nature of people psychological problems are the result from an inability to fulfill one’s basic...
TRANSCRIPT
Nature of PeoplePsychological problems are the result from an
inability to fulfill one’s basic needsCorrelations exists between lack of success in
meeting needs and the degree of distress and unhappiness
Denial of reality refers to tendency to try to avoid the natural and logical consequences of behavior
Irresponsible behavior, attempts to satisfy needs in ways that infringe on the rights of others, leads to trouble
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Psychological problems are result of trying to get people to do things they don’t want to do.
Counselors should foster a healthy relationship by attending to the child’s needs, reality and responsibility. Client needs to feel secure.
Counselors are verbally active and focus on the what person is doing and plans to do.
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Glasser’s Beliefs
Teach people to love and be loved
Help people feel valued by themselves and others
Those will leads to success identity
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Failure and success identitiesAlienated Involved
(state of anomie) (belong to a group)
Delinquent Love (Some people careBehavior about me and I care about
them)
Failure Identity Success
Withdrawn Self-worth (I feel good behavior because I am doing something
useful)
Socially irresponsible Socially responsible
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Choice TheoryOnly behavior we can control is our ownWe are responsible only for what we choose to do with
our behaviorAll long-lasting psychological problems are relationship
problems resulting from attempts to get people to do things they do not want to do
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Five Basic Needs
Survival
Freedom
Power
Fun
Love and Belonging
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Quality WorldPeople we want to be withThings we want to possess or experienceBeliefs that guide our behavior
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Three R’s
Reality
Responsibility
Right and Wrong
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Choice TheoryReality therapists practice Choice TheoryPrevent problems before they happenExamine client’s belief systemHelp people handle the pain from not getting what they
want
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Choice Theory Behavior = acting, thinking, feeling, and physiology People are responsible for own choices, decisions,
goals, and happiness We control our mental images We choose psychosomatic illness, we can choose
something more satisfying The closer reality is to quality world = happier we will
be
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Theory of CounselingDiscard mental illness in favor of responsibility
Focus on moral issue of right/wrong
Ignore past, focus on present/future
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Theory of Counseling
Relate on a person-to-person basis
Ignore the unconscious
Counseling with children = teaching and learning experience
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Four ChoicesAn example for someone who is depressed:
1. Continue to depress yourself2. Change what you are doing to get what you want3. Change what you want4. Both #2 & #3
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Eight StepsStep 1. Build a relationship with the child.
Step 2. Child describes present behavior. “Tell me the story”
Step 3. Child evaluates what is going on in his life and how he is helping himself. “Do you want to change what is going on?”
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Help questions for Step 3How does this behavior help you?How does this behavior hurt you?How does this behavior help you learn math?How does this behavior improve your math?Is your behavior getting you what you want?
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Eight Steps (Cont.)
Step 4: Counselor and child look at possible alternatives
Step 5: Child selects alternatives for reaching goals and commits to trying the choices.
Step 6: Counselor and child examine the results. If not successful, list reasons why. Adjust contract is necessary.
Step 7: Logical and natural consequences are not removed
Step 8: The counselor does not give up on the child.
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Reality Therapy Process(1) What are you doing?
(2) Is what you are doing helping you get what you want?
(3) If not, what might be some other things you could try?
(4) Which idea would you like to try first?
(5) When?
Copyright 2007 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning
For younger children(1) What did you do?(2) What is our rule about this?(3) Was what you did against our rule?(4) What were you supposed to do?(5) What are you going to do next time?(6) Do you want to write your plan for next time or do
you want me to write it?(7) Let’s check tomorrow to see if your new plan is
working.
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For older children and adolescents(1) Let’s begin by talking about what you have been
doing to solve the problem.
(2) It would be helpful if you could give me an idea of how what you have been doing has been helping you. We may want to consider some questions: Is your behavior in touch with reality? Is your behavior the responsible thing to do? Is your behavior the right thing to do? Is your behavior cost-effective?
Copyright 2007 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning
For older children and adolescents (Cont.)
(3) If your behavior is not getting you what you want, what would you like to do differently?
(4) What plan would you like to develop?
(5) When can we follow up on your plan?
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Ten-step Consultation ModelStep 1. List what you have already tried that does not help.
Step 2. (if needed) Make a list of change-of-pace interventions to disrupt the expected.
Step 3. (if needed) Make a list of things you could and would do to help the child have a better day tomorrow
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Ten-step Consultation Model(Cont.)
Step 4. Try one-line counseling approaches.
Step 5. Use reality therapy questions that emphasize the rules on which agreement was reached in a previous negotiation.
Step 6. Use standard reality therapy questions that end with a written contract or a handshake.
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Ten-step Consultation Model(Cont.)
Step 7. In-class time-out is recommended.
Step 8. Some children may require a time-out outside the classroom.
Step 9 and 10 are designed for special more severe cases. It might include suspension, going to see what juvenile court is like, etc.
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PracticeA child has been brought to your office
because he/she wasn’t doing work in class and is distracting the other children. Talk with the child and using the Reality based approach, help the child assess whether his/her behavior is getting them what they want.
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