NHS Scotland Clinical Models

Dr Paul Miller – paulmiller@nhs.net

Current designs• HSCIC Messaging –

GP2GP• NHS Scotland SCI XML• NHS Wales IHR• dm+d• RCP Core Clinical

Headings• RCP Standards for

structure & content

• Emergency Care Summary

• EMIS• Vision• OpenHR – MIG• Adastra• Gemscript• FDBE• HL7v3

Models!

Computable Clinical Model

• The representation of a clinical concept in a structured format in computer software

If…

My Model Your Model=My Model Your Model

MessagesMy Model Your Model≠

Common Model

My Model Your Model

Maps to & from Maps to & from

≠

?70, 80, 90 years??!!

Our Data

Application 1 Application 2

Application 3 Application 4

Archetype

SystolicDiastolic

Korotkoff

Laterality

Site

PositionDevice

Cuff Size

Date

Templates

Date

Systolic

Diastolic

Date

Systolic Diastolic Korotkoff

Position Laterality

Clinical Knowledge Manager

Adverse Reactions

Lessons

• Usability• eHealth / Informatics knowledge

Community• Leadership• Administrative Support

Outputs

IngredientsDrug Groups

Dose Syntax?

Other models?

GP

GP

GP

ECS

OOH

Pharmacies

Community

Core Medication

Record

Plans

• Publicity• Engagement• Education• Support• Timetable• Implementation

‘Clinical Archetype’

• Is a ‘clinical model’• Has all the items (elements)• Fully defined• More than most clinicians require

CKM is:

Structured Data

• Not just view!– Your computer is not a projector

• Computable, machine process-able data– Reduce or eliminate re-keying– Decision support

• Data rich records = Better Medicine– = Happy, healthy people

One Record?

• Always runs into boundaries• Unable to adapt to multiple care contexts• Reliant on the interface– The data should be separate from the interface

• Proprietary lock in• Instead– Multiple front ends– Common data models

For Example

Clinical Term

Value

Unit of Measure

Date

What is a Model?

• A representation of a real world object or phenomenon

Process and Progress

Lessons

Next Steps

Objectives

The big picture

Become involved

Clinical Template

• Just the bits you need– Systolic / Diastolic– Not Cuff, position, laterality

• Allows for context• Can use elements from other Archetypes• Flexible, complex, adaptable models

Proc

• Hand written prescriptions

• Computer printed prescription

• Transmitted Prescriptions

• New models of prescribing

• New uses for prescribing data

• New

• Clinical Requirements• Developer Requirements• Rapid, repsoni

What is this about?

• Medication Messages– Safe– Easy– Reliable– Computable

• Objectives– Save work– Save money– Reduce harm– Save lives

Provide a 21st century solution to medication

To last till the 22nd Century?

What needs to happen?

• Every system needs to be able to– Express– Store– Exhange– Clinical data in the same

way.

Medication Messages

ECS / KIS

SAS

NHS24

OOH - Adastra

Portals

SCI Gateway Hospitals

ePharmacy Community Pharmacies PSD

So what’s the problem?

• It’s complicated• The words used• The concepts• The culture• The requirements• The solutions• The political will

What’s the solution

• Models• What is a model anyway?• Eiffel Tower• Pretty people• CAD• In health care this means:

What’s out there?• SCI XML• EMIS• Vision• Adastra• SCI GW• ECS / KIS• HEPMA• ePharmacy

And yet:

• Atenolol is Atenolol wherever you put it IRL• We have dm+d– This does the medicine– But not the ‘order’ or ‘prescription’

• We need clinical input.• We need developer input• How do we get this?

CKM

• The story so far• What we get out the box• Tricky things:– Learning– Navigation– Concepts– Core knowledge

Community

The Difficutly with Allergies

The dose / product conudnrum

Next Steps

Solutions and outputs

Become involved

Medication Models

• Ah the problem

What does this do

How we fix this

What is a computer model?

• The representation of a real world concept, object or phenomenon in computer software

NHS Scotland Clinical Models

• We need models!• Bring together clinical and technical• Simple, agile, iterative• Open Source• Join in:– http://www.clinicalmodels.org.uk/ckm/