New Zealand Advanced Network –update and outlook

Charles JarvieAdvanced Network Implementation ManagerMinistry of Research, Science andTechnology

Discussion points

• New Zealand’s context• Government Objectives• Advanced Network process• Architecture• Tariff principles• NZ Tertiary Education and Crown Research

Institute context• Interim Capability Build

New Zealand in Science

Number of Science Publications per 1000 Population - 2001(There is no total OECD figure available). Source: OECD (number of ISI-indexed

publications per 1000 inhabitants – includes social sciences and agriculture).

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Sw

itzer

land

Isra

el

Sw

eden

Den

mar

k

Fin

land

Uni

ted

Kin

gdom

Net

herla

nds

Nor

way

Aus

tral

ia

Can

ada

New

Zea

land

Uni

ted

Sta

tes

Bel

gium

Aus

tria

Ger

man

y

Fra

nce

Japa

n

Gre

ece

Hun

gary

Kor

ea

New Zealand in Science (2)

Scientific Productivity per Research Dollar Spent - 2001

(Papers per research dollar (US$M). There is no total OECD figure available). Source: OECD STI Scoreboard 2003

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

New Zealand in Science (3)

Relative international impact of New Zealand authored papers in different subjects compared with world means

1997-2001. Source: Thompson – ISI New Zealand National Citation Report Database

1997-2001

0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.4

Agricu

lture

/Vet

/Env

ir

Biolo

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igh

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Biolo

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hem

ical S

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cien

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Engin

eerin

gIn

form

atio

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ence

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atic

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edic

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ealth

Sci.

Physic

al S

cienc

es

Rel

ativ

e in

tern

atio

nal

imp

act

World Mean

Government Objectives

In 2004 the Government Steering Group was directed by Cabinet to pursue the following outcomes:

1. Enable leading e - research (science and humanities)

2. Facilitate universal connectivity

3. Encourage broad participation by R&E sectors

4. Connect R&E sectors to the innovation sector for pre-development initiatives

5. Facilitate participation by multiple telecommunications sector partners

Science for New Zealand’s

future…picking up the pace…

Advanced Network Process

• Project approved by Government May, 2004• Draft Network Use Policy released September

2004• Draft Architecture released for comment

October, 2004• RFI Released October 2004• Initial Implementation Scenario confirmed

December 2004

New Zealand – its national network challenges

New Zealand – the atlas view of international network challenges

Baseline International Connectivity

Equinix Facility, Los Angeles

Equinix Facility, Sydney

AN Facility, Auckland

AARNet

Los Ossos

Hillsboro

Alexandria

TakapunaWhenuapai

Key: Red = SX cable network & cable stationsGreen = AJC cable network & cable stationsBlack = Backhaul and tail circuitsER = Advanced Network Edge Router.

Advanced Network

Kahe Point

Spencer BeachBrookvale

Gateway Router

AN Domestic Router

San Jose

Equinix Facility, Seattle

Pacific Wave

Pacific Wave

APAN

Abilene & Other International

Networks

APAN

Maruyama

Paddington

Guam

KDDI Otemachi Facility, Tokyo

APAN Networks

ER ER

ER

ER

PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL NETWORK CONFIGURATION

Project Timetable

• 1st RFPs closed 14 February 2005– Main centre backbone, operational management and service

provision, PoPs, network design and equipment

• International arrangements concluded by June 2005• 2nd RFPs closed April 2005

– Various provincial links to backbone

• Interim capability building projects started March 2005• Indicative tariffs developed in April 2005 for initial

member consultation• ANCo to be formed June 2005• Backbone service rollout from 4Q 2005

Tariff Principles – the NREN chestnut

• Must avoid setting high “table stakes”

• Objective to have ANCo to be self-sustaining including provision for “keeping advanced”.

Note: At this stage AN is not planning to offer “off net” service so users should maintain a link to their existing ISPs. However the option remains open.

Tariff Scenarios

Several approaches to assessing individual membership and connection fees have been considered:

1. Flat fee for membership and connection charges i.e. same for everyone

2. Related to institutional income i.e. related to “ability to pay”

– Total income– Research income and “other” income

3. Full time student and staff headcount 4. Combinations of above

Other NREN tariff examples• Australian Academic and Research Network uses the following

approach to assess institutional membership:

– 75% based on total research income– ~25% teaching & learning ($1/student and $3/staff)– Balance is a multi-site connectivity fee if applicable.

• UKERNA/JANET - assess membership based on total income all sources

• Internet2 - flat US$250K per university

• Orion, Canada – tiered, based on income for universities and pupil numbers for school boards

NZ University and Crown Research Institute Context

• Population includes a small number of relatively large organisations which dominate

• Many smaller tertiary organisations do not have much or any research income

• Ratio of “research” income to “other” income is highly variable even in the larger organisations

• CRIs do not have student headcount

Role of Crown Research Institutes

Percentage of research carried out by CRIs and government departments funded by business

New Zealand data 2001/02, published in 2003. Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators 2004/2 Table 55

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

Polan

d (2

002)

New Z

eala

nd (2

001)

Nethe

rland

s (20

02)

Finlan

d (2

002)

Belgiu

m (2

001)

Slova

k Rep

ublic

(200

3)

Norway

(200

1)

Unite

d Kin

gdom

(200

2)

Czech

Rep

ublic (

2003

)

Franc

e (2

002)

Irelan

d (2

003)

Mex

ico (2

001)

Luxe

mbo

urg

(200

0)

Hunga

ry (2

003)

Austra

lia (2

000)

Korea

(200

3)

Denm

ark (2

002)

Icela

nd (2

001)

Spain

(200

2)

Portu

gal (

2001

)

Total

OECD (2

002)

Italy

(200

3)

Ger

man

y (20

03)

Canad

a (2003

)

Gre

ece (2

001)

Sweden

(200

1)

Turke

y (2

002)

Japa

n (2

002)

Unite

d Sta

tes (

2003

)

%

Interim Capability Build Activity

Capability Build underway in 5 areas to reduce utilisation lag:– Technical workshops on BGP, IPv6, etc– Access Grid demonstrations and “cookbook”

preparation– Overseas visitor programme – to NZ– NZ researchers to overseas upskilling programs– Network measurements – WAND group

Funding policy development for ongoing capability building.

Summary of Approach and Conclusions:

• Not just a “high performance” network• Not just a “national” network• Policy and funding for good R&E outcomes

using a new tool• Encouragement for sustained national and

international collaboration• Recognition that cooperation through technical

platforms contributes to better economic and social outcomes internationally

Science for New Zealand’s

future…picking up the pace…

Thank you

Charles JarvieAdvanced Network Implementation Manager

Ministry of Research, Science and Technologycharles.jarvie@morst.govt.nz