CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION FOR

THERMAL POWER PLANTBASED ON INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

UNDERTAKEN AT

C&I DEPTT., NTPC,DADRI

NATIONAL CAPITAL POWER STATIONNTPC, DADRI

Public Sector Undertaking Has both Thermal Plant & Gas Plant with 840 MW & 817 MW capacities

NCPS Thermal Power Plant

Units Size 4X210 MW Unit Commissioned Unit I October 1991 Unit II December 1992 Unit III March1993 Unit IV March 1994 Coal Source Piparwar Mines, North Karanpura, Jharkhand Water Source Upper Ganga Canal Plant Load Factor 100.5% Man-MW Ratio 0.5 Beneficiary States Delhi, U.P.

PLANT OVERVIEW

CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION

OBJECTIVESSafe Operation of Plant Low Cost of GenerationLong life of Equipments Maximum Efficiency Energy Conservation Low Effects on Environment

“The Brain of the Plant”

C&I IN PLANT HIERARCHY

Deals with pressure measurement

C&I LABS

MANOMETRY LAB

PYROMETRY LAB

PROTECTION & INTERLOCK LAB

AUTOMATION LAB

FSSS LAB

ELECTRONICS TEST LAB

Deals with temperature measurement

Interconnection & interdependence of instrumentsInstruments used for protection

Responsible for starting fire in furnace & its safe operation

Deals with the automation of equipments & processes

Undertakes the calibration & testing of various cards

MEASUREMENT

TEMPERATURE Thermometer Thermocouples RTD Ultraviolet Sensors

LEVEL Sight Glass Float With Gauge Post Float with Pressure Gauge Diaphragm type Sealed tube type Air Purge System

PRESSURE Manometer Bourdon Pressure Gauge Transmitter

FLOW Orifice Flow Meter Venturi Tubes Elbow Meters Flow Nozzle Meters

ANALYZERS Flue gas analyzers Steam & Water Analyzers

DDCMIS

(Distributed Digital Control, Monitoring & Information

System ) Distributed means there

is no centralized control and control is spread across multiple units

Digital means processing of process information is done in digital form using micro-processor based hardware

MIS interfaces the human with process using computers

DDCMIS

MMIPIS

DATA COMMUNICATION

SYSTEM(DATA HIGHWAY)

CONTROL SYSTEM

(HARDWARE)

MMIPIS(Man – Machine Interface & Plant Information System)

FUNCTIONS

VPC Operation Provide information through various displays Long term storage Performance & other calculations

MMI user interface where interaction between humans & machines takes place receives feedback from machines aids operator in making decisions includes –monitors, printers, recorders, indicators, etc.

PIS captures & stores data related to processes recreates plant history for future analysis generates data for end-users for making efficient & quick decisions

OPERATOR WORK STATION DISPLAY1. MIMIC Display: graphical display that simultaneously display on one panel different

types of dynamic & static data

2. Trend Display: shows time dependent values in the form of curves (x-t graph)

3. X-Y Display: shows x-y plot of its inputs which are scalar

4. Operator Guidance Display: utilized to display operator guidance information in response to operator initiation 5. System & Diagnostic Display: helps to access the state of the plant sub-systems; indicates a fault condition; provides recommendations

6. Fault Analysis Display: information regarding pre-fault, fault, post-fault conditions; time calculation based on the values of the digital signal; data base and statistical analysis of fault location & fault types

7. Sequence Display: provides a sequence based view of plant operation; identical to sequence layout of the plant

8. Bar Control Display : sections that require frequent observation are put on this display

ALARM ANNUNCIATION SYSTEM

In the plant, when a process parameter goes to abnormal limit, the operated is to be alerted immediately so that he can take corrective actions to bring the parameter back to normal. This is accomplished by ‘Alarm Annunciation System’. This is important for plant safety.

CONTROL ROOM

Reset Test

Provided with a set of push button switches

Ack.

Corrective measure is taken accordingly

CONTROL SYSTEM-HARDWARE

PROCONTROL P

Supplied by BHEL

Modular Electronics

Programmable Processors

Data Acquisition

Remote Multiplexing

Dedicated modules Flexible in configuration Easy to install Provided with sensors

Microprocessor based Simple to program High speed computation Work independently from remote multiplexing system

Accurate signal digitalization with dedicated converters Robust against electrical noise Work independently from programmable processors

Extremely high data transmission & distributed solutions to far closed loop controls Redundant multi channel configuration

PROCONTROL MODULES

INPUT MODULE

OUTPUT MODULE

PROCESSOR MODULE

DRIVE MODULE

BUS COMMUNICATION

MODULE

Receives the process signals, convert them to digital form & communicate the value on local bus

Receives the value from local bus & gives output to the process field

Executes all the logics that are programmed into itLogics are programmed using P10 language

Used for controlling different types of process actuating elementsHave inbuilt predefined logics

1.Bus Traffic Director: Controls communication process on the bus2. Bus Coupler: Connects the local bus to the IPB3.Bus End Module: Used to terminate the local bus

Thank You!!

Energy is Life

Lets Conserve it…