upgraded
User-defined
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Smart Grid Technology Complexity
Mechanical Systems
Discrete and Sequential Logic
Control Design
Logging, DatabaseHMI
Communication
Networking
Machine Condition Monitoring
Machine VisionMotors and Actuators
Sensors and Signal
Conditioning
DistributedProcessing
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Introduction to CompactRIOProgrammable Automation Controller (PAC)
Open Embedded System
Reconfigurable FPGA
Extreme Ruggedness
Expandable
Multi Protocol
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The Design Platform to address
Convergence of Technology
PLCPC
PACPACPAC
AFDCLKDDRDFRENVHIZHMIHSTLGC PDCPMUPQMRIORTUSERTCM
Reprogrammable
Personality
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Software Abstracts System Complexity
LabVIEW C*
* does not include code to generate UI
LabVIEW C*
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PAC Technology Deployment Curve
CompactpactRIOCompmpactRIOModular
PXI RIOPXI RIO
Number of Systems Deployed
Syste
m F
lexib
ility
an
d P
rice
Single-BoardRIO
Custom I/O
I/O
I/O
I/O
Processor FPGA
LabVIEW
CompactRIOIntegrated
Design
Prototype
Deploy
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Current Projects
NI / Universities / Utilities Joint collaboration
Power Quality Monitoring
Distributed Fault Anticipation
Remote Terminal Unit
High Impedance Fault Detector
Phasor Measurement Unit
Transformer Monitoring
Motivation and Objectives
Transform Data into Information
Support System Management
Allow Decision Making Processes
Enhance Reliability and Availability
Ensure Power Quality Monitoring
Integration System
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Power Quality Analyzer
National Instruments
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What is Power Quality
Any Power problem manifested in voltage, current,
or frequency deviations that results in failure or
misoperation of customer equipment.
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Why is Power Quality Important?
Electricity is a product, like any other
Customer loads are more sensitive to transients and shortvariations in the voltage supply
Corrective action must be taken if the supply is not sufficientlyensured!
Utilities, appliance manufacturers, and residential customers needinformation about residential power quality
Electrical power has to comply with specific quality requirements:
Voltage level 110 V (or different)
Sinusoidal shaped AC voltage signal
Fundamental frequency 60 Hz
3 phases voltage
Availability
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Sources of Power Pollution
Today electric power consumption is often controlled by switching
electronics.
Loads have non-linear U/I characteristic and this cause non-sinusoidal
current
Non-sinusoidal current causes distortion of supply voltage because of
power grid impedance
Short term impact on PQ: HEV recharging
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Power Quality Problems
Whether or not the customer is likely to suffer from power quality problems depends on:
The quality of voltage supplied by electricity supplier
The types of loads in customer's installation
The sensitivity of customers equipment to various kind of disturbances
There is not single, generic solution of PQ problems.
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Power Quality Phenomenas
unsymmetrical voltage
harmonics
Inter-harmonics
over-voltages
voltage drops
voltage fluctuations
frequency fluctuations
telegrams
transients
electromagnetic
reactions
flicker
rapid voltage changes
swells
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PQ Events as
categorized by
IEEE
Other Standards:
IEC 61000-4-7 Harmonics and Interharmonics Measurements
IEC 61000-4-15Flickermeter Functional and design specifications
IEC 61000-4-30Measurement methods for power quality instruments
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The Cost of Poor Power Quality
It is estimated that power quality problems costs industry and commerce about $80 billion per year [Berkeley Lab Study] while expenditure on preventative measures is less than 5 % of this.
Problems must be identified first:
industry needs PQ monitoring tools
By monitoring PQ it is possible to identify potential problems before they are big enough to make damages.
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What is needed to recognize PQ problem
International Standards
Measurement Instrument
SW Tool for Analysis and Presentation
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User Solution:ELCOM Power Quality Analyzer ENA450
3x direct voltage inputs 300V RMS
4x indirect currents inputs by current clamps
IEC 61000-4-30 class A PQA
National Instruments Content:
NI cRIO 9014
NI cRIO 9103
NI 9225
NI 9239
NI 9422
Optional GPS and GPRS
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Ele
ctr
ical E
nerg
y T
ransm
issio
n w
ith
PQ
Monitoring
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La
bV
IEW
Use
r In
terf
ace
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We
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d T
oo
ls
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We
b E
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ble
d T
oo
ls
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Ad
ditio
na
l C
ase
Stu
die
s
Pow
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Qu
alit
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Mete
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Cre
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Asse
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str
um
ents
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Pre
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Pote
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Incre
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Tre
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SCAD
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Da
ta A
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Use
r S
olu
tio
n: V
eski
"The c
ontinuous m
onitoring o
f vib
rations a
nd o
ther
sig
nals
is c
ritical to
pre
dic
ting
mechanic
al behavio
r and e
ffic
iency a
nd u
sually
requires c
ontinuous d
ata
acquis
itio
n
and o
nlin
e d
ata
base a
naly
sis
. V
ES
KI,
a C
roatian-b
ased c
onsultin
g f
irm
th
at
specia
lizes in v
ibra
tion a
naly
sis
and d
iagnostics,
relie
s o
n N
I LabV
IEW
and N
I
Com
pactR
IOat th
e c
ore
of
its C
oD
iSm
onitoring s
oftw
are
. "
![Page 51: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Use
r S
olu
tio
n: V
eski
![Page 52: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
NI:
an
Asse
t H
ea
lth
Mo
nito
rin
g S
up
plie
r
Ma
chin
e C
onditio
n M
onitoring h
as its
ow
n b
usin
ess s
egm
ent
Specific
hard
ware
and s
oft
ware
pro
ducts
Levera
gin
g o
ver
15 y
ears
in S
ound a
nd V
ibra
tion a
pplic
ations
Levera
gin
g o
ver
20 y
ears
in instr
um
enta
tion c
ontr
ol soft
ware
Levera
gin
g o
ver
30 y
ears
in c
om
pute
r based instr
um
enta
tion
Dom
ain
expert
ise e
mplo
yees a
nd p
art
ners
Po
lar
Plo
tTa
bu
lar
Lis
tO
rbit P
lot
Wate
rfall
Plo
tC
asca
de
Plo
t
Run
-Up
![Page 53: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Ad
ditio
na
l R
eso
urc
es
ww
w.n
i.com
searc
h P
ow
er
Qualit
y M
onitoring
searc
h M
CM
se
arc
h E
nerg
y
ni.com
/try
labvie
w
![Page 54: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Supply
the tools
for
Desig
n, P
roto
type a
nd D
eplo
y
To M
ode
rniz
e the E
lectr
ic G
rid
To e
mpo
wer
the R
&D
in S
cie
nce a
nd E
ducation
Qualif
y
and D
evelo
p W
ork
forc
e
En
ab
le
Develo
pm
en
t of
Sm
art
Grid a
nd S
elf H
ealin
g C
apabili
ties
Innovative P
ow
er
Qualit
y S
olu
tions
T&
D m
anag
em
ent
Asset H
ealth M
on
itoring
Impro
ve P
erf
orm
ance a
nd L
ifecycle
Support
the C
ultura
l T
ransfo
rmation
Effic
iency
Resourc
e R
euse
![Page 55: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Sm
art
Grid
-F
utu
re
CA
Nm
easu
re it,
you
CA
N
Nati
on
al In
str
um
en
ts
![Page 56: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Ca
se
Stu
die
s
![Page 57: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Inte
rne
t-R
ea
dy P
ow
er
Ne
two
rk A
na
lyze
r fo
r
Po
we
r Q
ua
lity M
ea
su
rem
en
ts &
Mo
nito
rin
g
Challe
nge
De
sig
nin
g a
PC
-ba
se
d p
ow
er
qu
alit
y a
na
lyze
r and r
unnin
g a
ll in
str
um
ents
in p
ara
llel
NI Tools
La
bV
IEW
, D
yn
am
ic S
ign
al A
na
lyze
rs
Results
Dis
trib
ute
d s
yste
m o
f 8 instr
um
ents
, data
pro
cessin
g a
nd s
tora
ge w
ere
done
in
pa
ralle
lO
pen
fra
mew
ork
that
can im
ple
me
nt
futu
re m
odule
sP
ow
erf
ul &
user-
frie
ndly
pow
er
qualit
y
analy
ze
r
pro
ducts
to im
ple
ment
more
tim
e-d
em
andin
g a
dvanced s
ignal pro
cessin
g
![Page 58: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Pe
rfo
rmin
g A
dva
nce
d N
ucle
ar
Pla
nt R
esearc
hC
halle
nge
Ce
rtifyin
g n
ext g
en
era
tio
n
nucle
ar
reacto
rs
NI T
ools
DIA
de
mL
ab
VIE
WD
ata
log
gin
ga
nd
S
uperv
isory
Contr
ol M
odule
Results
Re
du
ce
d v
alid
atio
n tim
eIn
teg
rate
d s
olu
tio
n w
ith
th
ird
p
art
y d
esig
ns a
nd
to
ols
![Page 59: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Te
stin
g H
igh-V
olta
ge
Su
rge
Arr
esto
rsC
ha
llen
ge
Ch
ara
cte
rizin
g th
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
of
me
tal-
oxid
e v
aristo
rsfo
r o
ve
rhe
ad
pow
er
dis
trib
ution s
yste
ms
NI T
oo
lsP
XI
La
bV
IEW
Results
Imp
rove
d s
afe
tyIn
cre
ase
d m
ea
su
rem
en
t a
ccu
racy
tob
ette
r u
nd
ers
tan
d p
erf
orm
an
ce
Imp
rove
dd
ata
th
rou
gh
pu
t sp
ee
d
LabV
IEW
and t
he P
XI
dig
itiz
er,
we im
pro
ved
AB
B S
witzerland
![Page 60: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Real-T
ime M
onitoring &
Analy
sis
Syste
m for
Pow
er
Qualit
yC
halle
nge
Ce
rtifyin
g n
ext g
en
era
tio
n
nucle
ar
reacto
rs
NI T
ools
DIA
de
mL
ab
VIE
WD
ata
log
gin
ga
nd
S
uperv
isory
Contr
ol M
odule
LabV
IEW
com
bin
ed w
ith a
hig
h-
perf
orm
ance e
mbedded c
ontr
olle
r, liv
e m
onitoring o
f fr
equency d
evia
tions,
Ngee
Ann P
oly
technic
Results
Re
du
ce
d v
alid
atio
n tim
e
Inte
gra
ted s
olu
tion w
ith third
pa
rty d
esig
ns a
nd
to
ols
![Page 61: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Cre
ating P
ow
er
Acquis
itio
n
Ne
two
rkC
halle
nge
Develo
pin
g a
n independent
netw
ork
of
pow
er
qualit
y a
naly
zers
and a
netw
ork
serv
er
configura
tion t
ool th
at can p
rovid
e
data
to o
ther
inte
rfaces a
nd s
tore
to a
data
base.
Results
Pow
er
qualit
y m
onitor
with m
any d
iffe
rent
dis
trib
ution p
oin
ts
Real-tim
e o
pera
ting s
yste
m
Scala
ble
, re
mote
contr
olle
d b
ased p
ow
er
analy
zer
"Usin
g N
ati
on
al In
str
um
en
ts R
T S
eri
es D
AQ
an
d P
XI d
evic
es
co
mp
ati
ble
wit
h t
he
La
bV
IEW
gra
ph
ica
l d
eve
lop
me
nt
en
vir
on
me
nt
en
ab
les
us
to
ru
n t
he
PA
Q N
od
EL
CO
M o
n in
de
pe
nd
en
t h
ard
ware
u
sin
g a
re
al-
tim
e o
pe
rati
ng
sys
tem
."
![Page 62: National Instruments - IEEE Long Island Section](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022071602/613d59d1736caf36b75c4c06/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Usin
g N
I C
om
pa
ctR
IOto
De
sig
n a
Ma
xim
um
Po
we
r P
oin
t
Tra
ckin
g C
ontr
olle
r fo
r S
ola
r E
ne
rgy A
pp
lication
s
Usi
ng N
I Com
pact
RIO
to D
esig
n a
Max
imum
Pow
er P
oint
Tra
ckin
g C
ontr
olle
r fo
r S
olar
Ene
rgy
Aap
plic
atio
ns
Ap
pli
ca
tio
n:
A s
yste
m fo
r re
al-
tim
e
so
lar
ce
ll ca
lcu
latio
n to
en
su
re th
at
the
ma
xim
um
po
we
r o
utp
ut is
achie
ved in a
variety
of
en
viro
nm
en
tal co
nd
itio
ns.
Ch
alle
ng
e:
Ide
ntify
ing
an
effic
ien
cy
po
int th
at a
ch
ieve
s m
axim
um
so
lar
ce
ll p
ow
er
in v
ary
ing
en
viro
nm
en
tal
co
nd
itio
ns.
Pro
du
cts
: L
eg
acy D
evic
es, R
ea
l-T
ime
M
od
ule
, L
ab
VIE
W, cR
IO-9
10
1,
FP
GA
Mo
du
le
Ke
y B
en
efi
t: C
om
pa
ctR
IOin
cre
ase
d
tim
e e
ffic
ien
cy a
nd
sim
plif
ied
ma
ny
co
mp
lica
ted
ste
ps in
th
e
de
ve
lop
me
nt p
roce
ss.
engi
neer
s. W
e ap
proa
ched
them
with
our
mai
nten
ance
and
tech
nica
l pro
blem
s, a
nd th
e an
nual
foru
ms
and
cost
-R
u-M
in C
hao
Ele
ctro
mec
hani
cal R
esea
rch
Inst
itute