Igor LISKA, ICPDR, Dr. Mary-Jeanne Adler, INHGA, Bucharest

-

Needs in harmonization of monitoring

network and of hydrological data

processing for flood risk prevention

UNECE Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary

Watercourses and International Lake,

Second Workshop on Transboundary Flood Risk Management

19 - 20 March 2015, Geneva, Switzerland

PRESENTATION CHAPTERS:

• GENERATION OF AN INTEGRATED GEODATABASE

• MONITORING OF DISCHARGES

• MONITORING OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS

• MONITORING OF LOADS

• GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PORCESS SURVEY

• WATER QUALITY

Ceatalchioi – 07.July.2010

Motivation for DANUBE FLOODRISK Project

• All Danube countries worked on improvements with different

– Mapping methods

– Elevation systems

– Criteria for risk assessment

• Separated approaches in the countries:inefficient and not sustainable

A transnational river

requires transnational cooperation …

International co-operation in the water sector

• Bilateral co-operation– Transboundary (neighbouring countries)

– With other countries

• Multilateral co-operation– International Conventions

» e.g. Helsinki, Danube Conventions

• European (Union) level co-operation– Common working platform (27 Member States)

– Common basic legislation

• Global level water co-operation– WMO

„Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council

of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in

the field of water policy”

Water Framework Directive

Priority

Substances

Drinking Water

Directive

Bathing Water

Directive

Nature Conservation

(NATURA 2000)

EU Water Framework

Directive

Urban Waste

Water Directive

Nitrate Directive

Ground Water Directive

Flood Directive

Connection to updated Environment policyMost of the EUSDR Water Quality (PA 4) Actions give answer to Water Blueprint (HOW?)

Main findings of the Water Blueprint

– The biggest pressures for ecological status are• HYMO alterations – hydrologic and morphological measurements ( handled by Action 10)

• Water over abstraction – intensive monitoring (Action 11)

• Lack of ecological water flows – law flows monitoring (Action 11)

– Cause of poor chemical status of waters is• Shortage of data (Action 2 and 3)

• Few progress to mitigate eutrophication of waters (Action 4 and 5)

• Not eligible outputs in implementation of directives (e.g. UWW T , Action 7)

– Low effectiveness in water using• Improvement needs for irrigation (Action 11)

• Measures need for leakage of distribution network (Action 13)

– High vulnerability of European waters• Improvement needs for ecosystem resilience (Action 11)

– Improvement needs for better water information system• WISE, INSPIRE, GMES, etc. (by Action 3)

• Improving Science-Policy Interface (Action 6)

– Cooperation at the Danube Basin level, but More stronger cooperation at sub-basin levels, as Tisza, Siret, Prut, in case of Romania – by integrated monitoring (Action 2 and 14)

– More communication for transparency (Action 12)

Catchment area: 801.463 km2

Length: 2.857 km

Mean discharge: 6.500 m3 s-1

Danube

Different Elevation models and levels

Problems: Borders are barriers for risk management

Different elevation

levels and models

Different monitoring

systemsDifferent

hydraulic

models

Different

planning

systems

Flood Risk Area

Output 1: Joint digital elevation model

ONE system without national borders

National

Border

Output 2: Common geodatabase

Danube River

Cross-sectionsDTM

LIDAR data

Topographic maps

Q,H daily

values

hydrometric

stations

Satellite imagesRoughness

coefficient

(CLC 2006)

Modeling 1D2D

(Sobek)

Hazard maps

Topographic Survey

Since accurate topographic data is only available for a small

percentage of water bodies and HYDRulic infrastructures, this data

has to be collected or verified by surveys of water body cross

sections. Generally, all structures bordering or within the water body

are surveyed. Cross sections are always taken from the same

location and recorded regularly in fixed intervals or, depending on

hydraulic requirements, in shorter intervals

For the purpose of creating the DTM, an aerial survey is conducted,The positional accuracy of DTM varies by +/- 50 cm, the accuracy in elevation by +/- 20 – 30 cm.

Danube River Cross-sections

- Additional points from LIDAR data

and topographic maps(X ,Y ,Z

Stereo70, MN75)

- Bathymetric points (X ,Y ,Z

Stereo70, MN75)

Danube River Cross-

sections

Number of cross-

sections :

> 10 000

Cross-sections

between dikes

(distance

between cross-

sections 100 m)

Roughness coefficient (CLC 2006)

CLC classes

- 31x forest

- 32x grassland

- 41x swamp

- 5xx water

- ….

Manning

coefficient

Digital Terrain Model

DTMLIDAR data

a

-h -

- 2 tan(a/2) h -

OVERLAP

Available data (fly 2007)

Processing data (fly 2010)

Satellite data

DTM final

Dikes

gaps

Cross

sections

channels

Water level and discharge – integrate monitoring

Q,H daily values hydrometric stations

• The measurements of meteorological indicators using 106

automated meteorological stations (83 in the Dnister basin

and 23 in the basins of the Prut and Siret);

• Rapid processing and transmission of primary data;

• Modeling of hydrological processes in some areas and around

the river basin (including forecasting of flooded areas and

possible damage from flooding rain);

• Develop operational plans for flood protection measures;

• Informing of local authorities and the population about the

hydrometeorological situation.

DATA SEMPLING - AUTOMATED

INFORMATIONAL MONIYORING

SYSTEM (AIMS)

Diagram of hydrometeorological

stations

The system in the basin of the Prut and

Siret includS:

- automatic digital sensors installed at

Prut, Cheremosh, Siret, Small Siret

(Chortoryia, Lopushna, Verhni Petrivtsi,

Dubivtsi, Kamyanka, Tatariv);

- server receiving data provided in

Chernivtsi;

- website, that displays the data

observation

AIMS of Dnister-Prut Basin

Department

of Water Resources

The system of the Dnister Basin

consists of:

- hydrological posts in Galych and

the Zalishchyky;

- website that displays data

observation

Under the project it is foreseen automatization of

24 observation points in the basins of the rivers

Prut and Siret, including :

- 17 stations to measure water levels,

- 5 hydrometric crossings,

- 19 measuring device of rainfall that will be

installed at the hydrostations as well as separately;

Installing 3 control centers for the data collection,

analysis and dissemission;

MODERNIZATION OF AIMS

MONTORING SYSTEM

Principles of the system work

The system provides automated collection, transmission and accumulation of

information on the level and water temperature, air temperature and

pressure.

Periodicity of measurements normally carried at intervals of 30

min. and transferring 2 times a day.

In case of an emergency frequency can be changed distantly, depending on

the scale of the flood. There is also automatic sending of messages to a

mobile phone, when water levels rise more than 0.5 meters

27

ADCP to measure velocity

distribution and estimate bottom

shear

Dunai árhullám -

2013

ADCP data used for 3D flow modelling

Dniester-Prut Basin

Department of Water

Resources

LOCATION of hydrological post of AIMS

"PRYKARPATTYA"

DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING

DISPLAYING OF DATA MEASUREMENTS

ON A WEBSITE, TO BE SHARE WITH THE

DOWNSTREAM COUNTRIES

DP BDWR

Diagram of observational data

Reliability data will be provided through the use of

mobile (modem channel with two cards of different

operators) and satellite communications.

Displaying of measuring data

INFORMATION

SHARING DIAGRAMTernopil’ Hmel’nytskyi

Vinnytsya

Odesa

Ivano-Frankivsk

L’viv

Dnister-Prut BDWR

Introduction of GIS Prut and Siret basins with

modeling the passing of emergencies.

System’s structure :

- digital heights model,

- detailed vector maps,

- maps of flooded areas,

-thematic layers (hydrographic objects, towns,

relief, hydrotechnical structures),

-basis of geographic and attribute data),

- forecasting model of potential risks

Producing a GIS portal to ensure a single point of

access to geoinformational resources

DESIGNING OF GIS PLATFORM FOR

RIVER FORECASTING AND

MANAGEMENT OF WATER

RESOURCES

Meteorological

forecasting model

Satellite

information

including data on

snow cover

Forecasting of

precipitationsTerrestrial

weather

information

Models of the flow ,snowmelt

and rainfall

Models of the dynamics of

dissemination of flood waves in

rivers and floodplains

Informing of

neighboring

countries

Forecasting of

levels and water

consumption

Information for

crisis centers

Warning and

informing people

Information for justification

of flood events

Information for

agencies and

authorities

Flood activities

Meteoradar

Hydro

forecast

ing

DIAGRAM OF THE

AIMS

INCREASING OF EFFICIENCY

FOR DECISION MAKING

GEOINFORMATIONAL PORTAL

Geoinformational portal will provide association of flood protection systems of Ukraine, Romania,

Moldova, and access to information on water management situation

online.

ANALYTICAL DISPATCH CENTER

AND REACTION FORCES

The structure of the analytical dispatchg center

(ADC) of Dnister-Prut Basin Department of Water

Resources includes 3 dispatch services of subordinated

structures and 10 operational and regular services of

maintenance stations.

To work in emergency there are prepared 8 crews

of emergency, in total 77 workers with their assigned

mechanisms, motor vehicles, craft - total of 58 units

II. SEDIMENT TRANSPORT

MONITORING AND

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL

PROCESSES - MULTIRISK

FOLLOW-UP PROJECT AFTER DANUBE

FLOODRISK – SEDAM PROJECT,

coordinated by Hungary under ICPDR

Hydropower plants

Existing Situation AT THE Danube Basin:

Basin-wide driving forces and impacts

Flood protection

Navigation

Climate change

Changes in land use

Point and diffuse source pollution

GEOMORFOLO-

GICAL

ALTERATION

Hydropower-based Energy

78 barriers along the Danube

5 free-flowing sections

International Waterway

2411 km navigable

(Sulina-Kelheim)

via donau, 2007

Flood protection, risk management

Loss of 80 %

of the original

floodplain

area

Flood risk mapping for planning purpose

Water levels flood zones multirisk spatial planning

ONE system without national borders

Mapping

• The maps in the Danube Floodrisk Project are drawn up at a scale of 1:100.000 and can be zoomed up to a scale of 1:25.000 and 1:10.000 for certain river sectors.

• MAPS PORTAL

3 levels of flood hazard –

downsttream of Calarasi town

example

Evaluation of risk elements

• Dimensions of risk / layers of relevance?

vulnerability

vulnerability

vulnerability

Human health, risk for life

Economy and public services

Environment

Cultural heritage

Subsequent hazard

Disaster Management

vulnerability

vulnerability

vulnerability

4 levels of economical

damage – Giurgiu town

area

Sample using risk element symbols

Aggregate the hydrological data with land cover data