Nico van Driel

NIN symposium, 17 November 2006

Transponders en Alternatieven

NLR Testprojecten

2

Systems

•SSR transponder, Mode A/C

•SSR transponder, Mode S

•VHF Datalink Mode 2 (VDL-2)

•VHF Datalink Mode 4 (VDL-4)

3

ADS-B

AUTOMATIC DEPENDENT SURVEILLANCE – BROADCAST

MODE-S: ADS-B OUT

VDL-4: ADS-B OUT/IN

4

NLR VDL Projects

• Airborne Separation Assistance System (ASAS)

• Mediterranean Free Flight (MFF)

• TMA spacing

• Relative positioning

• Eurocontrol Link2000

5

NLR Researchvliegtuigen

6

MFF was a TEN-T European Project, co-funded by the European Commission

Partners in the MFF project:� ENAV (Italy, Coordinator), AENA (Spain), DNA (France), Eurocontrol, HCAA (Greece), MATS (Malta), NATS (United Kingdom), NLR (Netherlands) and SCAA-LFV (Sweden)

MFF was a pre-operational programme aimed at defining, testing and validating ASAS applications and procedures in selected Mediterranean scenarios.

Introduction

NLR

7

Flight Trials – Inside the NLR aircraft

TMX RFMS+ASAS EFIS“Target”

ethernetRS232

ADS-B

“other traffic”

8

ASAS consists of:� Automatic Dependent Surveillance -Broadcast (ADS-B) system (VDL-4 in MFF)

� Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI), on Navigation Display (ND)

� Conflict prevention or Predictive ASAS (PASAS)

� Conflict Detection and Resolution (CD&R) algorithms, symbologyand alerting logic

� Specific tools and functions

Airborne Separation Assistance System

9

Flight Trials - Organisation

V

X Y

Z

W

Amsterdam (EHAM)

A

P

H

C

R

I

G

B

Q

D

S

N

F

M

( E )

Rome (LIRF)

10

Flight Trials – Inside the NLR aircraft

Experimental display in front of standard instruments –PFD / ND layout

Experimental display in front of standard instruments –CDU / ND layout

11

Flight Trials – ADS-B Performance

ADS-B coverage was good on all flights. Small gaps are due to antenna shielding in turns.

ADS-B update interval was once every 1.5 seconds, with 1 second standard deviation, when selected update interval was once per second.

Average ADS-B reception rate between 70 and 90% was adequate.

95th percentile for ADS-B update interval at 20 nm (3 seconds) shows compliance with the requirements from DO-242A (7 seconds).

ADS-B reception of PH-NLZ during turn of PH-LAB, on-board of PH-LAB, 23 June 2005

X

53.6

53.7

53.8

4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

Longitude (deg)

Latit

ude

(deg

)

Waypoints PH-NLZ

12

Conclusions

VDL-4 ADS-B implementation in MFF meets the performance requirements for ADS-B.

MFF flight trials have shown that ASAS Spacing, ASAS Separation and ASAS Self-Separation applications can successfully be build upon ADS-B.

ASAS is taken from concept and simulation studies to flight trials and extensive safety analysis in MFF.

13

EELDE Flight Test – TMA Spacing project

14

Flight Trials Objectives

Flight Trials objectives:� Explore ASAS as enabler for time-based sequencing in the TMA during a Continuous Descent Approach.

15

EELDE Flight Test Scenario

Scenario

16

EELDE Flight Test Scenario

Route and profile for ASAS spacing flight test in the Eelde TMA.

Scenario

7.5

T/D

EHGG29000’210 kt

EHGG19000’210 kt

EHGG37200’210�180 kt

EHGG44700’180 kt

SO2900’180�160 kt

FAF2000’160 kt

OM1275’160�140 kt

17

ATC Script

Procedures

Event Eelde ApproachController

AircrewCitation

(PH-LAB)

AircrewMetro

(PH-NLZ)

Take-off / Missed approach

Vector both aircraft to first leg.- 9000 ft, 210 KIAS- At point EHGG1� Inbound point EHGG2� Separation 7 miles

(+/- 0.5 mile)

During vectoring PAB, target PHNLZ

PAB, target correct

target PHNLZ, PAB

PAB, target PHNLZ, 11 o’clock, 9 miles, 1000 feet above

18

ATC Script

Procedures

Event Eelde ApproachController

AircrewCitation

AircrewMetro

PH-NLZ at point EHGG1(Inbound point EHGG2)

PLZ, Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23 *

Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23, PLZ

PH-LAB at point EHGG1(Inbound point EHGG2)

PAB, Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23*

Cleared for EELDE ONE Approach Rwy 23, PAB

PH-LAB between EHGG1 and EHGG2

PAB, Behind target, remain 105 seconds behind

Behind target remain 105 seconds behind, PAB

PH-NLZ on Final PLZ, Contact Tower on 118.7 ** 118.7, PLZ

PH-LAB on final PAB, Contact Tower on 118.7 ** 118.7, PAB

PH-LAB at OM Cancel follow mode, and decel to 140 KT IAS

* The instruction implies clearance to fly the special route, vertical profile and ILS approach toRunway 23. A continuous descent will be flown so as to reach the FAF at 2000’.

** As required by Eelde Approach

19

Symbology on ND

Flight Deck

Navigation Display:

� Target aircraft� Spacing indicator (+/- 5 sec)� ASAS mode annunciator

20

Symbology on PFD

Flight Deck

Primary Flight Display:

� ASAS Follow speed (FLW)� Zero closure rate speed (---)

21

Preliminary Results Results

TMA Spacing, Spacing Interval, Mean and Standard de viation

105.4 105.4

104.3

106.2

103.8

104.8

99

101

103

105

107

109

111

EHGG2 EHGG3 EHGG4 SO FAF23 OM23

Spa

cing

Inte

rval

, sec

onds

22

Preliminary Conclusions

� Spacing performance is very accurate: within seconds

� Aircraft turn behaviour gives unwanted spacing

behaviour

– introduce ‘arc-to-point’ (RF) legs or fly-over waypoints, or

– only control to a desired spacing at Final Approach Fix or Outer

Marker

Conclusions

23

Imagine .........

�Accurate spacing performance during the

complete initial approach.....

�Standard deviation in the order of seconds....

�While performing a Continuous Descent

Approach (CDA).......

�What does this mean ?

Conclusions

�it means ASAS Spacing is a potential enabler for low noiseoperations in daytime.

24

Imagine .........

� It means ASAS Spacing is a potential

enabler for low noise operations in

daytime

�But when?

– Standards are currently being defined by

RTCA/EUROCAE

– UPS is performing its Louisville Technology

Demonstration: Continuous Descent Arrival &

ASAS Merging & Sequencing operations

Conclusions

25

Wake Vortex A-340

26

Meetopstelling aan boord van de Metro

27

LINK 2000+

• Flight trials for testing VDL Mode 2 infrastructure for EUROCONTROL Link 2000+

• VDL Mode 2 coverage

• Performance of handoffs between ground stations

• End-to-end testing

• Commercial avionics equipment

28

Link 2000+ avionics in Citation

29

Questions?

End