Neurotransmitter Chart

Adenosine Acetylcholine Noradrenalin Adrenalin Phenylethylamine Endogenous Opioids

FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS

Sleep initiationOne of the main sleep moleculesInhibits the release of glutamic acid and aspartic acid

Parasympathetic nervous system Memory. Learning attention spanREM sleep Release gastric acid and digestive enzymes Peristaltic action

Arousal REM sleep Attention, concentration, memory formation, storage & retrieval Stimulates release of hormones that stimulate thymus gland Modulate serotonergic & dopaminergic neurons

Fight or flight response-sympathetic nervous systemConstricts blood vessels Dilates air passages Increases heart rate

AlertnessMental activity Inhibit breakdown of endogenous opioidsRelease of norepinephrine and dopamine

Release/modulation of dopamine: inhibit transmission of excitatory pathways Decrease pain sensation Reinforcement and reward Euphoria

DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS

Poor sleep initiation InsomniaAnxietyIrritabilityOveractive mind

Sympathetic dominance Short-term memory problems Age-related cognitive decline Constipation/digestive dysfunctionPoor sleep maintenance and initiation Muscle tension

Chronic stress/fatigue/pain Poor long term memory Depression Stress urinary incontinence

Hypotension Hypoglycaemia Chronic stress & exhaustion Short attention span Low pain tolerance

DepressionADD Fatigue Anxiety Low pain tolerance

Low pain tolerance Addictive tendencies Carbohydrate cravings Tension/Anxiety/StressDwell over major life eventsDepression Alcohol cravings

EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS

Unlikely to occur Unlikely to happen Panic disorder Panic disorder Insomnia Hypertension Migraine

Unlikely to happen

SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT

DEFICIENCYAdenosine

DEFICIENCYAcetyl-L-Carnitine, Choline, B1, B5, B12, Folinic acid and/orBrahmi, Gingko, Lemonbalm, Withania, Alpha lipoic acid

DEFICENCY Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Cacao, Siberian Ginseng, Rhodiola

EXCESSAlpha Lipoic acid

DEFICIENCY Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Theobroma Cacao, Siberian Ginseng, Rhodiola, Licorice, Selenium, P-5-P

EXCESSBetacarotene, vitamin A, C & E and/or Glutamine, Taurine, Zinc & P-5-P

DEFICIENCY Phenylalanine, Glutamine, Zinc & Magnesium and/or Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Theobroma Cacao, Siberian Ginseng, Rhodiola, Licorice, Selenium, P-5-P

EXCESS Glutamine, Taurine, Zinc & P-5-P

DEFICIENCY DL- Phenylalanine, Glutamine, Zinc & Magnesium

CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS

N/A Anti-coagulant medications Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Antidepressants Thyroid medications ACE inhibitors Lithium Diabetic medication

Benzodiazepines Anti-epileptic medication

PKU Antidepressants

PKUAntidepressants Benzodiazepines Anti-epileptics

This information is for healthcare professionals only (references available on request)This chart is designed as a quick reference tool to help assess possible neurotransmitter deficiency or excess signs. It is not designed as a diagnostic tool.

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Neurotransmitter Chart

0681016

Serotonin Melatonin Dopamine GABA Glutamate HistamineFUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS

Control of eating/appetiteRegulation of painRegulation of Mood Pain Control Correct functioning digestion Regulation of arousal state & sensory perception may inhibit glutamate activity

Regulation of circadian rhythmsSleep promotion Regulation of GABA receptors

MotivationMoodMemoryMovement

Main inhibitory neurotransmitterRole in sleep maintenance Vision & Motor control

Main excitatory neurotransmitter Memory, learning attention and concentration

Arousal and wakefulnessHCl production Appetite, drinking and eating behaviour May modulate other neurotransmitters Promotes brain alpha wave activity

DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS DEFICIENCY SIGNS

Depression-worse during winter Anxiety/social anxiety AggressionOCD tendenciesCarbohydrate cravings Frequent constipation Low pain intolerance Poor dream recall Insomnia Impulsive tendencies Low self-esteem

InsomniaFrequent migraines / headachesFibromyalgia / Chronic PainHypertensionTension / anxiety

Addictive tendencies Tremors/restless legs Low libido Lacking motivation Depression mental exhaustion Dull, boring dreams Forgetfulness

Anxiety/panic attacksAlcohol cravingInsomnia SeizuresDwell over stressful situations

Unlikely to happen Low stomach acid Food allergies Chemical/medicinal sensitivities Free-floating anxiety Always wants more sleep Schizophrenia DepressionBinge eating/drinkingFatigue, brain fogLow libido Social phobia

EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS EXCESS SIGNS

Confusion Extreme agitation Muscle twitching GI distress/nausea

May be due to cannabis use Aggression Schizophrenia

Unlikely to happen AgitationPoor memory, focus & concentration Mania

Seasonal allergies Tolerant to pharmaceuticalsLow sleep requirement Schizophrenia Anxiety/depressionChronic alcoholism HeadachesParanoia

SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT SUPPLEMENTAL TREATMENT

DEFICIENCY Tryptophan, Ornithine, Glycine, Serine, B3, Magnesium and/or 5HTP and/or St John’s Wort, Saffron, Withania, Rhodiola

EXCESSGlutamine, Taurine, Zinc & P-5-P

DEFICIENCYTryptophan, Ornithine, Glycine, Serine, Magnesium and/or 5HTP and/or SAMe and/or St John’s Wort, Saffron, Withania, Rhodiola

DEFICIENCY Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Theobroma Cacao, Siberian Ginseng, Rhodiola, Licorice, Selenium, P-5-P

EXCESSGlutamine, Taurine, Zinc & P-5-PBeta-carotene, vitamin A, C & E

DEFICIENCY Kava Kava, Zizyphus, Magnolia, Passionflower & Lemonbalmand/or Glutamine, Taurine, Zinc & P-5-P

EXCESSGreen Tea and/or Magnesium & Potassium

DEFICIENCY Histidine & P-5-P

EXCESS SAMe Vitamin C

CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS/CAUTIONS

Antidepressants OCPMethotrexate Anticonvulsants Anti-epileptic medication

Antidepressants Bipolar disorder

Antidepressants, Lithium ACE inhibitors BenzodiazepinesAntiepileptic medication

Barbituates Benzodiazepines

Anticoagulant Antihistamines Bipolar disorder

This information is for healthcare professionals only (references available on request)This chart is designed as a quick reference tool to help assess possible neurotransmitter deficiency or excess signs. It is not designed as a diagnostic tool.

Midazolam BarbituratesLithium Benzodiazepines