Nematology 100

Lecture 13 Slides

Nacobbus aberrans

Tylenchulus semipenetrans- citrus

citrus replants- control vs. preplant fumigation

Tylenchulus semipenetrans- citrus- chemical control trials, California

untreated control

1,3 dichloropropene-1,2 dichloropropane, preplant DBCP application, Coachella

Tylenchulus semipenetrans- fruit size, grapefruit- chemical control trial, Arizona

Rotylenchulus reniformis

Rotylenchulus reniformis- cotton

R. reniformis- cowpea

R. reniformis- soybean

Rotylenchulus reniformis- nematicide trial, pineapple, Hawaii

Nacobbus aberrans, Mexico

IN MÉXICO: IN MÉXICO:

- First report by - First report by Bruner in pepper crops (1967). Bruner in pepper crops (1967).

- Impact: - Impact:

+ + Hidalgo State.- Abandon production. Hidalgo State.- Abandon production. + Tecamachalco, Puebla.- Losses of 83%. + Tecamachalco, Puebla.- Losses of 83%. (Cid del Prado et al., 1997, Cristóbal, 2001).(Cid del Prado et al., 1997, Cristóbal, 2001).

-- Wide host range. Wide host range.

-- High population density in the field High population density in the field..

- Resistant to adverse condition.- Resistant to adverse condition.

-- Host roots severely galled. Host roots severely galled.

Nacobbus aberransNacobbus aberrans

N. aberransN. aberrans distribution in Mexico distribution in Mexico

Cid del Prado Cid del Prado et alet al. (1991).. (1991).

TOMATOTOMATO((Lycopersicon esculentum Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.Mill.))

CHILI PEPPERCHILI PEPPER((Capsicum annuum Capsicum annuum L.L.))

BEANSBEANS((Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus vulgaris L.L.))

- Complete life cycle (40-45 days) and maximum abundances of - Complete life cycle (40-45 days) and maximum abundances of each stage in the roots.each stage in the roots.

((Cid del Prado Cid del Prado et al.et al., 1995b; Cid del Prado , 1995b; Cid del Prado et al.et al., 1997a, 1997a).).

- Maximum abundances in tomato crops: - Maximum abundances in tomato crops:

1) J2 at 6, 11, 15 and 22 weeks after transplanting.1) J2 at 6, 11, 15 and 22 weeks after transplanting.

2) J3 at 4, 8 and 16 2) J3 at 4, 8 and 16 weeks after transplantingweeks after transplanting. .

- Adult females are evident in the second and third week after - Adult females are evident in the second and third week after transplanting. Abundances may reach 20 females/g root (16transplanting. Abundances may reach 20 females/g root (16thth week).week).

((Cid del Prado Cid del Prado et al.et al., ,

19971997). ).

- - N. aberransN. aberrans J3 J3 andand J4 J4 survive under field conditions without a survive under field conditions without a host for one year.host for one year.

- J3 and J4, possibly in anhydrobiotic state, are the primary - J3 and J4, possibly in anhydrobiotic state, are the primary inoculum infecting susceptible hosts the next year.inoculum infecting susceptible hosts the next year.

- Survival of J3 and J4 increases if they are in root fragments. - Survival of J3 and J4 increases if they are in root fragments.

- Eggs and J2 do not survive without a host or under adverse - Eggs and J2 do not survive without a host or under adverse conditions. conditions.

(Cristóbal, 2001). (Cristóbal, 2001).

Without nematodes With nematodes

Roots Foliage

Without nematodes With nematodes

Roots Foliage

Ignacio Cid del Prado and colleagues - Mexico

ControlOrganic Material

+Pochonia chlamydosporia

Improved varieties:Improved varieties:

Bayo MecentralBayo Mecentral, , Flor de Mayo M-38Flor de Mayo M-38, , Bayo INIFAPBayo INIFAP, , Negro Puebla Negro Puebla and and Río Río

GrandeGrande..

Criollas varieties:Criollas varieties:

Amarillo CalpanAmarillo Calpan, , Black QuerétaroBlack Querétaro, , Negro San LuísNegro San Luís, , Flor de Junio Criollo Flor de Junio Criollo

and and Flor de Mayo CriolloFlor de Mayo Criollo..

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Management Chicken manure Control Oxamyl

To

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a-1

Total tomato production under different Total tomato production under different N. aberransN. aberrans control strategiescontrol strategies

INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT FOR INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT FOR N. aberransN. aberrans