nirav chemical gnr eia

FORM-1, COMPLIANCE OF TOR, EIA/AMP REPORT

“Category 5 (f) – A”

(Synthetic Resin industry)

OF

NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES

Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate,

Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar,

Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad-382 213

Proposed Capacity: Synthetic Resin production up to 2300 MT/Month.

Project Cost: Rs. 402.10 Lac

Study Period – Post Monsoon

Authorized Signatory: Mr. Nirav K. Pathak (Partner)

E-mail: [email protected]

Mobile no.: 98243 23130

ENKAY ENVIRO SERVICES An IS0 9001 :2008 Certified Company Empanelled Environmental Consultant

with RSPCB and NABET accreditation listed at serial no. 42) LB-6, Lower Ground Floor, Corporate Park,

Gopal Bari, Ajmer Road, Jaipur, Rajasthan – 302 001 Phone No.:- 0141-4013996, 4016996, 4026996 Fax No. - 0141-4026996

Website:- www.enkavenviro.com Email id:- [email protected]

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries

Document No. EESPL/NCI/001/355-EC/Ind./2013

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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES – PROPOSED EXPANSION PROJECT OF SYNTHETIC RESIN MANUFACTURING UNIT PLOT NO. 44/1, CHANGODAR INDUSTRIAL ESTATE,

SARKHEJ-BAWLA HIGHWAY, VIL. CHANGODAR, TA. SANAND, DIST. AHMEDABAD, GUJARAT.

S. No. Contents

1. FORM-I 1-20 2. EIA-EMP REPORT 21-217

SECTION -I INTRODUCTION 21-43

1.0 PREAMBLE 22 1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL & RESIN

INDUSTRY 23

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS 24 1.3 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE 26-35 1.4 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT DOCUMENTS 36

1.5 POST ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING 36 1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT 37 1.7 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 38 1.8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 38 1.9 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 39 1.10 INFRASTRUCTURE 42 1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 42 1.12 SCOPE OF WORK 42

SECTION – II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 44-65 2.0 GENERAL 45 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 46 2.2 PLANT LAYOUT 48 2.3 RAW MATERIAL 49 2.4 SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL 50 2.5 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT 50 2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT 51 2.7 POWER REQUIREMENT 52 2.8 SCHEDULE OF APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION 53 2.9 MAN POWER 53 2.10 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 53-65

SECTION – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 66-107 3.0 GENERAL 67 3.1 STUDY AREA 673.2 LOCATION OF MONITORING STATION 68 3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT 70-76 3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 77-79 3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 80-82 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 83-84 3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 84-94 3.8 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 94-107

SECTION – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES

108-128

4.0 GENERAL 109 4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 109 4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 110-120 4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 120-124



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4.4 SOLID WASTE 125 4.5 NOISE POLLUTION 126 4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 127-128

SECTION – V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (Technology and Site) 129-130 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TECHNOLOGY AND

SITE 130

SECTION – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 131-137 6.0 INTRODUCTION 132 6.1

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE

132

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL 133 6.3 MONITORING METHODS 136 6.4 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA 137 6.5 EXECUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 137

SECTION – VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 138-186 7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 139 7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 139 7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 140 7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 141-155 7.4

STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

155-158

7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 158-167 7.6 OFF- SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 168-174 7.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 174-179 7.8 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 179-182

SECTION-VIII

PROJECT BENEFITS 183-185 8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 184 8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184 8.3

EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED; SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED

184

8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 185 SECTION-IX ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 186-187

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS 187 SECTION-X ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 188-198

10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 188-198 SECTION-XI SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 199-214

11.0 INTRODUCTION 200 11.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 203 11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 204 11.3

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

206

11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 209 11.5 PROJECT BENEFITS 21111.6

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION PHASE

211

11.7 CONCLUSIONS 214 SECTION-XII DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT 215-217



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INDEX OF TABLE

LIST OF ANNEXURES I THE LAND REGISTRY DOCUMENT (COPY OF INDEX-2) 218-219 II THE LAST NOC AND CONSENT OF THE GPCB 220-228 III COPY OF TERMS OF REFERENCE ISSUED FROM MOE&F 229-232 IV TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SHOWING 10 KM RADIUS 233 V HYDROLOGY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA 234 VI LAND USE/LAND COVER MAP 235 VII MONITORING DATA OF AIR, WATER, NOISE, SOIL 236-249

TABLE NO.

CONTENT PAGE NO.

1.1 LIST OF PROMOTERS/PARTNERS 38 2.1 LAND USE BREAK-UP 48 2.2 CATEGORY WISE WATER CONSUMPTION 51

3.1 MONITORING LOCATIONS 68 3.2 CLASSIFICATION OF LULC IN STUDY AREA 75 3.3 SOIL MONITORING RESULTS 76 3.4 WATER ANALYSIS REPORT 78 3.5 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE STUDY PERIOD AT PROJECT SITE 80 3.6 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION 80 3.7 SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING 82

3.8 AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING RESULTS 83 3.9 FLORAL SPECIES IN THE STUDY AREA 86

3.10 LISTS OF BIRDS IN THE STUDY AREA WITH ITS DISTRIBUTION AND

MIGRATORY STATUS

90

3.11 MAMMALS FROM THE STUDY AREA 94

3.12 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA 99 3.13 DISTRIBUTIONS OF WORKERS IN THE STUDY AREA 102

3.14 DETAILS OF BASIC AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA 105

4.1 STACK EMISSION DETAILS 113

4.2 PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS 113

4.3 DETAILS OF INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATION OF POLLUTANTS ON SENSITIVE LOCATIONS LIKE HABITATIONS

114

4.4 CO-EFFICIENT OF RUNOFF/IMPERMEABILITY FACTOR [C] 123 4.5 RUN OFF (DISCHARGE) CALCULATION 123

4.6 CALCULATION FOR TOTAL ANNUAL RECHARGE THROUGH RAINWATER HARVESTING STRUCTURE

124

4.7 THE ANTICIPATED QUANTITIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE 125 6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE 136

7.1 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORED, TRANSPORTED AND HANDLED 140

7.2 CATEGORY WISE SCHEDULE OF STORAGE TANKS 141

7.3 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS USED IN THE PLANT 141



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7.4 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR STORAGE AREAS 142

7.5 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS FOR THE WHOLE PLANT IN GENERAL 142

7.6 FIRE EXPLOSION AND TOXICITY INDEX 143

7.7 DAMAGE DUE TO INCIDENT RADIATION INTENSITIES 145

7.8 RADIATION EXPOSURE AND LETHALITY 145

7.9 SCENARIOS CONSIDERED FOR MCA ANALYSIS 146

7.10 PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALS CONSIDERED FOR MODELING 146

7.11 OCCURRENCE OF VARIOUS RADIATION INTENSITIES- POOL FIRE 147

7.12 HAZARDOUS EVENTS CONTRIBUTING TO ON-SITE FACILITY RISK 148

7.13 OFF-SITE ACTION PLAN 151

7.14 RADIATION INTENSITIES FROM POOL FIRE DURING FAILURE OF ACETIC ANHYDRIDE TANK

153

7.15 HAZARDOUS EVENTS CONTRIBUTING TO ON-SITE FACILITY RISK 154

7.16 OFF-SITE ACTION PLAN 171

10.1 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 190

10.2 RECOMMENDED PLANT SPECIES FOR PLANTATION 197

11.1 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 200

11.2 SALIENT FEATURES OF PROPOSED PLANT 203

11.3 MICRO METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR THE STUDY PERIOD AT PROJECT SITE 204

11.4 SUMMARY OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY FOR ALL THE LOCATIONS 205

11.5 PREDICTED 24-HOURLY SHORT TERM INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS 207

11.6 THE ANTICIPATED QUANTITIES OF HAZARDOUS WASTE 208

11.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 209



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INDEX OF FIGURE

FIGURE NO.

CONTENT PAGE NO.

1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS CHARTS 25 1.2 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SHOWING THE PROJECT SITE AND 10 KM STUDY AREA 40 1.3 MAP SHOWING DISTANCE OF SEVERELY POLLUTED AREA FROM THE PROJECT

SITE 41

2.1 GOOGLE IMAGE SHOWING THE AREA WITHIN 10 KM RADIUS FROM THE PROJECT SITE

47

2.2 KEY PLAN & PLANT LAYOUT 49 2.3 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM AFTER PROPOSED EXPANSION 52 3.1 GOOGLE IMAGE SHOWING THE MONITORING LOCATION WITHIN 5 KM RADIUS

FROM THE PROJECT SITE 69

3.2 HYDROLOGY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA 71 3.3 LULC MAP 74 3.4 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM (24 HRS) 81 3.5 POPULATION DENSITY OF THE STUDY AREA 101 3.6 EMPLOYMENT RATIO IN THE STUDY AREA 103 4.1 ISOPLETHS SHOWING MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL

CONCENTRATIONS OF PM10 (POST MONSOON) 115

4.2 ISOPLETHS SHOWING MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF SO2 (POST MONSOON)

116

4.3 ISOPLETHS SHOWING MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONS OF NOX (POST MONSOON)

117

4.4 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF SEPTIC TANK FOLLOWED BY SOAK PIT 122

4.5 SECTION VIEW OF SCHEMATIC DESIGN OF RAINWATER HARVESTING

STRUCTURE IN PREMISES

124

7.1 THREAT ZONE OF THERMAL RADIATION – XYLENE 148

7.2 THREAT ZONE OF CATASTROPHIC EXPLOSION- XYLENE. 150

7.3 THREAT ZONE OF TOXIC CONDITION- ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 151

7.4 THREAT ZONE OF THERMAL RADIATION – ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 152

7.5 THREAT ZONE OF CATASTROPHIC EXPLOSION- ACETIC ANHYDRIDE 154

7.6 ON-SITE EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION CHART 167

11.1 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP SHOWING THE PROJECT SITE AND 10 KM STUDY AREA 202

FORM-1

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NIRAV CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Form- I

FORM-I

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APPENDIX I

(See Paragraph – 6)

FORM - I

I Basic Information

S. no.

Item : Details

1. Name of the Project/s : Nirav Chemical Industries, a proposed expansion in

manufacturing capacity of synthetic Resin.

2. S. No. in the schedule : The proposed project is categorized under A of 5 (f)

{Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye

intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug

formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals,

other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical

intermediates)} column 3 as per the amendment dated

01.12.09 and 04.04.2011 of the EIA Notification of Sept. 14th

2006.

3. Proposed capacity/area/

length/tonnage to be handled

/command area/lease area

/number of wells to be drilled

: Sr. No.

Name of Product/ By-Product

Production Capacity, TPM

Product (Synthetic Resin)

A-1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin 2000

A-2 Alkyd Resin

B-1 Saturated Polyester Resin

300 B-2 Epoxy Resin

B-3 Vinyl Ester Resin

By-Product

1. Methanol 63.0

The total land area available with Nirav Chemical Industries

is 2470 sq. m. The proposed expansion will be carried out

within the same premises.

The total fresh water requirement for existing unit is 11 KLD.

After proposed expansion, it will be increased up to 19.50

KLD. Presently entire water requirement is being met

through common infrastructure of industrial estate (estate’s

common bore well), whose source is ground water and

same source will be utilized after proposed expansion.

4. New / Expansion / Modernization

: Proposed project is expansion in the existing unit for the

manufacturing of various types and grades of Synthetic

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Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 TPM.

5. Existing capacity/Area etc. : At present the unit is manufacturing synthetic resin (Epoxy

resin /polyester resin Epoxy hardener solution) with the

installed capacity of 2000 TPM by formulation activity

only. The area acquired by the unit is 2470.6 Sq. m.

6. Category of project i.e. 'A' or

'B'

: A

7. Does it attract the general

condition? If yes, please

specify.

: No.

8. Does it attract the specific

condition? If yes, please

specify.

: No.

9. Location Plot / Survey / Khasra no. : Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate,

Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Village / Town : Changodar Tehsil : Sanand District : Ahmedabad State : Gujarat

10. Nearest Railway station/Airport along with distance in KM.

: Railway station

Changodar Railway station at 1.0Km

towards West from project site.

Air Port International /Domestic Airport: Ahmedabad :

at 28 km towards NE from project site.

N.H. NH-8A which is about 0.5 km towards West

from project site.

11. Nearest Town, City, District Headquarters along with distance in kms.

: City Ahmedabad city at 22.0 km towards NE from project site.

District Headquarter

Ahmedabad district headquarters at 22.0 km towards NE from project site.

Nearest Town

Ahmedabad at 22.0 km towards NE from project site.

12. Village Panchayat, Zilla

Parishad, Municipal

Corporation, Local body

(Complete postal address with

telephone no. to be given)

: Changodar Gram Panchayat, PO- Changodar, Taluka: Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad - 382 213.

13. Name of the applicant : Mr. Nirav K. Pathak

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14. Registered address : Nirav Chemical Industries

Plot no: 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate,

Sarkhej-Bavla Highway, Village: Changodar,

Ta: Sanand, Dist: Ahmedabad.

Pin: 382 213

15. Address for correspondence: Name : Mr. Nirav K. Pathak

Designation (Owner/ Partner /CEO)

: Partner

Address : Nirav Chemical Industries Plot no: 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bavla Highway, Village: Changodar, Ta: Sanand, Dist: Ahmedabad.

Pin Code : 382 213 E-mail : [email protected] Telephone no. : (M) 98243 23130 Fax No. : --

16. Details of alternative sites

examined, if any. Location of

these sites should be shown

on a Toposheet.

: No alternative sites were examined because the proposed

expansion will be carried out within the existing unit

premises.

17. Interlinked projects : There is no interlinked project

18. Whether separate application

of interlinked project has been

submitted?

: Not applicable

19. If yes, date of submission : Not applicable 20. If no, reason : Not applicable 21. Whether the proposal involves

approval/Clearance under: if

yes, details of the same and

their status to be given.

(a) The Forest (Conservation) Act, (1980)?

(b) The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972?

(c) The C.R.Z. Notification, 1991?

: No

22. Whether there is any : No

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Government Order/Policy relevant/relating to the site:

23. Forest land involved (hectares)

: There is no involvement of forest land

24. Whether there is any litigation

pending against the project

and/or land in which the

project is propose to be set

up?

(a) Name of the Court

(b) Case No.

(c) Orders/directions of the

court, if any and its

relevance with the

proposed project.

: No litigation is pending against the project applicant of this project in any court of law to the best of knowledge

25. Expected cost of the project : The existing project cost is about Rs 111.67 lac and

proposed project cost is estimated to be about Rs. 290.43

lac.

*Capacity corresponding to sectoral activity (such as production capacity for manufacturing, mining lease area and production capacity for mineral production, area for mineral exploration, length for linear transport infrastructure, generation capacity for power generation etc.,) II Activity 1. Construction, operation or decommissioning of the Project involving actions, which will

cause physical changes in the locality (topography, land use, changes in water bodies, etc.)

S. No.

Information/ Checklist confirmation

Yes/No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities /rates, wherever possible) with source of information data

1.1 Permanent or temporary

change on land use, land

cover or topography including

increase in intensity of land

use (with respect to local land

use plan)

No Since the proposed expansion of the project is coming

up in existing plant premises thus there will be no

change on land use, land cover or topography.

1.2 Clearance of existing land,

vegetation and buildings?

No As the proposed expansion will come within the existing

premises therefore no clearance of existing land,

building or vegetation will be carried out.

1.3 Creation of new land uses? No No new land use will be created as the proposed

expansion will be carried out within the existing plant

premises.

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1.4 Pre-construction

investigations e.g. bore

houses, soil testing?

No --

1.5 Construction works? Yes Mainly fabrication & installation of new plant machineries

related work will be done within existing plant premises.

1.6 Demolition works? No No demolition work will be carried out

1.7 Temporary sites used for

construction works or

housing of construction

workers?

No There will be no temporary sites created as the labour

deployed will be local. Thus, there will be no housing

facility or temporary site required for the same.

Temporary storage yard will be provided for the storage

of construction material.

1.8 Above ground buildings,

structures or earthworks

including linear structures,

cut and fill or excavations

No As explained in point no. 1.5 above. The project will

involve excavation of soil during foundation purposes.

Excavation of soil will be very little or insignificant. All the

operation will be carried out in the existing plant so

change in locality due to expansion will be negligible

except localized changes in plant area.

1.9 Underground works including

mining or tunneling?

No No underground activity will be carried out

1.10 Reclamation works? No Not applicable

1.11 Dredging? No Not applicable

1.12 Offshore structures? No Not applicable

1.13 Production and

manufacturing processes?

No Manufacturing of Synthetic Resin using the latest

technology.

1.14 Facilities for storage of goods

or materials?

No All the raw Materials and Finished Product shall be

stored in Storage yards having proper flooring and

roofing.

1.15 Facilities for treatment or

disposal of solid waste or

liquid effluents?

No Solid waste:-

The main source of hazardous waste generation is

discarded bags/ containers from storage and handling of

raw materials and spent/used oil generation from plant

machinery. The ancillary source of hazardous waste

generation from existing as well as proposed

manufacturing activity is process waste. The assumed

quantity and proposed management of solid waste is

given in below table:

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Waste Source

Type of waste

Quantity Physical Chemical

Form

Method of Disposal

Process Process Waste

5 MT

Solid organic

Collection, Storage

Transportation and disposal at safe TSDF site

Raw Material

Storage & Handling

DiscardedDrums/ bags

1 MT

Solid-Inorganic

Decontaminate and Reuse/

Sell

Plant and Machi-neries

Used / Spent

Oil

1.0 KL

Liquid- Organic

Collection, storage and

used as lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF

approved Recycler/

reprocessors

Liquid Effluents:-

There will not be any effluent generation from the

manufacturing activity and about 1.1 waste water will be

generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which

will be reused on land for gardening/plantation purpose

within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero

Effluent Discharge" and hence there will be no need of

any control measures.

The domestic effluent will be discharged to soak pit via

septic tank.

1.16 Facilities for long term

housing of operational

workers?

No There will be no provision made for workers within the

area as the labour employed will be from local area.

1.17 New road, rail or sea traffic

during construction or

operation?

No There will be very negligible traffic increase due to

proposed expansion and will not cause much change in

locality

1.18 New road, rail, air waterborne

or other transport

infrastructure including new

or altered routes and

stations, ports, airports etc?

No As the project site is having very well developed

infrastructure facilities. Therefore, there will not be any

need of new/altered transportation route/station

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1.19 Closure or diversion of

existing transport routes or

infrastructure leading to

changes in traffic

movements?

No Due to the upcoming project, there will be no closure of

existing transport routes or infrastructures leading to

changes in traffic movements.

1.20 New or diverted transmission

lines or pipelines?

No Proposed expansion will be within existing premises and

no transmission lines/pipelines will be developed.

1.21 Impoundment, damming,

culverting, realignment or

other changes to the

hydrology of watercourses

or aquifers?

No No such activity is proposed

1.22 Stream crossings? No --

1.23 Abstraction or transfers of

water from ground or surface

waters?

Yes After expansion the total fresh water requirement will be

19.5 KLD, which will be procured from industrial estate

water supply system.

1.24 Changes in water bodies or

the land surface affecting

drainage or run-off?

No As the proposed project will be within the industrial

estate which does not carry any water bodies or natural

drainage.

1.25 Transport of personnel or

materials for construction,

operation or

decommissioning?

No 26 persons will be employed after proposed expansion.

Transportation of the raw materials and products to

desired destination will be carried out by PUC certified

trucks. Hence, the impact will be negligible.

1.26 Long-term dismantling or

decommissioning or

restoration works?

No Not applicable

1.27 Ongoing activity during

decommissioning which

could have an impact on the

environment?

No Not applicable

1.28 Influx of people to an area in

either temporarily or

permanently?

No During construction phase, there will be influx of semi-

skilled and unskilled labour from the nearby villages.

Local people based on their skill will be employed.

1.29 Introduction of alien species? No --

1.30 Loss of native species or

genetic diversity?

No Not concern

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1.31 Any other actions? No --

2. Use of Natural resources for construction or operation of the Project (such as land,

water, materials or energy, especially any resources which are non-renewable or in

short supply):

Information/checklist

confirmation

Yes /

No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities /rates,

wherever possible) with source of information data

2.1 Land especially undeveloped

or agricultural land (ha)

No The proposed project will be carried out in total land area

of approx 2470 sq. m., Which is located in private

industrial estate of Changodar.

There will not be any need of additional undeveloped or

agricultural land.

2.2 Water (expected source &

competing users) unit: KLD

Yes After expansion the daily fresh water requirement will be

about 19.50 KLD, which will be taken from the Industrial

Estate Water Supply. After proposed expansion, about

1.0 KL will be used for Manufacturing process, 10.0 KLD

will be used for Cooling (make up), 1.0 KLD will be used

for Steam boiler, 1.0 KLD will be used for gardening in

unit premises & 6.5 KLD for domestic purposes in plant.

As per Guidelines issued by Central Ground Water

Authority, Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi vide

Letter No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832, Dated

14/10/2009, the unit falls under Over Exploited Area and

Ground water development in the region is greater than

100%. However, the water requirement of the plant is

19.5 KLD only, which does not exceed the limit of 25.0

KLD as per CGWA guidelines. Thus, it is not mandatory

for the unit to obtain permission from CGWA for the

abstraction of ground water through the private

suppliers.

2.3 Minerals (MT) No There is no major usage of minerals in the proposed

project except stones and grit required for building

construction.

2.4 Construction material –

stone, aggregates, sand / soil

(expected source – MT)

No The project site will have concrete work for

administration building, office, storage room etc. Timber

will be avoided in construction. The building materials

required will be coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,

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structural steel, bricks etc. These will be procured from

local vendors.

2.5 Forests and timber (source –

MT)

No Wood will be required for doors, windows, furniture, etc.

For the proposed expansion project.

2.6 Energy including electricity

and fuels (source, competing

users) Unit: fuel (MT), energy

(MW)

No At present the total connected load of power is about 68

KW and one stand by D. G. Set (50 KVA) has been

installed. The total power requirement after the

proposed expansion is estimated to 135 KW which will

be fulfilled from the grid power supplied by Madhya

Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL). The unit will also

provide one additional D.G. Set (125 KVA) as a stand-by

to suffice the power requirement in case of main power

failure.

2.7 Any other natural resources

(use appropriate standard

units)

No --

3. Use, storage, transport, handling or production of substances or materials, which could

be harmful to human health or the environment or raise concerns about actual or

perceived risks to human health.

S.

No.

Information/Checklist

confirmation

Yes /

No

Details thereof (with approximate quantities/rates,


3.1 Use of substances or

materials, which are

hazardous (as per MSIHC

rules) to human health or the

environment (flora, fauna,

and water supplies)

Yes The storage, transport, handling, etc. of hazardous

substances shall be within the threshold limit as per

MSIHC.

List of Hazardous Substances / Chemicals used are:

Materials Hazardous

Properties

Xylene Flammable

Acetic Anhydride Flammable

Epoxy Resin Non-flammable

Bisphenol A flammable

Caustic Soda Non-flammable

Methacrylic Acid flammable

Di Butyl Tin Oxide Non-flammable

3.2 Changes in occurrence of No Not Envisaged

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disease or affect disease

vectors (e.g. insect or water

borne diseases)

3.3 Affect the welfare of people

e.g. by changing living

conditions?

Yes By providing the employment to local peoples and

various proposed CSR activities there will be

developments in the localized area.

3.4 Vulnerable groups of people

who could be affected by the

project e.g. hospital patients,

children, the elderly etc.,

No --

3.5 Any other causes No --

4. Production of solid wastes during construction or operation or decommissioning

(MT/month)

S.No. Information/Checklist

confirmation

Yes /

No



4.1 Spoil, overburden or mine

wastes

No Not applicable

4.2 Municipal waste (domestic

and or commercial wastes)

Yes Not concerned

There will not be generation of municipal solid waste.

Quantity of commercial waste will be generated and sent

to TSDF site for final disposal.

4.3 Hazardous wastes (as per

Hazardous Waste

Management Rules)

Yes The details of hazardous wastes generation during

operation phase are as follow:

Type of waste

Cat. as per

HWMR Rules

Quantity, per Annum*

Physical-Chemical

Form

Method of Disposal E P T

Process Waste

23.1 3

MT 2

MT 5

MT Solid

organic

Collection, Storage


DiscardedDrums/ bags

33.3 200 kg

800 Kg

1 MT

Solid-Inorganic

Decontaminate and

Reuse/ Sell

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12


Used / Spent

Oil 5.1

0.5 KL

0.5 KL

1.0 KL

Liquid- Organic

Collection, storage and

used as lubricant within the premises /

sell to MoEF approved Recycler/

reprocessors * E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion

4.4 Other industrial process

wastes.

No Not Applicable.

4.5 Surplus product. No There will not be any surplus product.

4.6 Sewage sludge or other

sludge from effluent

treatment.

No Not Applicable.

4.7 Construction or demolition

wastes.

Yes Demolition Wastes: There is no demolition activity is

proposed; hence no demolition waste will be generated.

Construction Waste: Construction waste will be

generated out of which recyclable waste (metal) will be

sold to the vendors. The inert waste (brick, concrete,

masonry, aggregates etc.) will be used for making of

driveway and pathway within the site.

4.8 Redundant machinery or

equipment.

No All machinery / equipment will be installed as per

requirement, the items not required to be used will be

returned to the supplier.

4.9 Contaminated soils or other

materials.

No Not envisaged

4.10 Agricultural wastes. No Not envisaged

4.11 Other solid wastes. No Not envisaged

5. Release of pollutants or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air (Kg/hr)

S.

No.


confirmation

Yes /

No



5.1 Emissions from combustion

of fossil fuels from stationary

or mobile sources.

Yes There will be emission from D.G. set, transportation,

Source Management

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13


Transportation PUC certified vehicles will be used;

plantation will be done at the

periphery of the proposed project

and local species will be planted.

20.12% area will be under green

cover.

D.G. set

(125 KVA)

The D.G. set will be provided with

adequate safe stack height of 9 m

from the ground level of the D.G.

house to regulate the emission within

the permissible norms.

5.2 Emissions from production

processes.

Yes There will be no any process emission generated from

the manufacturing process.

There will be following point source emissions after

proposed expansion

Thermic Fluid Boiler (3 nos.)

Steam Boiler (0.6 TPH) and

DG set (50KVA & 125 KVA), Stand-by

The emission from these sources and control measures

are given in below table:

S.No.

Source Duty Status Fuel Used

Pollutant Chimney Height Existing Proposed

1.

Thermic Fluid Heater - 1(3.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)

Working Stand

by

Agro Waste /

White Coal/ Imported

Coal

Existing – 3.2

MT/Day

Proposed – 5.8

MT/Day

Total After Expansion

- 9.0 MT/Day

PM < 150

mg/Nm3

SO2 < 100 ppm

NOx < 50

ppm

22 (Common)

2. Thermic Fluid Heater - 2(6.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)

N.A. Working

3. Thermic Fluid Heater - 3(6.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)

N.A. Working

4. Steam Boiler (0.6 TPH)

N.A. Working

5. D.G. Set-1 (50 KVA)

Stand by Stand by Diesel 100

Liters/Day

9

6.D.G. Set-2

(125 KVA)Stand by Stand by 9

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14


5.3 Emissions from materials

handling including storage or

transport

Yes

The fugitive emissions will be from vehicular traffic due

to transportation and material handling therefore only

PUC trucks will be used to minimize this effect.

Haul road emission rate due to transportation are given

below:-

PM10 0.07 kg/VKmT

PM 2.5 0.01 kg/VKmT

Exhaust gas emission rate due to transportation

CO 5.45 kg/VKmT

HC 0.78 kg/VKmT

NOx 5.0 kg/VKmT

5.4 Emissions from construction

activities including plant and

equipment

Yes Fugitive dusts from various activities of construction are

expected, which will be temporary in nature.

The fugitive dust emission sources are:

1.Construction operation

Construction operations are significant source of dust

emissions that may have a substantial temporary impact

on local air quality.

Particulate dust emissions from construction are a

function of total land disturbed and the volume of soil

excavated.

2.Road Construction

Particulate dust emissions from road construction

activities are function of the total land disturbed during

construction. The road constructed is used to estimate

the total area disturbed using conversion factors for area

disturbed/road constructed, as a function of road type.

5.5 Dust or odors from handling

of materials including

construction materials,

sewage and waste.

Yes Construction phase:-

During the construction of plant area/office area, dust

will be generated to the tune of 0.062 kg/sq.m./month*.

During the construction of road, same will be generated

to the tune of 0.027 kg/sq.m./month.

*Data based on one of the research study.

Operation phase:-

During manufacturing process, no dust and odour will be

F

15


generated.

5.6 Emissions from incineration

of waste


5.7 Emissions from burning of

waste in open air (e.g. slash

materials, construction

debris)


5.8 Emissions from any other

sources

No --

6. Generation of Noise and Vibration, and Emissions of Light and Heat:

S.

No.


confirmation

Yes/

No



6.1 From operation of equipment

e.g. engines, ventilation

plant, crushers

No The noise will be generated from operation of D.G. Sets,

compressors and pumps.

However, adequate noise and vibration control systems

such as equipment foundation pads, dampeners,

silencers, acoustic enclosures etc. and air Pre heater will

be provided.

Adequate measures like insulation will be provided for

control heat emission.

6.2 From industrial or similar

processes

Yes Major sources of noise pollution will be pumps,

operation plant machinery, compressors and D.G. set

etc. Following measures will be adopted to control the

noise and vibration:-

Optimum selection of machinery tools or equipment

reduces excess noise levels.

Vibrations will be monitored and will be controlled

appropriately.

Foundations and structures will be designed to

minimize vibrations and noise.

Installation of barriers between noise source and

receiver can attenuate the noise levels.

Necessary safety and personal protective equipment

such as ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet etc. will be

provided to the workers.

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16


Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply

with the Factories Act & Rules and will not exceed 75

dB (A) at 1 m distance.

Implementation of green belt (20.12%) within the

premises of plant will help to absorb the noise.

The D.G. set is proposed to be housed in an inbuilt

acoustic enclosure.

Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually

done to avoid excessive noise generation.

Proper designed silencer and noise absorbent

acoustic paneling will be fitted with compartments of

machineries/ equipments & pumps, fans,

compressors that are designed for low speed.

Regular equipment maintenance and better work

habits will be adopted.

6.3 From construction and

demolition

No The construction activities are source of noise pollution.

Noise will be generated from the operation of

machineries.

Name of source Noise Level at 16 m (50

ft) from Source in db

(A)

Noise level at 10m from source (calculated) in

dB (A)

Concrete mixer truck

85 109

Concrete pumpers 70 94 Concrete Vibrators 77 101 Dump truck 83 107 Generator Not

considered 75

(as prescribed byCPCB)

6.4 From blasting or piling No --

6.5 From construction or

operational traffic

No During the construction phase, noise will be generated

from movement of vehicles, earth work, etc. The

construction site will be shielded to avoid the noise

propagation and transportation of the material &

machineries will be carried out at the peak time of the

day.

F

17


During operation phase, raw material and products will

be transported at the peak time of the day.

PUC checked vehicle will be used for transportation

purposes.

20.12% of plant area will be under green cover with local

plant and trees species, which in turn would help

reducing the noise levels.

6.6 From lighting or cooling

systems

No No, Significant contribution of noise/vibration will be from

cooling towers

6.7 From any other sources No --

7. Risks of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants into the

ground or into sewers, surface waters, groundwater, coastal waters or the sea:

S.

No.


confirmation

Yes/

No



7.1 From handling, storage, use

or spillage of hazardous

materials

Yes The raw materials used in process are classified under

hazardous chemicals rules. The chemicals handled will

be done systematically. Since, the use of these

chemicals is confined and the risk due to the same also

during consequences will be limited.

7.2 From discharge of sewage or

other effluents to water or the

land (expected mode and

place of discharge)

No Waste water generated from domestic purpose will be to

the tune of 5.2 KLD. The same will be treated in septic

tank followed by soak pit.

There will be no change in the physical environment as

zero discharge is proposed to be maintained.

7.3 By deposition of pollutants

emitted to air into the land or

into water

Yes Not envisaged.

7.4 From any other sources No No Envisaged

7.5 Is there a risk of long term

build up of pollutants in the

environment from these

sources?

Yes No Envisaged

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18


8. Risk of accidents during construction or operation of the Project, which could affect

human health or the environment

S.

No.


confirmation

Yes/

No



8.1 From explosions, spillages,

fires etc from storage,

handling, use or production of

hazardous substances

Yes All types of hazardous substances shall be suitably

stored in tankages of proper MOCS, adequate safety

precautions will be taken and necessary safety gadgets

shall also be installed as per requirement of safety.

8.2 From any other causes No Common risk in factories such as

Electric shock

Factory explosion

Fire

Hot work such as welding & cutting

8.3 Could the project be affected

by natural disasters causing

environmental damage (e.g.

floods, earthquakes,

landslides, cloudburst etc)?

No However, the unit will be designed and constructed

considering the impact of floods, earthquakes etc.

9. Factors which should be considered (such as consequential development) which could

lead to environmental effects or the potential for cumulative impacts with other existing

or planned activities in the locality

S.

No.


confirmation

Yes /

No



9.1 Lead to development of

supporting cities, ancillary

development or development

stimulated by the project

which could have impact on

the environment e.g.:

Supporting infrastructure

(roads, power supply,

waste or waste water

treatment, etc.)

housing development

extractive industries

supply industries

No As the proposed project is located within private

industrial estate of Changodar Industrial Area of Ta:

Sanand, which is well developed in terms of supporting

infrastructure, housing and industries etc.

F

19


other

9.2 Lead to after use of the site,

which could have an impact

on environment

No Not Concerned

9.3 Set a precedent for later

developments

No Not Concerned

9.4 Have cumulative effects due

to proximity to other existing

or planned projects with

similar effects

No Not Concerned

II Environmental Sensitivity (within 15 km radius) –

S.

No.

Areas Name/

Identity

Aerial distance (within 15kms) proposed project

location boundary.

1 Areas protected under

international conventions,

national or local legislation for

their ecological, landscape,

cultural or other related value

None Not Concerned

2 Areas which are important or

sensitive for ecological

reasons - Wetlands,

watercourses or other water

bodies, coastal zone,

biospheres, mountains, forests

None Not Concerned

3 Areas used by protected,

important or sensitive

species of flora or fauna for

breeding, nesting, foraging,

resting, over wintering,

migration.

None Not Concerned

4 Inland, coastal, marine or

underground waters

None Not Concerned

5 State, National boundaries None Not Concerned

6 Routes or facilities used by the Railway Station:

Changodar : @ 1.0 Km West aerially

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20


public for access to recreation

or other tourist, pilgrim areas

International Domestic Airport

Ahmedabad : @ 28 Km NE aerially

National Highway

NH – 8A : @ 0.5 Km West aerially

7 Defense installations None --

8 Densely populated or built-up

area

Changodar @ 1.0 KM away from project site

Ahmedabad 22.0 KM NE away from the project site

9 Areas occupied by sensitive

man-made land uses

(hospitals, schools, places of

worship, community facilities)

Hospitals,

recreational

places,

temples,

shops,

educational

institution

facilities are

well

developed in

Ahmedabad

8 km towards North-East from the site

10 Areas containing important,

high quality or scarce

resources (ground water

resources, surface resources,

forestry, agriculture, fisheries,

tourism, minerals)

None --

11 Areas already subjected to

pollution or environmental

damage. (those where existing

legal environmental standards

are exceeded)

Yes The project site is located in Ahmedabad

District, which falls at about 10.8 Km in WSW

from Piplej Village and 14.7 Km in WSW from

Narol Industrial Area. A map showing location

of project site in Ahmedabad District and

indicating distance form Piplej Village and

Narol Industrial Area.

12 Areas susceptible to natural

hazard which could cause the

project to present

environmental problems

(earthquakes, subsidence,

Site falls in

Ahmedabad

District

As per the earth quake sensitivity index the unit

is situated in area – III category and

considering the same unit will be designed.

There is no other threat for the natural hazard.

F

21


landslides, erosion, flooding

or extreme or adverse climatic

conditions)

"I hereby give undertaking that the data and information given in the application and

enclosure are true to the best of my knowledge and belief and I am aware that if any

part of the data and information submitted is found to be false or misleading at any

stage, the project will be rejected and clearance give, if any to the project will be

revoked at our risk and cost.

Date:

Place: Mr. Nirav K. Pathak(Partner)

Nirav Chemical IndustriesPlot no: 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate,Sarkhej-Bavla Highway,

Village: Changodar,Ta: Sanand, Dist: Ahmedabad.

EIA-EMP REPORT

SECTION I

INTRODUCTION

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-I Introduction

Enkay Enviro Services, Jaipur 23

SECTION-I

INDEX

S. No. Particulars Page No.

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.0 PREAMBLE 24

1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL & RESIN INDUSTRY 25

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 26

1.3 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE 27-36

1.4 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

ASSESSMENT DOCUMENTS

36

1.5 POST ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE MONITORING 37

1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT 37

1.7 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT 38

1.8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 39

1.9 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 39

1.10 INFRASTRUCTURE 42

1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 42

1.12 SCOPE OF WORK 42

*************



INTRODUCTION

1.0 PREAMBLE

The word “Environment” is defined to include everything external to man /organism. It covers

the region, surroundings, or circumstances in which anything exists. Environment is an

important and essential part of the development. It plays an essential role in overall

development of the country. Development, which keeps environment with itself, called

sustainable development. Today, environment is degrading and exploiting by many ways. Thus,

the Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoE&F) had formulated its policies & rules and made new

policies & rules regarding operation of the industries to achieve sustainable development and to

prevent slapdash exploitation of natural resources. Gazette Notification (14th Sept. 2006 and

subsequent amendment) is the part of it.

Preparation of Environment Impact Assessment report is now essential for similar kind of

industrial Project. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible

impact—positive or negative—that a proposed project may have on the environment, together

consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a tool used to identify the environmental, social and

economic impacts of a project prior to decision-making. It is said to be the instruments through

which the environmental management tries to accomplish its objective. It aims to predict

environmental impacts at an early stage in project planning and design, find ways and means to

reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local environment and present the

predictions and options to decision-makers.

By using EIA both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved, such as reduced cost

and time of project implementation and design, avoided treatment/clean-up costs and impacts of

laws and regulations.

The key elements of an EIA are (a) Scoping: identify key issues and concerns of interested

parties; (b) Screening: decide whether an EIA is required based on information collected; (c)

Identifying and evaluating alternatives: list alternative sites and techniques and the impacts

of each; (d) Mitigating measures submitting with uncertainty: review proposed action to

prevent or minimize the potential adverse effects of the project; and (e) Issuing environmental

statements: report the findings of the EIA.



1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ON CHEMICAL & RESIN INDUSTRY

Chemical industry is one of the oldest industries in India. Volume of Production in chemical

industry positions India as third largest producer in Asia (next to China and Japan), and twelfth

largest in the world. The chemical industry accounts for about 13% share in the manufacturing

output and around 5% in total exports of the country. The chemical industry contributes around

20% of national revenue by way of various taxes.

Composites industry in India after recording impressive growth during last 5 years is now poised

for a take-off. In the past few years the industry has witnessed a growth rate of more than 15%.

Many international companies have maintained a regional base in India, taking advantage of the

territory's well-established business infrastructure. India now has global players in both the

material supply chain as well as fabricators. It gives leeway to the companies to explore both

the domestic market as well as supply the world market with products made in India.

Gujarat is the major contributor to the chemical industries. Chemical industry produces both

inorganic chemicals and organic chemicals, including bulk petrochemicals, other chemical

intermediates, plastic resins, synthetic resins, synthetic rubber, man-made fibers, dyes and

pigments, printing inks etc. The industry, comprising both small scale and large units (including

MNCs) produces several thousands of products.

Resin is a natural or synthetic compound that begins in a highly viscous state and hardens with

treatment. Typically, it is soluble in alcohol, but not in water. The compound is classified in a

number of different ways, depending on its exact chemical composition and potential uses.

Natural resin comes from plants. Humans have been using natural resins for thousands of

years. It has been used to seal boats, mummies, food containers. It has also been used as a

component in varnish, lacquer, inks, perfumes, jewelry and many other objects. With human

technological advances came the realization that this material could be formulated

into polymers, and the discovery of synthetic resins followed shortly after. For the most part,

polymers made with “resins” are actually made with synthetics, which are cheaper and easier to

refine. Synthetic varieties are much more stable, predictable, and uniform than natural ones as

well, since they are made under controlled conditions without the possibility of the introduction

of impurities.

The synthetic resin industry is quite mature and is predominantly characterized by well-known

and established products, applications and processes. The main applications are in FRP,

transportation vehicles, pipes, tanks, consumer goods, marine accessories, paints and coating,

electrical and electronics, construction, wind turbine, adhesive, etc. Resin market is expected to

grow in near future because of new applications and demands. As wind energy and construction



market have shown highest growth in last few years. Over the next 5 years, total resin

consumption across the globe is expected to continue strong growth momentum at 6.3%.

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE PROCESS

The proposed project fall under Category: 5(f)-A as per the Environmental Impact Assessment

notification, dated 14/09/06 and further amended vide SO-3067 (E) dated 01/12/09 of Ministry

Of Environment And Forest (MoEF), New Delhi and hence requires prior environmental

clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forest (MoEF), New Delhi. The rapid EIA studies are

carried out as a part of process to obtain Environmental Clearance Certificate for the proposed

project.

The process for obtaining Environmental Clearance for the proposed projects as per EIA

Notification – 2006 is as under:-

Fig 1.1 Environmental clearance process chart



1.3 COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE

The application for the Environmental Clearance for proposed expansion project of Nirav

Chemical Industries for the manufacturing of Synthetic Resin has been submitted to the Ministry

of Environment & Forests dated 13/12/2010. Subsequently the presentation has been

conducted regarding the proposed project and TOR at MoEF, New Delhi on 24/03/2011 and

MoEF has issued TOR on dated 03/05/2011 vide letter no. J-11011/85/2011-IA II (I). The point

raised in the TOR issued by MOE&F is attended as under:-

TOR

Ref.

POINTS MENTIONED IN TOR

ISSUED BY MoEF IMPLEMANTAATION /PLAN

1. Executive summary of the project The summary of the project is given in Section XI of EIA/EMP report.

2. Justification of the project Synthetic Organic Resin are used widely for 1) To manufacture FRP/Composite Raw Materials 2) To manufacture Paints and coatings 3) To manufacture adhesive 4) For Textile sizing Volume consumption of Synthetic Organic Resin is estimated to be around 900,000 to 1,000,000 tons per year. The market has been growing at about 15% per year in both value and volume terms. There is a quite considerable gap between supply and demand. Very few players are in the market who can offer continuous supply. The company wants to bridge this gap between demand and supply by expanding the production capacity and thereby, making good business.

3. Promoters and their back ground The promoters background is given in details in EIA/EMP report in Section- I, Point no. 1.7

4. Regulatory framework The unit is an existing unit and in operation since 2011.

The unit has obtained DIC certificate vide letter no. DIC/RAJ/EM/Part-2/382, dated 19/01/2011 for manufacturing Aromatic Chemicals Indole to the tune of 24 TPA.

The land registry document (Copy of Index-2) has been obtained. The copy of same is enclosed as Annexure-I.

5. A map indicating location of the A critically polluted area Village Piplej & Narol,



project and distance from severely polluted area

Ahmedabad (Narol Industrial Area) falls at about 10.8 Km & 14.7 Km respectively from the project site. A map showing distance between Project Site and Narol Industrial Area in Ahmedabad is shown in Figure 1.3, Section-I of EIA/EMP report.

6. Project location and plant layout The project site is located at Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad and site falls in geological survey of India of Toposheet No. F43/G-5 (46/B-5). Point 1.9 in the same Section I is about Project location and Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area is enclosed as Annexure- IV. The plant layout is given in Point 2.2 of Section II.

7. Infrastructure facilities including power sources

Point 1.10 in the same Section I is about infrastructure facilities available and details about water source and power source is given in Point 2.6 & Point 2.7 of Section II respectively

8. Total cost of the project along with total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures

The existing project cost is about 111.67 lakh and proposed project cost is estimated at Rs. 290.43 lakh. About Rs. 15 lakh is estimated for the environment protection measures each as capital cost and for annual recurring cost.

9. Project site location along with site map of 10 km area and site details providing various industries, surface water bodies, forests etc

Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area is enclosed as Annexure- IV.

10. Present land use based on satellite imagery for the study area of 10 km radius

The land use/Land cover analysis based on satellite imagery has been described in EIA/EMP report in Section- III, point no. 3.3.4

11. Location of National Park / Wild life sanctuary / Reserve Forest within 10 km radius of the project

There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco - sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act – 1986 within 10 Km radius areas from the Plant Site. The copy of Topographical map showing the same is enclosed as Annexure- IV.



12. Details of the total land and break-up of the land use for green belt and other uses

Particular Area

(Sq. m) Percentage

(%) Administrative Area & Lab

125.00 5.06

Green Belt 497.00 20.12 Store & Labour Room 146.00 5.91 Raw Material & Product Storage and Handling Area

485.60 19.66

Process Plant 492.20 19.93 Utility 242.00 9.80 Hazardous Waste storage Area

30.20 1.22

Open or Road Side Area 452.00 18.30 Total 2470.00 100.00

Detailed break-up of the land use is given in EIA/EMP report in Section- II, Table: 2.1

13. List of products along with the production capacities

The list of products has been mentioned in EIA/EMP report , Section- II, Point no. 2.5

Product Production

Capacity, TPM

Unsaturated Polyester Resin 2000

Alkyd Resin Saturated Polyester Resin

300 Epoxy Resin Vinyl Ester Resin By-Product Methanol 63.0

14. Detailed list of raw material required and source, mode of storage and transportation

The details of raw material requirements, source and transportation has been mentioned in Section- II, point no. 2.3 & 2.4 of EIA/EMP report.

15. Manufacturing process details along with the chemical reactions and process flow chart

The manufacturing process along with mass balance and reactions has been mentioned in Section- II, point no. 2.10 of EIA/EMP report.



16. Site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall is necessary

The metrological data has been collected from IMD for the nearest observatory at Ahmedabad. The summary of the site specific metrological data is as follows:

Parameter Max Min Temperature (0C) 29.9 19.2 Relative Humidity (%) 96 20 Wind Speed (m/sec) 10 0.56 Rainfall (in) 0.00 Predominant direction Blowing from NE to SW

17. Ambient air quality monitoring at 6 locations within the study area of 5 km., aerial coverage from project site as per NAAQES notified on 16th September, 2009. Location of one AAQMS in downwind direction

The ambient air monitoring at 6 locations within 5 km has been done by NABL Approved Laboratory. The copy of the same is enclosed as Annexure- VII. The details of AAQ Monitoring station is given below:-

Location Code

Location Name GPS Coordinates

Direction w.r.t Project Site

Distances w.r.t Project Site (km)

S1 Project Site 22°55'43.72"N 72°27'11.76"E

-- --

S2 Vishalpur 22°54'43.06"N 72°29'14.86"E

ESE / 118° 3.95 Km

S3 Changodar Industrial Area

22°55'24.82"N 72°26'44.14"E

SW / 230° 0.95 Km

S4 Tajpur 22°54'10.49"N 72°27'00.32"E

S / 190° 2.88 Km

S5 Changodar 22°55'51.92"N 72°26'48.02"E

W / 280° 0.80 Km

S6 Navapura 22°56'53.32"N 72°26'56.35"E

NNW / 340° 2.17 Km

18. One season site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall and AAQ data (except monsoon) for PM10, SO2, NOX including VOCs should be collected. The monitoring stations should take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. Data for water and noise monitoring should also be included.

The One season monitoring data has been collected during Post monsoon-2012. The copy of same is enclosed as Annexure VII. The summary of Ambient Air Monitoring Data is given below:-



Locations

PM10

g/m3 PM2.5

g/m3 SO2

g/m3 NOx g/m3

VOCas Benzeneg/m3 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min

S1-Project Site 84.6 67.1 32.5 19.2 27.8 22.1 21.2 14.3 BDL

S2-Vishalpur 72.9 54.3 26.6 16.8 20.4 15.2 21.9 13.2 BDL

S3-Changodar Industrial Area

91.2 73.2 42.5 26.5 31.5 25.6 21.9 16.6 BDL

S4-Tajpur 86.3 61.8 39.5 22.4 29.2 23.2 27.8 22.3 BDL

S5-Changodar 82.3 62.3 32.1 17.6 24.3 18.1 31.9 26.1 BDL

S6-Navapura 64.2 48.9 23.3 14.5 18.9 15.2 19.8 13.2 BDL

NAAQS* 100 60 80 80 5

19. Air pollution control measures proposed for the effective control of gaseous emissions within permissible limits

The air pollution control measures have been elaborated in Section- IV, point no. 4.2.3 in EIA/EMP report. The unit has installed Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and after proposed expansion the unit will install individual Multi cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 & 3 and Multi cyclone separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control the emission of particulate matter. Stack of adequate height will also be installed for all the point source for effective dispersion of gaseous emission.

20. Name of all the solvents to be used in the process and details of solvent recovery system

Not applicable.

21. Design details of ETP, incinerator, if any along with control of Dioxin & Furan, boiler, scrubbers/bag filters etc.

Not Applicable. As there is no effluent generation form the industrial activities.

22. Details of water and air pollution and its mitigation plan

The mitigation plan for water and air pollution has been elaborated in Section- IV point no. 4.2 and 4.3 respectively.

23. Action plan to control ambient air quality as per NAAQES Standards notified by the Ministry on 16th September, 2009

Action plan to control ambient air quality has been mentioned in Section- IV, point no. 4.2 of EIA/EMP report.

24. An action plan to control and monitor secondary fugitive emissions from all the sources as per the latest permissible limits issued by the Ministry vide

The mitigation measures and management plant for fugitive emission during construction phase and operation phase has been elaborated in Section- IV point no.4.2.3 of EIA/EMP report.



G.S.R. 414(E) dated 30th May, 2008.

25. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. Air quality modeling for proposed plant

The air quality modelling for the proposed plant has been elaborated in Section- IV, point no. 4.2.2. The Details of incremental concentration of various pollutants likely to be generated from the proposed project viz. PM10, SO2 and NOx and its resultant impact on sensitive locations like habitations has been elaborated in Table 4.2 & 4.3. The Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental GLC are presented in Figure 4.1 to 4.3.

26. Permission for the drawl of 9.0 m3/day water from the industrial estate water supply. Water balance chart including quantity of effluent generated recycled and reused and discharged.

The daily fresh water demand after proposed expansion will be increased up to 19.5 KLD only, thus there is no requirement of CGWA permission. The water supply will be met through common infrastructure of industrial estate (estate’s common bore well). The water chart for the proposed project is given below:

27. Action plan for Zero Discharge of effluent should be included.

There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about 1.1 waste water



will be generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which will be reused on land for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero Effluent Discharge."

28. Ground water quality monitoring minimum at 6 locations should be carried out. Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area and ecological status (Terrestrial and Aquatic)

Ground water quality monitoring at 6 locations within 5 km has been done by NABL Approved Laboratory. The details of Monitoring station are given below and the analysis result has been described in Section-III, Point no. 3.4.2 of EIA/EMP report.

The Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area has been described in EIA/EMP report Section-III, Point no. 3.3.2 and 3.4.1 respectively. The ecological status has been described in Section-III, Point no. 3.7 of EIA/EMP report.

Location Code

Location Name GPS Coordinates

Direction w.r.t Project

Site

Distances w.r.t Project Site (km)

S1 Project Site 22°55'43.72"N 72°27'11.76"E

-- --

S2 Vishalpur 22°54'43.06"N 72°29'14.86"E

ESE / 118° 3.95 Km


22°55'24.82"N 72°26'44.14"E

SW / 230° 0.95 Km

S4 Tajpur 22°54'10.49"N 72°27'00.32"E

S / 190° 2.88 Km

S5 Changodar 22°55'51.92"N 72°26'48.02"E

W / 280° 0.80 Km

S6 Navapura 22°56'53.32"N 72°26'56.35"E

NNW / 340° 2.17 Km

S7 NH-8A 22°55'54.64"N 72°26'59.51"E

WNW / 302° 0.5 Km

29. The details of solid and hazardous wastes generation, storage, utilization and disposal particularly related to the hazardous waste calorific value of hazardous waste and detailed characteristic of the hazardous waste. Action plan for the disposal of fly ash generated from boiler should be included.

The detail regarding the hazardous waste generation and its management has been mentioned in Section- IV, point no. 4.4. The anticipated quantity of hazardous waste with its management is given below:- Agro Waste / White Coal / Imported Coal will be used as a fuel for the Thermic Fluid Heaters and steam boiler. Thus, fly ash generation will be very negligible.



Waste Source

Type of waste

Category as per HWMR Rules


Physical- Chemical

Form

Method of Disposal

E P T


23.1 3

MT 2

MT 5

MT Solid

organic

Collection, Storage


Raw Material

Storage & Handling

Discarded Drums/bags

33.3 200 kg

800 Kg

1 MT

Solid-Inorganic

Decontaminate and Reuse/ Sell

Plant and Machineries

Used / Spent Oil

5.1 0.5 KL

0.5 KL

1.0 KL

Liquid- Organic

Collection, storage and used as lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF approved

Recycler/ reprocessors

* E-Existing, P-Proposed Expansion, T-Total After Expansion

30. Explore the possibility to use fuel other than wood.

The unit will not use wood directly as fuel, however they proposes use Agro Waste and/or White Coal and/or Imported Coal as a fuel for the Thermic Fluid Heaters and Steam Boiler.

31. Precautions to be taken during storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals should be clearly mentioned and incorporated

The handling of the raw material and hazardous chemicals will be allowed for well-trained personals only.

The chemicals which will be hazardous will be properly marked with danger sign.

All the chemicals will be transported in closed barrels and bottles only.

The risk assessment for the proposed project has been done and mentioned in Section- VII of EIA/EMP report

32. A copy of the Memorandum of Understanding signed with cement manufacturers indicating clearly that they will utilized all the organic solid waste generated

There will not be generation of any organic solid waste from the process, which can be utilized by the cement industry. Thus the MOU with cement industry is not required.

33. Details of captive land fill along with design details as per CPCB guidelines, if applicable. Location of secured land fill/TSDF. Ground water monitoring around the project site as well as around

There will not be provision of any captive land-fill facility and for the disposal of hazardous waste the unit will become the member of any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site.



land fill site. 34. Authorization/Membership for the

disposal of liquid effluent in CETP and solid/hazardous waste in TSDF.

There is no liquid effluent generation thus no Membership of CETP is required. The unit will become the member of any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site of the final disposal of hazardous waste.

35. List of hazardous chemicals (as per MSIHC rule) with toxicity levels.

List of all the Hazardous chemicals with necessary details has been mentioned Under Table-7.1, 7.2 & 7.3 in Section- VII, Point no. 7.2.1.

36. Risk assessment for storage for chemicals/solvents and phosgenes. Action plan for handling & safety system, whenever any cyanide is involved in process.

The risk assessment study has been conducted for all hazardous chemicals and elaborated in Section- VII of EIA/EMP report. The cyanide and phosgenes will not be involved anywhere in the process.

37. A note on arrangement for monitoring Phenol Formaldehyde in the work zone.

Monitoring of VOCs in the work/process area has been mentioned in Section- VI, Point no. 6.2.2 & 6.3.1.

38. An action plan to develop green belt in 33 % area

The green belt action plan has been mentioned in Section-X point no. 10.3 of EIA/EMP report.

39. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site should be included to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water

The details regarding Rain water harvesting scheme has been described in Section-IV, point no. 4.3.3. The Sectional view of the proposed rain water harvesting structure is given as Figure 4.5, Section-IV of EIA/EMP report.

40. Occupational health of the workers needs elaboration including evaluation of noise, heat, illumination, dust, any other chemicals, metals being suspected in environment and going into body of workers either through inhalation, ingestion or through skin absorption and steps taken to avoid musculo-skeletal disorders (MSD), backache, pain in minor and major joints, fatigue etc. Occupational hazards specific pre-placement and periodical monitoring should be carried out.

The occupational health & safety plan has been elaborated in Section-VII, point no. 7.7 of EIA/EMP report.

41. Socio-economic development activities should be in place

Various CSR activities proposed for the Socio-economic development of the region has been given in Section-X, Table: 10.1of EIA/EMP report.



The socio economic environment study has been elaborated in Section- VII, point no. 7.8 of EIA/EMP report.

42. Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to details of air pollution control system, water & wastewater management, monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for mitigation measure should be provided

A separate chapter on Environment Management Plan has been incorporated in EIA/EMP report as Section- X.

A separate chapter on Environmental Monitoring Programme has been incorporated as Section- VI in EIA/EMP report.

43. EMP should include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle / reuse / recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation

The detailed EMP has been mentioned in Section- X of EIA/EMP report

44. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof

No, there no litigation pending in the court of law to the best extent of our knowledge.

45. Public hearing issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included separately in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made

The same will be complied

46. A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TORs

The same has been complied

1.4 GENERIC STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

DOCUMENTS

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a well planned process to predict the environmental

consequences of any kind of development, which is result of human activities and to suggest

appropriate measures in order to reduce adverse effects and also to augment positive effects.

The EIA procures a rational and ethical approach for sustainable development. However, it is

more scientific process because it not only tells the past, present and the future consequences



of going on development , but also predicts the future events which likely to change due to

some reasons.

In terms of the EIA notification of the MOEF dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent

amendment on 01.12.09 and 04.04.2011, the generic structure of EIA documents shall be as

under:-

Introduction

Project Description

Description of the Environment

Anticipated Environmental Impact & Mitigation Measures

Analysis of Alternatives (Technology & Site)

Environmental Monitoring Program

Additional studies

Project benefits

Environmental Cost benefits Analysis (Only if recommended at scoping stage)

EMP

Summary & Conclusion

Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

1.5 POST ENVIROENMTAL CLEARNCE MONITOIRNG

This is a new project; hence post-environmental clearance monitoring is not applicable.

Although, the project management will submit half-yearly compliance reports of the stipulated

prior environmental clearance terms and conditions on 1st June and 1st December of each

calendar year.

1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT

Synthetic resins are materials with similar properties to natural resins. They are viscous liquids

capable of hardening. They are typically manufactured by esterification or soaping of organic

compounds. The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization-poly

addition or poly condensation reactions, used as a thermoset polymer for adhesives and

composites. Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof.

Accordingly, it has been mainly in use for industrial flooring purposes. Alkyd resins are synthetic

resin made from a Dicarboxylic acid, such as Phthalic acid, and Diols or Triols.

Synthetic Organic Resin like Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Alkyd Resin, Saturated Polyester

Resin, Epoxy Resin and Vinyl Ester Resin, which is mainly used in following application,



1. To manufacture FRP/Composite Raw Materials

2. To manufacture Paints and coatings

3. To manufacture adhesive

4. For Textile sizing

Paints and their allied products like enamels, varnishes, pigments, printing inks and synthetic

resins protect national assets from corrosion. These are increasingly being used in automotive,

engineering and consumer durable sectors. Thus, economic development has a direct bearing

on the paint industry. The paint industry is constantly upgrading its technology to meet the

changing needs of the consumers.

Estimates for the value of the Indian coatings market differ depending on the source. Market

research firms put the total value of sales at $2.4-$2.7 billion dollars, while domestic paint

manufacturers believe the figure to be as much as $3.2-$3.5 billion. Volume consumption is

estimated to be around 900,000 to 1,000,000 tonnes per year. The market has been growing at

about 15% per year in both value and volume terms and that a rate of 12-15% should be

maintainable for the foreseeable future. In general, sales of coatings increase at a rate

approximately 1.5-2 times that of the overall growth rate for the Indian economy.

The requirements of these products are increasing day by day looking to its wide application

and uses. In view of the growing market demand, the proposed project of the unit for the

manufacturing of Synthetic Organic Resin is surely feasible.

1.7 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT

Main promoters of the company have very good manufacturing experience and have sound

financial background. The one of the promoter of the company, Mr. Nirav K. Pathak is having

good experience of 10 yrs. in this field of industrial operation and sound knowledge of resin

manufacturing and chemical process. The senior person of the company, Mr. Kiritbhai V. Pathak

having good experience of 35 yrs. in field of marketing business development. The list of the

directors /promoters of the company is given in the following Table 1.1.



Table 1.1:

List of Promoters/Partners

Sr. No.

Name of the Partner Qualification Experience,

Years Designation In The Company

1. Mr. Kiritbhai V. Pathak B.Com. 35 Partner

2. Mr. Nirav K. Pathak B.Sc. 10 Partner

3. Mrs. Sonal K. Pathak B.A. 20 Partner

4. Mrs. Nehal K. Pathak B.Com. 2 Partner

1.8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is a proposed small scale unit to be located at Plot No. 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist.

Ahmedabad in Gujarat. At present the unit is manufacturing Synthetic Resin @ 2000

MT/Month by simple formulation activity only. Now the unit proposes to manufacture various

types and grades of Synthetic Organic Resin by chemical synthesis process with the total

production capacity of 2300 MT/Month.

The unit has submitted their application to MoEF, New Delhi on 13/12/2010 to obtain the

environmental clearance along with Form – 1, terms of reference to carry out EIA study and

feasibility cum detail project report. Subsequently the presentation has been conducted

regarding the proposed project and TOR at MoEF, New Delhi on 24/03/2011 and MoEF has

issued TOR on dated 03/05/2011 vide letter no. J-11011/85/2011-IA II (I).

1.9 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit located at Plot No. 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist.

Ahmedabad in Gujarat. The site falls in geological survey of India of Toposheet No. F43/G-5

(46/B-5). The geographical location of the project is-

N

Latitude 22°55'44.03"N

E


Longitude 72°27'11.80"E

Longitude 72°27'13.06"E

S


W


Longitude 72°27'11.87"E Longitude 72°27'10.88"E



The study area covering 10 km radial distance from the project site is covered under the survey

of India toposheet No. F43/G-5, toposheet No. F43/G-9, toposheet No. F43/G-8 and toposheet

No. F43/A-2.The topographic map showing the project site and the study area is shown in

Figure 1.2.

Fig 1.2

Topographical Map showing 10 km radius

The legible copy of Toposheet is enclosed as Annexure- IV



1.9.1 Distance from Severely Polluted Area

As per Office Memorandum (Ref. No. J-11013/5/2010-IA.II(I), dated 13/01/2010) of Ministry of

Environment & Forest, Village Piplej & Narol (Narol Industrial Area) in the Ahmedabad District

is declared as critically polluted area. The project site is located in Ahmedabad District, which

falls at about 10.8 Km in WSW from Piplej Village and 14.7 Km in WSW from Narol Industrial

Area. A map showing location of project site in Ahmedabad District and indicating distance form

Piplej Village and Narol Industrial Area is shown in Figure 1.3. No critically/severely polluted

area falls within the 10 km from the project site.

Figure 1.3

Map Showing Distance of Severely Polluted area from the Project Site



1.10 INFRASTRUCTURE

The site is located in the Industrial Area (S Changodar Industrial Estate Changodar Industrial

Estate, Sarkhej-Bavla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad), which has all

possible amenities that are feasible for industrial projects viability.

City / Town: Ahmedabad: 22.0 Km NE

Railway Station: Changodar : @ 1.0 Km West

International/Domestic Airport: Ahmedabad : @ 28 Km NE

National Highway: NH – 8A : @ 0.5 Km West

1.11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Enkay Enviro Services (EES) was assigned the job of conducting and preparation of

Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report for

proposed project “Nirav Chemical Industries” is proposes to manufacture various types and

grades of Synthetic Organic Resin by chemical synthesis process with the total production

capacity of 2300 MT/Month.

The baseline data has been collected as per the TOR issued by Ministry of Environment &

Forests.

The baseline data collection involves the data on air quality, water quality, land use, socio-

economic profile of the study area, existing flora, fauna, prevailing noise levels, along with the

physiographical status and meteorological conditions of the area. The current report is based on

the information of the process technology, air emission, effluent generation, discharge and solid

waste management.

An effective plan to mitigate the adverse impacts and suggestive pollution control measures

along with environmental management plan has been summarized. The defined study period

was post monsoon season.

1.12 SCOPE OF WORK The scope of work of REIA/EMP studies of the proposed expansion of “Nirav Chemical

Industries” is as under:-

The scope of the work includes detailed characterization of various environmental components

such as micro-meteorology, air, noise, water, land and socio economy within 10 km radius from

the proposed plant. The main objectives of the study are:-



To assess the existing baseline status of air, water, noise, land and socio- economic

environment.

To identify and quantify significant impacts due to various operations of the proposed

steel unit on various environmental components through prediction of impacts.

To evaluate the beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed plant.

To evaluate and implement the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) detailing control

measures and its efficiency to minimize the pollution levels within the permissible norms.

To assess the probable risks, likely to occur in unit and suggest appropriate measures to

avoid the same.

To design an occupational health & safety plan for the employees.

To design post project monitoring plan for regulating the environmental quality within the

limits and help in sustainable development of the area.

****************

SECTION II

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries SECTION-II/Project Description

Enkay Enviro Services Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 44

SECTION-II

INDEX


2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.0 GENERAL 45

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 45

2.2 PLANT LAYOUT 47

2.3 RAW MATERIAL 49

2.4 SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL 50

2.5 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT 50

2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT 50

2.7 POWER REQUIREMENT 52

2.8 SCHEDULE OF APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION 52

2.9 MAN POWER 52

2.10 MANUFACTURING PROCESS 53-65

************



PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.0 GENERAL

M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit located at Plot No. 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand,

Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. The proposed project is for the manufacturing of Synthetic

Resin, which is covered under Category – ‘5(f)- A’ as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of

Environment & Forest (MoEF), dtd. 14/09/2006. The unit proposes to manufacture various

types and grades of Synthetic Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 TPM. Resin

begins in a highly viscous state and hardens with treatment. Typically, it is soluble in alcohol,

but not in water. The compound is classified in a number of different ways, depending on its

exact chemical composition and potential uses. The unit will manufacture following Synthetic

Resins.

Sr. No. Name of Product Uses


A-1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin FRP/ composite Raw material

A-2 Alkyd Resin Paint and coatings

B-1 Saturated Polyester Resin For Textile sizing

B-2 Epoxy Resin anti corrosive paint

B-3 Vinyl Ester Resin FRP/ composite Raw material

By-Product

1. Methanol Various Industrial application

The total area available at the proposed project site is 2470 m2, out of this the total built up

area is 813 m2 and the open area is 1657 m2. The unit will develop green belt area in 497

m2 (20.12% of total plot area). The proposed project will be set up within the same

premises. The existing project cost is about 111.67 lakh and proposed project cost is

estimated at Rs. 290.43 lakh. About Rs.15 lakh is proposed for the environment protection

measures as capital cost.

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

At present the unit is manufacturing synthetic resin (Epoxy resin /polyester resin Epoxy

hardener solution) @ 2000 TPM by formulation activity only. For that they have already

obtained Consent to Operate (CTO/ CC&A) from Gujarat Pollution Control Board. Now, the

unit proposes to manufacture various types and grades of Synthetic Resin by chemical

synthesis process viz. Unsaturated Polyester Resin & Alkyd Resin with the cumulative

production capacity of 2000 TPM and Saturated Polyester Resin, Epoxy Resin & Vinyl



Ester Resin with the cumulative production capacity of 300 TPM. The Methanol will be

generated as by-product in the quantity of 63.0 TPM from the manufacturing activity of

Saturated Polyester Resin.

The unit is located at Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla

Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. The site falls in

geological survey of India of Toposheet No. F43/G-5 (46/B-5) and the geographical

location of the project is as below;

N Latitude 22°55'44.03"N

E Latitude 22°55'43.49"N


S Latitude 22°55'42.95"N

W Latitude 22°55'43.54"N


The study area covering 10 km radial distance from the project site is given as Figure 2.1

Fig.-2.1: Google Image showing the area within 10 Km radius from the Project site

Project Site Villages/Places covered within 10 Km radius area from the project site

1. Changodar 5. Tajpur 9. Moti Devti 2. Sarkhej 6. Matoda 10. Kolat 3. Sabarmati River 7. Palwada 11. Navapura 4. Visalpur 8. Moraiya 12. Jivarpura



All the necessary pollution control measures will be provided for the proposed

expansion.

Automated filling to minimize spillage will be installed.

“Closed” feed systems into batch reactors will be practiced.

The entire manufacturing activities will be carried out in the closed system.

There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about

1.1 waste water will be generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which will be

reused on land for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. Hence the unit will

maintain as "Zero Effluent Discharge."

The unit will design and implement the recharging of ground water (Rainwater

harvesting) system voluntarily which will create positive impact to the water

environment.

The total plot area acquired by the unit is 2470 Sq. m., which is adequate for the

proposed expansion.

The unit has obtained “Consent to Establish” (CTE/NOC) From Gujarat Pollution

Control Board (GPCB), Gandhinagar for its existing plant for manufacturing of

synthetic resin by formulation process vide letter no. GPCB/ID29266/CCA/ABD/GEN-

552/74493 dated 07/03/2011. The unit has been granted “Consent to Operate

(CC&A)” by GPCB for its existing product bearing order No. 43074 which is valid up

to 14/04/2016.

The unit is complying with all the conditions stipulated by the GPCB vide its

permissions in the form of “No Objection Certificate (NOC)” and “Consent to Operate

(CTO / CC&A)”. Copy of both is attached as Annexure-II.

2.2 PLANT LAYOUT

The total plot area acquired by the unit is 2470 Sq. m. Plantation will be developed inside the

unit in an area of 20.12%. i.e. 497 sq. mt. The land use break up the unit is given in Table

2.1 and Key Plan & Factory Layout is given in Fig. – 2.2.



Table: 2.1

LAND USE BREAKUP

Sr. No.

Particular Area (Sq.mt.) % of Total

Land Existing Proposed Total 1 Administrative Area & Lab 125.00 Nil 125.00 5.06

2 Green Belt 297.00 200.00 497.00 20.12

3 Store & Labour Room 104.00 42.00 146.00 5.91

4 Raw Material & Product Storage and Handling Area

285.60 200.00 485.60 19.66

5 Process Plant 112.20 380.00 492.20 19.93

6 Utility 166.00 76.00 242.00 9.80

7 Hazardous Waste storage Area 20.20 10.00 30.20 1.22

8 Open or Road Side Area 1360.00 -908.00 452.00 18.30

Total 2470.00 Nil 2470.00 100.00

Figure – 2.2

Key Plan & Factory Layout

Key Plan Factory Lay out



2.3 RAW MATERIALS Various Raw materials require for manufacturing of proposed product, a detailed list is given below:

Name of Raw Material Product Kg per Kg of

Product

TPM

Product Wise

Group Maximum

Total

Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG)

Unsaturated Polyester Resin

0.26 523.00 523.00 658.00

Saturated Polyester Resin

0.45 135.00 135.00

Acid Anhydride (PA/IPA/PTA/AA)

Unsaturated Polyester Resin

0.26 528.00 630.00

775 Alkyd Resin 0.32 630.00

Saturated Polyester Resin

0.49 145.50 145.50

Maliec Anhydride Unsaturated Polyester Resin

0.16 312.00 312.00 312.00

Styrene Monomer Unsaturated

Polyester Resin 0.40 800.00 800.00

935.00Vinyl Ester Resin 0.45 135.00 135.00

Additives Unsaturated

Polyester Resin 0.00 2.00 2.00

3.50 Vinyl Ester Resin 0.01 1.50 1.50

Caster Oil / Linseed Oil / Soybean Oil

Alkyd Resin 0.29 572.00 572.00 572.00

Glycerin / MEG/ Pentaerithritol / NPG / Trimethalol Propane

Alkyd Resin 0.19 380.00 380.00 380.00

Xylene Alkyd Resin 0.25 500.00 500.00

575.00Epoxy Resin 0.25 75.00 75.00

Epoxy Resin Epoxy Resin 0.60 180.00

180.00 180.00Vinyl Ester Resin 0.30 90.75

Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin 0.15 44.97

44.97 44.97 Vinyl Ester Resin 0.14 41.25

Caustic Soda Epoxy Resin 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03

Methacrylic Acid Vinyl Ester Resin 0.11 31.50 31.50 31.50

5 Sodium Di Methyl Sulfo Isopthate (DMS Salt)

Saturated 0.27 79.50 79.50 79.50

Di Butyl Tin Oxide Polyester Resin 0.01 3.00 3.00 3.00



2.4 SOURCE OF RAW MATERIAL

The raw materials required for the product are easily available in the vicinity of the project

site, because of the proximity to the industrial chemical markets in Gujarat. This will reduce

both the cost of raw material transportation and the associated risk. There will be no solvent

require for the manufacturing of any of the proposed products. The raw material will be

transported through road network at the site. The raw material will be transported in closed

containers or in closed packet.

2.5 CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT

Based on the plant and machinery proposed to be installed by the unit, the production

capacity of the unit (continuous process i.e. 3 shifts per day) will be 2300 TPM. The list of

products is as follows.

Sr. No.

Name of Product/ By-Product

Production Capacity,

TPM

Batch Size, Kg

Batches per

Month, Nos.

Purity, % (By wt)

Yield, %


A-1 Unsaturated Polyester Resin 2000 10000 200

100% 91-93 A-2 Alkyd Resin 100% 100

B-1 Saturated Polyester Resin

300 2000 150 100% 83

B-2 Epoxy Resin 75% 100 B-3 Vinyl Ester Resin 100% 100 By-Product

1. Methanol 63.0 -- -- 99% -- 2.6 WATER REQUIREMENT

The entire water requirement of M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries will be met through common

infrastructure of industrial estate (estate’s common bore well), whose source is ground

water. The total fresh water demand for proposed project will be 10.0 KL/day, which

comprises domestic, gardening and industrial purpose.

As per Guidelines issued by Central Ground Water Authority, Ministry of Water Resources,

New Delhi vide Letter No. 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832, Dated 14/10/2009, the unit falls

under Over Exploited Area and Ground water development in the region is greater than

100%. However, the water requirement of the plant is 19.5 KLD only, which does not exceed

the limit of 25.0 KLD as per CGWA guidelines. Thus, it is not mandatory for the unit to obtain

permission from CGWA for the abstraction of ground water through the private suppliers.

The category wise water consumption and waste water generation is given in Table – 2.2.

The water balance diagram is given in Fig. 2.2.



Table – 2.2:

Category wise Water Consumption

Sr.

No. Category

Water Consumption, KLD

Existing Proposed Total After Expansion

1. Domestic 5.0 1.5 6.5

2. Gardening -- 1.0 1.0

3. Industrial

a. Process 1.0 Nil 1.0

b. Cooling (make up) 5.0 5.0 10.0

c. Steam Boiler 0.0 1.0 1.0

Total Industrial

Consumption/Generation6.0 6.0 12.0

Grand Total

Consumption/ Discharge11.0 8.5 19.5

Fig. - 2.2:

Water Balance Diagram

Note: All quantities are expressed in KL/Day.

(5.2)

(10. 0)

(12.0) Fresh Industrial

Cooling (Make-Up)

Loss (9.0)

(1.0)

(6.5) Domestic

To soak pit through

septic tank Fresh Water

(Source: Bore Well) (19.5)

(1.0)

Process (Vacuum Distillation)

Nil (1.0) Gardening (2.1)

Nil

(1.0)

Steam Boiler

(0.1)

(1.1)

(1.1)



2.7 POWER

At present the total connected load of power is about 68 KW and one stand by D. G. Set (50

KVA) has been installed. The total power requirement after the proposed expansion is

estimated to 135 KW which will be fulfilled from the grid power supplied by Madhya Gujarat

Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL). The unit will also provide one D.G. Set (125 KVA) as a stand-

by to suffice the power requirement in case of main power failure.

Following measures & ways will be taken to save the Electrical Energy:-

Energy efficient Fluorescent Lamp T5, CFL will be used which have higher output. 50%

of external landscaped street lights will be supplied through solar panel.

Power factor will be maintained ~0.99 with the capacitor banks. All capacitors will be

provided with Harmonic Filters to avoid distortion in Voltage i.e. Clean Power will be

available.

External lighting will be automatically controlled using timer contactor at external lighting

panel. Led type lights & Sodium vapor lights will be used for external lighting.

2.8 SCHEDULE OF APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION

The proposed project has been planned for manufacturing various Synthetic Resin with the

total production capacity of 2300 TPM. The proposed project will be set up within the same

premises and entire development will take about 4 months for completion. The construction

activities for the proposed project will start after obtaining necessary approval from Ministry

of Environment and Forests and State Pollution Control Board (SPCB).

2.9 MAN POWER

The existing project consists a total of 7 employees. Additional 19 Employees are proposed

to be employed during expansion.

Description Mgmt. Staff

Supervisory Staff

Clerks Company Workers

Total*

E P E P E P E P E P

Administration 1 1 - - 1 2 1 2 3 5

Plant Operation - - 1 2 - - 2 8 3 10

Store & Dispatch - - - 1 - 1 1 2 1 4

Total 1 1 1 3 1 3 4 8 7 19

*E: Existing, P: Proposed



2.10 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Resins are manufactured in batch process by condensation reaction between acids and

glycols. During reaction water is formed which is regularly removed in order to remove traces

of un-reacted glycols & water. Vacuum is applied. Once the desired parameters are

achieved, the product is cooled and transferred to blender having Styrene Monomer/Xylene

with stirring on. Temperature in blender is not more than 70°C. After achieving all

parameters of resin i.e. acid value, gel time, viscosity, etc.; resins are transferred in barrels.

Manufacturing of each Synthetic Resin is briefly described below;

(A-1) UNSATURATED POLYESTER RESIN

a) Manufacturing Process

In SS reactor charge Dihydroxy glycol and Dicarboxylic acids. Raise Temperature up to

160 0C with continuous agitation. Reflux at 1600C in about 2 hours (approx). Remove the

reaction water continuously to allow temperature to rise to 210 0C. Check the sample for

acid value.

Start vacuum distillation for removing access water/volatiles from reactor. Stop vacuum

distraction and start cooling. Add inhibitor. Further cool to 1600C.

Discharge solid resin from reactor into blender containing styrene monomer. During

discharge resin temperature in blender should not increase 700C. Circulate the water in

jacket of blender to reduce blender temperature. Cool to room temperature. Testing like

viscosity, gel time etc is carried out. Adjust if necessary.

Weighted & packed in drums or carboys.



b) Reaction Chemistry



c) Material Balance Diagram

Reactor Glycol: 2615

Acid Anhydride: 2640 Maleic Anhydride: 1560

Additives: 10.0

Blender

10000 Kg of Unsaturated

Polyester Resin

Water Distilled Collection: 915

Styrene Monomer: 4000

All quantities are expressed in kg

Drier

Evaporation Loss: 825

Glycol Solution: 90



Summary of Mass Balance for Unsaturated Polyester Resin Capacity TPM : 2000 Batch size kg : 10000 Working Days Per Month : 26

Sr. No.

Name of Raw Material Quantity

Kg/BatchKg/Kg of Product

TPM Remarks

Input

1 Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG) - Fresh 2615.0 0.262 523.000

Reactant

2 Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG) - Reuse 90.0 0.009 18.000

3 Acid Anhydride (PA/IPA/PTA/AA) 2640.0 0.264 528.000

4 Maleaic Anhydride (MA) 1560.0 0.156 312.000

5 Styrene Monomer 4000.0 0.400 800.000

6 Additives 10.0 0.001 2.000

Total 10915.0 1.09 2183.000

Output

1 Polyester Resin 10000.0 1.000 2000.000 Finished Product

2 Evaporation loss 825.0 0.083 165.000

3 Glycol (MEG/DEG/PG/NPG) -

Recovered 90.0 0.009 18.000 Reuse

Total 10915.0 1.092 2183.000

(A-2) ALKYD RESIN


Charge Caster oil/ Linseed oil/ Soya bean oil and Glycerin/ MEG/ pentaerithritol/

Neo penta glycol/ trimethalol, along with Pthaliec anhydride/ Maliec anhydride/

adipic acid/rosin into the Reactor.

Raise Temperature up to 160°C with continuous agitation. Reflux at 16°C in about

2 hours(approx). Remove the reaction water continuously to allow temperature to

rise to 260°C. Check the sample for acid value.

Start vacuum distillation for removing access water/volatiles from reactor. Stop

vacuum distraction and start cooling. Add inhibitor. Further cool to 160°C.

Discharge solid resin from reactor into blender containing xylene. Circulate the

water in jacket of blender to reduce blender temperature. Cool to room

temperature.






Drier

90% Evaporated

Glycerin Solution: 40

Reactor

Castor Oil: 2860 Glycerin/MEG/NPG/Penta

erithritol/Methalol Propane: 1900 Acid Anhydride

(PA/MA/AA/Rosin): 3150

Blender

10000 Kg of Alkyd Resin

(Finished product)

Water Distilled Out: 410

Xylene: 2500




Summary of Mass Balance for Alkyd Resin

Capacity TPM : 2000

Batch size kg : 10000

Working Days Per Month : 26

Sr. No.

Name of Raw Material

Quantity

Kg/BatchKg/Kg

of Product

TPM Remarks

Input

1 Castor Oil/Linseed Oil/ Soya bean Oil

2860.0 0.286 572.000

Reactant

2 Glycerin/MEG/Pentaerithritol/ NPG/ Trimethalol Propane - Fresh

1900.0 0.190 380.000

3 Glycerin/MEG/Pentaerithritol/ NPG/ Trimethalol Propane – Reuse

40.0 0.004 8.000

4 Acid Anhydride (PA/MA/AA/Rosin)

3150.0 0.315 630.000

5 Xylene 2500.0 0.250 500.000

Total 10450.0 1.045 2090.000

Output

1 Alkyd Resin 10000.0 1.000 2000.000 Finished Product

2 Evaporation loss 410.0 0.041 82.000

3 Glycerin/ MEG/ Pentaerithritol/ NPG/ Trimethalol Propane– Recovered

40.0 0.004 8.000 Reuse

Total 10450.0 1.045 2090.0

(B-1) SATURATED POLYESTER RESIN


Charge Isophthalic acid/purified terephthalic acid and 5 sodium dimethyl

isophthalate, along with di-ethylene glycol/polyethylene glycol and mono ethylene

glycol with di butyl tin oxide in reactor.

The mass will be heated to 165°C where methanol/water will start coming out and

mass viscosity will be start increasing. The methanol/water will be condensed

and removed. The mass heated up to 200°C and vacuum is applied and excess

glycols and water will be removed. The polymer will be discharged in trays.

Crushed, pulverized and packed in bags.




Reactor IPA/PTA: 970

DMS Salt: 530 DEG/PG: 450

MEG/NPG: 450

Trans Esterification Reactor

2000 kg of Saturated Polyester Resin

(Finished product)

Methanol: 420


Trays

Crushing

Pulverizing

Packing



Summary of Mass Balance for Saturated Polyester Resin

Capacity TPM : 300



Sr. No. Name of Raw Material

Quantity

Kg/Batch Kg/Kg

of Product

TPM Remarks

Input

1 IPA/PTA 970 0.49 145.5

Reactant

2 5 Sodium Di Methyl Sulfo Isopthate

(DMS Salt) 530 0.27 79.5

3 DEG/Polyethylene Glycol 450 0.23 67.5

4 Di Butyl Tin Oxide 20 0.01 3.0

5 MEG/NPG 450 0.23 67.5

Total 2420 1.21 363.0

Output

1 Saturated

Polyester Resin 2000 1.00 300.0

Finished

Product

2 Methanol 420 0.21 63.0 By-

Product

Total 2420.0 1.21 363.0

(B-2) EPOXY RESIN


Charge Epoxy resin and Bisphenol A in reactor. Heat to 170°C and maintain

temperature for 2-4 hours. Check epoxy equivalent weight. Cool it to 80°C. Dilute

it in xylene and cool to room temperature. Testing will be carried out and packed

in drums and carboys.





Reactor Epoxy Resin: 1200

Bisphenol A: 300 Caustic Soda: 0.2

Blender

2000 Kg of Epoxy Resin

(Finished product)

Xylene: 500




Summary of Mass Balance for Epoxy Resin

Capacity TPM : 300



Sr. No.

Name of Raw Material

Quantity

Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of Product

TPM Remarks

Input

1 Epoxy Resin 1200 0.60 180.0

Reactant 2 Bisphenol A 300 0.15 45.0

3 Caustic Soda 0.2 0.00 0.03

4 Xylene 500 0.25 75.0

Total 2000 1.00 300.0

Output

1 Epoxy Resin 2000 1.00 300.0 Finished Product

Total 2000 1.00 300.0

(B-3) VINYL ESTER RESIN


Charge Epoxy resin and Bisphenol A in reactor. Heat to 170 0C and maintain

temperature for 2-4 hours. Check epoxy equivalent weight. Cool it to 100 0C. Add

Methacrylic acid and additives in reactor. Maintain the temperature for 4-6 hours.

Cool to 80 0C.

Discharge solid resin from reactor into blender containing styrene monomer.

During discharge resin temperature in blender should not increase 70 0C.

Circulate the water in jacket of blender to reduce blender temperature. Cool to

room temperature. Testing like viscosity, gel time etc is carried out. Adjust if

necessary.





Summary of Mass Balance for Vinyl Ester Resin

Capacity TPM : 300



Sr.

No. Name of Raw Material

Quantity

Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of

Product TPM Remarks

Input

1 Epoxy Resin 605 0.30 90.8

Reactant

2 Bisphenol A 275 0.14 41.3

3 Methacrylic Acid 210 0.11 31.5

4 Additives 10 0.01 1.5

5 Styrene Monomer 900 0.45 135.0

Total 2000 1.00 300.0

Output

1 Vinyl Ester Resin 2000 1.00 300.0 Finished Product

Total 2000 1.00 300.0

Reactor Epoxy Resin: 605 Bisphenol A: 275

Methacrylic Acid: 210 Additives: 10

Blender

2000 kg of Vinyl Ester Resin

(Finished product)

Styrene Monomer: 900


SECTION III

DESCRIPTION OF THE

ENVIRONMENT

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-III/ Description of Environment


SECTION - III

INDEX

S. No. Particulars Page no.

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.0 GENERAL 67

3.1 STUDY AREA 67

3.2 LOCATION OF MONITORING STATION 68

3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT 70-76

3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 77-79

3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 80-82

3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 83-84

3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 84-94

3.8 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 94-107

*************



DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONEMNT

3.0 GENERAL

The anthropogenic activities related to industrial sector cause impacts on environmental

components in and around the project site. However, the intensity of environmental impacts

vary from project to projects, depends upon several factors like; Physical, Chemical, & other

etc., Involved in the project, processing capacity (scale / size of the project), type and extent

of pollution control measures, project location surrounding geomorphology etc. To assess

environmental impacts from proposed project (specific), it is essential to monitor the

environmental quality prevailing in the surrounding area prior to implementation of the

proposed project. The environmental status (baseline status) within the study area is used

for prediction of anticipated environmental impact assessment study. The impacts from an

existing industrial project on its surrounding environment are due to the nature of pollutants,

their quantities discharged to the environment, existing environmental quality, assimilative

capacity of the surrounding environment and topography.

3.1STUDY AREA

The defined study area includes Taluka Sanand, Daskroi and Dholka in Ahmedabad District

of Gujarat.

1. General Particular

i Project Site Latitude (N) : N 22°55'44.03"N E 22°55'43.49"N W 22°55'43.54"N S 22°55'42.95"N

Project Site Longitude (E) : N 72°27'11.80"E E 72°27'13.06"E W 72°27'10.88"E S 72°27'11.87"E

ii Study area : 314 Sq. Km

iii Taluka : 1) Sanand

2) Daskroi

3) Dholka iv District : Ahmedabad



2. Demography

i Total Population : 2,68,686

a) Male : 1,42,653

b) Female : 1,26,033

ii. Average Literacy Rate : 56.18 %

a) Male : 75.86% (With respect to male

population)

b) Female : 61.38%. (With respect to female

population)

3. Climatology (Study Period)

i Total rainfall (Max in mm) : 00 mm

ii Temperature (Max) : 29.90oC

iii Temperature (Min) : 19.20oC

iv Relative Humidity (Max) : 96 %

v Relative Humidity (Min) : 20 %

Source: Demography Data-Census, 2001,Meteorology Data: IMD, Ahmedabad

3.2 LOCATION OF MONITORING STATIONS

As per the EIA guidelines, total7 monitoring stations including project site were selected for

monitoring of Ambient Air, Water, Noise and Soil within the study area covering 10 km radial

distance from the project site. Topographic map showing the project site and the study area

is given as Annexure IV. The monitoring period is post monsoon Season. The monitoring

stations were selected on the basis of surface influence, demographic influence and

meteorological influence.

Table 3.1: Monitoring Locations

Location Code

Location Name

GPS Coordinates

Direction w.r.t Plant

Site

Distances w.r.t Plant Site (km)

Environmental attributes

monitored*

S1 Project Site 22°55'43.72"N 72°27'11.76"E -- -- A, GW, S, N

S2 Vishalpur 22°54'43.06"N 72°29'14.86"E

ESE / 118° 3.95 Km A, GW, SW, S, N


22°55'24.82"N 72°26'44.14"E

SW / 230° 0.95 Km A, GW, S, N

S4 Tajpur 22°54'10.49"N 72°27'00.32"E

S / 190° 2.88 Km A, GW, S, N

S5 Changodar 22°55'51.92"N 72°26'48.02"E

W / 280° 0.80 Km A, GW, SW, S, N

S6 Navapura 22°56'53.32"N 72°26'56.35"E

NNW / 340° 2.17 Km A, GW, SW, S, N

S7 NH-8A 22°55'54.64"N 72°26'59.51"E

WNW / 302° 0.5 Km N

*Note: A–Ambient Air, GW–Ground water, SW-Surface water, N–Noise, S–Soil



Fig. 3.1

Google Image showing the monitoring location within 5 Km Radius from the project

site

Project Site (S-1)



3.3 LAND ENVIRONMENT

This section includes the study of natural features like topography, drainage, climate,

hydrology, etc.

3.3.1 Topography

General topography of the study area is fairly plain. No hills or elevated lands are found in

the study area.

3.3.2 Geology

The major portion of the district is covered by recent and sub recent formations. The area is

almost flat covered by brown sandy and clayey soil and has a gentle southerly and south

westerly slope. Geologically, the area forms a part of Cambay basin, therefore, its

subsurface geology has also been deciphered on the lines of main Cambay basin. Whole of

the area is covered under a thick cover of alluvium except a few outcrops of Deccan traps

and lime stones in Dhandhuka taluka.

3.3.3 Drainage

Generally the groundwater flows from north-east to south-west in the study area. There are

16 rivers in the district. Among them the Sabarmati is the principal river of this district and

rest are small rivers. Main River is Sabarmati, which originates from Aravalli Ranges of

Rajasthan and meeting to sea in the bay of Cambay. The total length of this river is 416 km.

It flows for 118km in Ahmedabad district. Except the river Sabarmati, the Khari river a

tributary of Sabarmati and the Meshvo flows through Dehgam and Daskroi talukas. There is

another river called Rodh which flows through Sanand and Dholka taluka. The hydrology

map of the study is showing the canal, water stream and water body is given in Figure 3.2.



Fig. 3.2

Hydrology Map of the Study Area

3.3.4 Land-Use analysis

Objectives:-The objectives of land use studies were:-

To determine the present land use pattern;

To ascertain the temporal changes in land use and;

To scrutinize the impacts on land use due to project activities in the study area;

Material and methods:- The details of study area, collection of relevant satellite images,

ground truth observation, and the use of software and analytical tools used in the current

study.

Geographical location of the study area:-The study area comprises of the 10 km radial

area around project site that lie in Village Changodar of Sanand taluka in Ahmedabad

District, which covers Sanand, Daskroi and Dholka Talukas of Ahmedabad District. The total

geographical area of study area is 31,400 ha.

Materials: - The equipment used during the present investigation include ground truth hand

held GARMIN 12 GPS receiver for ground truth collection, besides the visual observation

and analysis.



Garmin 12 GPS receiver: - Global Positioning System is based on a constellation of 24

satellites orbiting the Earth at a very high altitude of 20,200 km, which allows anyone with a

GPS receiver to determine the precise 3-D location. It offers advantages of accuracy, speed,

versatility and economy while in use as an aid for position based data collection. GPS owes

its popularity to the dependable high accuracy with which position and time can be

determined. The termination of selective availability from first May 2000 has instantly

increased the accuracy of stand-alone mode GPS to at least five fold and things are going to

get even better in the near future. The GPS was conceived as a ranging system from known

positions of satellites in space to unknown positions on land, sea and space. GPS uses

pseudo ranges derived from the broadcast satellites. The pseudo ranges were derived either

from measuring the travel time of the (coded) signal and multiplying it by its velocity or by

measuring the phase of the signal. The antenna detects the electromagnetic waves arriving

from the satellites, converts the wave energy into an electric current, amplifies the signal

strength and sends the signals to the receiver electronics. The GARMIN 12 GPS Receiver in

stand-alone mode was used to collect the information regarding the geographical location of

the ground truth sites during the present investigation.

Satellite data: - In the present study, land use and land cover information in the study area

has been studied using the satellite image data of 2009 obtained from The Indian Remote

Sensing. The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radial study area from the project site

has been prepared using IRS ID LISS III satellite image with reference to NRSC Image.

Topographical maps of the study area:-The Survey of India topographical maps ofF43/G-

5 (46/B-5), F43/A-8 (46/A-8), F43/A-12 (46/A-12) and F43/G-9 (46/B-9)on 1:50,000 scale

covering Sanand, Daskroi and Dholka Talukas of Ahmedabad District of Gujarat were used

as reference maps for georeferencing of the remote sensing data. These maps helped to

select the ground truth collection sites.

Ancillary data: - Information derived from the remotely sensed data can only be verified

using field data. Field data is used to improve the information extraction, to calibrate either

data or the information and to assess the accuracy of the derived information. Field data

used in the study was of different types such as maps of Survey of India, data collected in

the field sampling, and information derived from statistical data from revenue department.

Computer hardware and software: - HP P-4 dual core PC with ERDAS IMAGINE 8.5

image analysis software was used for processing and analysis of the remote sensing data.

Arc view version 3.2 was used for making land use maps.

Ground truth data collection: - The different methods followed while collecting the ground

truth information, digital image analysis are described in the following text.



Spatial observations: - Spatial measurements were made with the help of hand held GPS

to get the spatial coordinated along with type of land use.

The raw LISS III spectral information’s was collected in the three bands as detailed below:

Band 2: Green region, 520-570 nm

Band 3: Red region, 620-680 nm and

Band 4: Near infrared region, 770-860 nm

Digital image analysis: - The various steps involved in the digital image analysis of remote

sensing data are as follows.

For digital image processing and analysis, preliminary work like collection of maps, reports,

remote sensing images, collection and study of collateral and ground truth data were done

first. Among all, ground truth data collection is very important for subsequent digital analysis.

The HP P-4 dual core PC with ERDAS IMAGINE 8.5 software was used for processing and

analysis of remote sensing data. The Toposheet of the study area on1:50,000 scale were

scanned and were geometrically corrected in the DATA PREPARATION panel of ERDAS

IMAGINE. The IRS P6 LISS III Image of the study area acquired on July 2002 was loaded

into the ERDAS IMAGINE using the IMPORT option. Later, geometric correction of the

image was done with the help of the geometrically corrected SOI Toposheet and Ground

Control Points (GCPs) collected with the GPS receiver. The raw image data when viewed on

the display showed the difficulty indistinguishing all features. Preliminary interpretation of the

satellite data was conducted and GCPs, which were distributed randomly throughout the

image with minimum root mean square (rms) error of less than 0.5 were selected.

Polynomial transformation of 1st order was used because the correction program runs faster

with it and it also avoids geometric distortion in areas of very few GCPs. After completing

geometric correction of the image, study area boundary overlay was done. The

unsupervised classification was used to prepare the LULC map of the study area.



Fig: 3.3

LULC Map

Description of Landuse: - The study area is prominently covered by agriculture land, which

is about 57.01 %. The settlement is mostly confined to the ‘rural & urban settlement’ (built

up-rural) 7.64 % and the total industrial area 7.55 % has noticed in the 10 km study area.

The scrub area constitutes the category of land use covering as much as 5.45 % of the total

area. Active river channels of the study area and its tributaries flowing into it cover about

5.72 % of the total study area. The category of land use land covers result is given below

Table 3.2.



Table 3.2

Classification of LULC in study area

Sr. No. Land use Area (sq km) Percent (%) 1. Build-up-land

a) Settlement 12.23 7.64 b) Industrial zone 12.08 7.55

2. Agriculture Land a) Crop Land/ Current fellow land 91.23 57.01 b) Plantation 5.03 3.14 c) Other Agriculture 12.84 8.08

3. Waste Land a) Land with scrub 8.72 5.45 b) Land without scrub 2.15 1.34

4. Water Body a) Stream/River/Tank/Reservoir 9.16 5.72 b) Mudflat 6.56 4.1

Total 160 100

3.3.5 Soil Quality of the Area

Soils may be defined as a thin layer of earth crust that serves as a natural medium for the

growth of the plants. It is the unconsolidated minerals factors. Soil serves as a reservoir of

nutrients of plants and crops. It also provides mechanical anchorage and favorable filth.

3.3.6 Soil Quality Analysis

Data generation

The soil study was carried out to analyze the soil characteristics of the study area. For

studying soil quality of the region Six samples were collected, description of the same as per

Table 3.1.

Soil Quality

Seven soil samples in 10 km radius project Area was collected and analyzed. The analytical

results are given in blow.



Table 3.3: Soil Monitoring Results

Nature of Sample SOIL SAMPLLE Date of sampling 18/10/2012Location of Sampling Point M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries

Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad

Protocol IS: 2720

Sr. No.

Parameters Unit S1-

Project Site

S2-Vishal

pur

S3-Changodar Industrial

Area

S4-Tajpur

S5-Changodar

S6-Navapura

1. pH (5% Solution)

-- 7.0 6.6 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0

2. Bulk Density gm/cm3 1.14 1.2 1.14 1.13 1.16 1.17

3. Appearance --- Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown Brown

4. Salinity ppt 0.088 0.063 0.078 0.066 0.073 0.077

5. Porosity % 52 53 58 56 52 54

6. Water Holding Capacity

% 30 36 42 44 42.8 40.2

7. Texture Class

a) Silt % 38 36 34 36 32 33

b) Clay % 12 9 10 9 12 14

c) Sand % 50 55 56 55 56 53

8. Electrical Conductivity

ms/cm 123 132 124 133 125 132

9. Sodium mg/Kg 75 80 79 82 79 78

10. Potassium mg/Kg 30 29 26 28 31 29

11. Phosphorous mg/Kg 32 28 41 35 26 38

12. Magnesium mg/Kg 68 66 68 65 70 71

13. Calcium mg/Kg 235 212 268 322 227 202

14. SAR -- 6.09 6.79 6.09 5.89 6.48 6.68

15. Iron as Fe mg/Kg 30 36 42 44 42.8 40.2

16. Copper as Cu mg/Kg 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.6

17. Manganese as Mn

mg/Kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

18. Nitrogen mg/Kg <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

19. Sulphate mg/Kg 237 243 262 280 265 245

20. Chloride mg/Kg 66 59 72 70 68 62

Results & Conclusions The soil analysis results are presented in above Table 3.3. The result obtained is compared

with the standard soil classification given Agriculture Soil Limits. It has been observed that

the soils are sandy silt in texture and neutral in nature. The nutrient and organic matter

contents are medium and the soil is normally fertile.



3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT

3.4.1 Hydrogeology Aspects Geo hydrologically, major parts of the district consist of alluvial formation. Alluvial formation

is made up of Sand, clay, kankers, silt and gravels. In this formation water is available under

confined and unconfined conditions. Remaining area is made up of Basalt, which is very

poor in ground water availability and yield. Sufficient discharge is available from alluvial

formation. Thickness of Alluvium in north- west part of the area is more. Average depth of

tube-well in eastern part ranges from 90-120 mts and in north- west part it is350 to 400 mts.

Generally water supply schemes in the study area are based on deep tube-wells. Due to

heavy drilling activity and over extraction of ground water since last two decades, there is a

sharp decline in water levels and in the quality of water. In terms of ground water

development Dascroi and Sanand talukas of the study area comes under over exploited

category, where ground water development is more than 100% and Dholka taluka comes

under dark (critical) category, where ground water development is between 90% to 100%.

3.4.2 Water Quality Methodology Monitoring locations were finalized on the basis of the following aspects:-

Drainage pattern;

Tube wells (utilized for drinking water purposes)

Surface water (if any) in study area; and

Water samples were collected in Pre-sterilized sampling container for Ground water and

Surface water. Chemical and Metals analysis was carried out as per standard Methods,

Published by APHA and BIS. The description of the locations was given in Table 3.1 earlier

in this chapter and the monitoring reports of different location are given as below:



Table 3.4: Water Analysis Report

Project Name M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries

Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway,

Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad

Nature of Sample Ground Water

Date of Sample 18/10/2012

Sample Packing Plastic Carboys

Sample Size 5.0 Liter

S. No.

Parameters Unit IS: 10500 Requirement S1-Project

Site

S2 -Vishalpur

S3 - Changodar Industrial

Area

S4 - Tajpur

S5 -Changodar

S6 -Navapura

Test Method

Desirable Limit

Permissible Limit

i pH --- 6.5 – 8.5 6.5-8.5 7.56 7.80 7.60 7.60 7.60 7.80 IS 3025 (Part 11) 1983

ii Odour --- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 05) 1983

iii Taste --- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 07) 1984

iv Elec. Conductivity

µs/Cm2 -- -- 177.00 168.00 166.00 172.00 182.00 177.00 IS 3025 (Part 14) 1984

v Temperature º C -- -- 32 32 32 32 32 32 IS 3025 (Part 09) 1984

vi Turbidity NTU 5 10 3.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 IS 3025 (Part 10) 1984

vii Dissolved Solids mg/l 500 2000 898.00 725.00 1022.00 882.00 763.00 922.00 IS 3025 (Part 16) 1984

viii Total Hardness as CaCO3

mg/l 200 600 310.00 285.00 305.00 295.00 290.00 298.00 IS 3025 (Part 21) 2009

ix Calcium (as Ca+2) mg/l 75 200 62.12 57.11 61.12 58.92 58.12 59.72 IS 3025 (Part 40) 2009

x Magnesium (as Mg+2) mg/l 30

No Relaxation

37.67 34.63 37.06 35.97 35.24 36.21 IS 3025 (Part 46) 2009

xi Alkalinity mg/l 200 600 230.00 210.00 205.00 210.00 222.00 210.00 IS3025 (Part 46) 2009

xii Chlorides(as Cl-) mg/l 250 1000 299.33 241.67 340.67 294.00 254.33 307.33 IS 3025 (Part 23) 2009



S.

No. Parameters Unit IS: 10500 Requirement S1-

Project Site

S2 -Vishalpur

S3 -Changodar Industrial

Area

S4 -Tajpur

S5 -Changodar

S6 -Navapura

Test Method

Desirable Limit

Permissible Limit

xiii Sulphate as SO4-2

mg/l 200 400 55.00 59.00 62.00 63.00 58.00 55.00 IS 3025 (Part 24) 2009

xiv Nitrates (as NO3-) mg/l 45

No relaxation

29.00 30.00 30.00 32.00 33.00 28.00 IS 3025 (Part 34) 2009

xv Fluoride (as F-) mg/l 1 1.5 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.50 0.25 0.25 IS 3025 (Part 60) 2009

xvi Iron (as Fe) mg/l 0.3 No

relaxation < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 < 0.02 IS 3025 (Part 53) 2009

xvii Phenolic compound

mg/l 0.001 0.002 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 IS 3025 (Part 43) 2009

xviii COD mg/l -- -- < 0.7 15.00 20.00 22.00 20.00 20.00 IS 3025 (Part 58) 2009

xix BOD mg/l -- -- < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 IS 3025 (Part 44) 2009

xx Chromium (as Cr+6)

mg/l 0.05 No

relaxation < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 < 0.03 IS 3025 (Part 52) 2009

xxi Copper (as Cu) mg/l 0.05 1.5 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 < 0.04 IS 3025 (Part 42) 2009

xxii Lead (Pb) mg/l 0.01 No

relaxation <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 IS 3025 (Part 47) 2009

xxiii Zinc (as Zn) mg/l 5 15 1.85 1.22 1.35 1.30 1.22 1.52 IS 3025 (Part 49) 2009

Results & Conclusions:

The above monitoring reports show that Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Magnesium, Alkalinity and Chlorides in the ground water samples at

all the location is higher than Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500, however all these parameters are within the Permissible Limit

prescribed under IS: 10500. All other parameters are well within the Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500.



3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Meteorology

The atmosphere is the medium in which air pollution transported away from the source.

Meteorology influences the way air pollution is dispersed, including wind direction and wind

speed, type of terrain and heating effects. Atmospheric stability affects pollution released

from ground level and elevated sources differently. In unstable conditions, ground level

pollution is readily dispersed thereby reducing ground level concentrations. Elevated

emissions, however, such as those released from a chimney, are returned more readily to

ground level, leading to rise ground level concentrations. Stable conditions mean less

atmospheric mixing and therefore higher concentrations around ground level sources, but

better dispersal rates, and therefore lower ground level concentrations, for elevated plumes.

Percentage frequencies of wind in 16 directions have been computed from the recorded data

during the study period for 24 hourly intervals to plot wind rose. The pictorial represents the

summary of the wind pattern is given blow of the study period.

Table 3.5: Micro meteorological data for the study period at project site

Parameter Max Min

Temperature (0C) 29.9 19.2

Relative Humidity (%) 96 20

Wind Speed (m/sec) 10 0.56

Rainfall (in) 0.00

Predominant direction Blowing from NE to SW

Table 3.6:

Frequency distribution S.

No. Wind Classes

(m/s) Directions

0.5 - 2.1 2.1 - 3.6 3.6 - 5.7 5.7 - 8.8 8.8 - 11.1 >= 11.1 Total (%)

1 348.75 - 11.25 0.000000 0.000000 0.038934 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 3.89340

2 11.25 - 33.75 0.002049 0.000000 0.006148 0.002049 0.008197 0.000000 1.84430

3 33.75 - 56.25 0.006148 0.004098 0.000000 0.049180 0.008197 0.000000 6.76230

4 56.25 - 78.75 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.00000

5 78.75 - 101.25 0.000000 0.000000 0.006148 0.018443 0.004098 0.000000 2.86890

6 101.25 - 123.75 0.000000 0.000000 0.002049 0.030738 0.008197 0.000000 4.09840

7 123.75 - 146.25 0.010246 0.004098 0.000000 0.010246 0.084016 0.000000 10.86070

8 146.25 - 168.75 0.002049 0.000000 0.004098 0.002049 0.127049 0.000000 13.52460

9 168.75 - 191.25 0.008197 0.002049 0.000000 0.010246 0.114754 0.000000 13.52460

10 191.25 - 213.75 0.053279 0.002049 0.000000 0.004098 0.026639 0.000000 8.60660

11 213.75 - 236.25 0.149590 0.004098 0.000000 0.004098 0.016393 0.000000 17.41800

12 236.25 - 258.75 0.057377 0.000000 0.000000 0.002049 0.006148 0.000000 6.55740

13 258.75 - 281.25 0.004098 0.051230 0.000000 0.000000 0.004098 0.000000 5.94260



14 281.25 - 303.75 0.004098 0.018443 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 2.25410

15 303.75 - 326.25 0.000000 0.000000 0.014344 0.004098 0.000000 0.000000 1.84430

16 326.25 - 348.75 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.00000

Sub-Total 0.297131 0.086066 0.071721 0.137295 0.407787 0.000000 100.000000Calms 0.000000

Missing/Incomplete 0.000000

Total 100.000000

Fig. : 3.4

Wind Rose Diagram (24 hrs)

Inferece:

The predominant wind direction during this Study period is observed to be blowing from NE

to SW. Wind speeds during this period were in the range of 0.56 to 10.0 m/sec. There was

no Calm wind observed during this period.



AMBIENT AIR QUALITY

The data for ambient air quality status within 5 km radius of the site has been generated by

Envisafe Environment Consultants, laboratory accredited by NABL, for the study period. 6

monitoring stations were installed at different locations to assess the ambient air quality;

description of the locations was given in Table 3.1 earlier in this chapter. The monitoring

report is enclosed as Annexure- VII and the summary of AAQ monitoring results is given

below table no.3.7.

Table 3.7:

Summary of ambient air monitoring

Locations PM10

g/m3 PM2.5

g/m3 SO2

g/m3 NOx g/m3

VOC as Benzeneg/m3 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min

S1-Project Site 84.6 67.1 32.5 19.2 27.8 22.1 21.2 14.3 BDL

S2-Vishalpur 72.9 54.3 26.6 16.8 20.4 15.2 21.9 13.2 BDL

S3-Changodar Industrial Area

91.2 73.2 42.5 26.5 31.5 25.6 21.9 16.6 BDL

S4-Tajpur 86.3 61.8 39.5 22.4 29.2 23.2 27.8 22.3 BDL

S5-Changodar 82.3 62.3 32.1 17.6 24.3 18.1 31.9 26.1 BDL

S6-Navapura 64.2 48.9 23.3 14.5 18.9 15.2 19.8 13.2 BDL

NAAQS* 100 60 80 80 5

*NAAQS: National Ambient Air Quality Standard

Observations:

PM10: The maximum value for PM10 observed at Chagodar Industrial Area is 91.2 µg/m3 and

minimum value for PM10observed at Navapura Village is 64.2 µg/m3.

PM2.5: The maximum value for PM2.5 observed at Chagodar industrial area 42.5 µg/m3 and

minimum value for PM2.5 at Navapura Village 23.3 µg/m3.

SO2: The maximum value for SO2 observed at Chagodar industrial area 31.5 µg/m3 and

minimum value for SO2 at Navapura Village 18.9 µg/m3.

NOx: The maximum value for NOx observed at Chagodar 31.9 µg/m3 and minimum value for

NOx at Navapura Village 19.8 µg/m3.

Results and Conclusions

The results of the monitored data indicate that the ambient air quality of the region in

general is conformity with respect to norms of National Ambient Air Quality standards of

CPCB/MoEF, at all locations monitored.



3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Noise pollution is unwanted human-created sound that disrupts the environment. Monitoring

of noise is required to measure the background noise level to estimate the increment in

noise level after installation of any industry. The noise level was measured at Seven

locations in the study area, description of the locations was given in Table 3.1 earlier in this

chapter.

The details of equipment used in noise monitoring are as follows: -

Type of equipment - Sound level meter

Make - Lutron

Model - SL 4030

Least count - 30 dB(A)

The statistical analysis is done for measured noise levels and is analyzed for Leqday &

Leqnight. The statistical analysis results are given below

Table 3.8:

Ambient Noise Monitoring Results

Date of sampling : 15/10/2012 to 16/10/2012 Sl. No.

Hour S1 - Project

Site

S2 - Vishalpur


Area

S4 - Tajpur

S5 - Changodar

S6 - Navapura

S7 - NH-8A

01 06:00 am - 07:00 am 45.3 44.8 47.2 42.8 44.6 45.2 57.6

02 07:00 am - 08:00 am 49.5 46.4 50.4 44.2 45.7 46.8 61.2

03 08:00 am - 09:00 am 53.5 48.2 53.8 46.3 46.8 48.1 62.4

04 09:00 am - 10:00 am 53.2 49.6 54.2 46.6 48.9 49.2 63.9

05 10:00 am - 11:00 am 52.4 50.6 54.6 48.2 51.4 49.8 63.4

06 11:00 am - 12:00 pm 53.5 52.3 54.8 49.2 52.3 47.2 62.6

07 12:00 pm - 01:00 pm 52.4 49.8 53.5 49.6 53.7 46.6 63.4

08 01:00 pm - 02:00 pm 52.7 47.9 52.9 48.2 52.8 48.9 64.1

09 02:00 pm - 03:00 pm 51.5 46.8 52.4 49.6 52.7 49.8 63.4

10 03:00 pm - 04:00 pm 51.8 47.2 52.8 49.8 52.8 46.2 62.6

11 04:00 pm - 05:00 pm 52.7 47.9 51.9 48.3 53.4 47.3 61.5

12 05:00 pm - 06:00 pm 50.4 46.2 53.7 49.2 52.5 46.6 61.2

13 06:00 pm - 07:00 pm 49.8 50.3 54.2 47.3 53.4 46.8 60.8

14 07:00 pm - 08:00 pm 49.5 48.3 53.6 46.3 51.5 47.2 60.4

15 08:00 pm - 09:00 pm 48.6 48.7 51.5 45.2 48.5 45.5 58.5

16 09:00 pm - 10:00 pm 49.2 49.6 49.2 44.1 46.4 44.1 59.2

17 10:00 pm - 11:00 pm 48.4 47.3 48.5 43.2 45.2 42.3 57.5

18 11:00 pm - 12:00 pm 45.8 42.1 47.6 40.2 43.6 40.1 54.2

19 12:00 pm - 01:00 am 44.2 42.3 46.8 41.2 40.5 39.5 52.4

20 01:00 am - 02:00 am 39.8 40.2 41.5 40.9 38.6 37.1 53.5

21 02:00 am - 03:00 am 40.2 39.1 42.1 37.2 36.8 36.6 52.8



Date of sampling : 15/10/2012 to 16/10/2012 Sl. No.

Hour S1 - Project

Site

S2 - Vishalpur


Area

S4 - Tajpur

S5 - Changodar

S6 - Navapura

S7 - NH-8A

22 03:00 am - 04:00 am 40.9 38.2 41.2 37.6 37.2 37.5 52.9

23 04:00 am - 05:00 am 42.5 40.2 43.5 39.4 38.6 40.1 53.8

24 05:00 am - 06:00 am 44.6 42.5 46.5 41.5 42.9 43.5 55.2

Leq (day) 50.85 48.35 52.31 46.95 50.15 46.92 61.39 Leq (night) 42.57 40.66 44.17 39.71 39.74 39.20 53.54

Note: All values are expressed in dB(A) Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m. and Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.

Observations For the location S1-S6, the daytime (Leqday) noise levels are observed to be in the range of

46.92 –52.31dB(A) which are within the prescribed limit of 55 dB(A).The nighttime (Leqnight)

Noise levels are observed to be in the range of 39.20- 44.17(A) Which are within the

prescribed limit of 45 dB(A).

The noise level (Leq) at National highway-8A (S-7) nearer to project site is higher because of

vehicular traffic both during day and nighttime, however it is within the limit of65 dB(A)& 55

dB(A)prescribed by CPCB for the category of commercial area respectively during day and

night time.

Assessment of existing noise level within premises revealed that adequate control measures

are taken by the industries to control the noise within the plant premises and monitoring data

also shows that noise within the industrial premise is well below compare to noise level

standard given by OSHA to avoid noise damage to workers. Results of the existing plant

monitoring is attached as Annexure-VII

3.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

3.7.1 Period of the study and Study area

Floral and faunal survey was carried out in the core and buffer zone of the project area.

Sampling was carried out covering various habitats falling in the 10 km radius from the

proposed project location.

3.7.2 Methodology adopted for Biodiversity Study

Aim of the sampling was to inventorize various floral and faunal groups of the project study

area. Random plot sampling was carried out to prepare inventory of floral and faunal groups

covering various habitats of the project study area. Moreover literature review was

conducted to identify the representative spectrum of threatened species, population and



ecological communities listed by IUCN, WCMC, ZSI, BSI and Indian wild Life Protection act,

1972. Present study was carried out to identify the floral and faunal diversity, to identify the

endangered species of flora and fauna.

I. Sampling Methods

Flora

Floral inventory was done following standard sampling techniques. Random quadrates

were laid in order to quantify the vegetation of the study site. Quadrate size for trees was 10

x 10 m, for shrubs it was 3 x 3 m and for herbs it was 1 x 1m. Plots of 5 x 5 m and 1 x 1 m

were laid within the tree quadrate at each corner to record shrubs and herbs respectively. In

each quadrate, species and their total individuals were recorded.

Avifauna

Point count method was adopted for counting the birds. Also, opportunistic sightingsof the

birds were also recorded. Moreover, Identification by calls was also made for species which

were not directly encountered or were hidden in the vegetation or canopy.

Herpetofauna

Amphibians and reptiles recorded during active searches in the buses of herbs/shrubs,

under boulders etc. and identified by visual characteristics. Aquatic searches involved

examining each type of aquatic habitat.

Mammals

Evidences of mammals were documented by using both direct sightings and indirect

evidences i.e. animal burrows/holes, scats, pellets, droppings and tracks Opportunistic

sightings were also included. Circular Plots were used to search indirect evidences.

3.7.3 ECOLOGY Producer, consumer and decomposer govern whole cycle of ecology. Plant and animal both

are interdependent to each other. Producer is necessary for each consumer. Plant plays

their role in ecology as producer. Plant, animals and microorganism together with the

environment in which they live make of an independent unit called the Eco system.

Ecology in essence is the study of the living and non-living components, interaction of

community and the environment and exchange of material (energy and nutrient) between

Apart from the all above methods, interviews of the local peoples were also

conducted to strengthen the inventory of the floral and faunal groups of the study



living and non-living parts. A community includes all organisms in the given area interacting

with the abiotic environment. Due to the geographic location and climatic conditions of

Gujarat, flora and fauna are not monotonous in nature.

The ecology of the study area is briefly discussed in this subsection. The study area is

mostly surrounded by rural area. The land use pattern use shows the major portion covered

by irrigated land. The climate of area is surrounded by pleasant climatic conditions

supporting thick natural vegetation cover. Besides the natural vegetation, several species of

trees are planted and are thriving well in the study area. The common species of the trees,

bushes and grasses found in study area are as under:

Table- 3.9:

Floral species in the Study Area

Sr. No.

Life Form

Family Scientific Name Vernacular

Name 1. Trees Alangiaceae Alangium salvifolium Wang Ankol

2. Anacardiaceae Mangifera indica L. Ambo

3. Annonaceae Annona squamosa L. Sitaphal

4. Polylathia longifolia B. & H. Asopalav

5. Apocynaceae Plumeria rubra L. Champo

6. Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R.Br.

7. Araceae Borassus flabellifer L. Tad

8. Cocos nucifera L. Nariyali

9. Phoenix sylvestris Roxb. Khajuri

10. Bombacaceae Bombax ceiba Roxb. Simdo

11. Caesalpiniaceae Bauhinia racemosa Lamk. Asatrai Sonu

12. Bauhinia purpurea L. Kanchnar

13. Cassia fistula L. Garmalo

14. Cassia siamea Lamk. --

15. Parkinsonia aculeata L Rambaval

16. Delonix regia Raf. Gulmohur

17. Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex Heyne

Sonmukhi

18. Tamarindus indica L. Amli

19. Capparaceae Crateva nurvala Buch.Hamm Vaivarno

20. Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia Frost. Vilayati sharu

21. Combretaceae Terminalia crenulata L. Sadad

22. Terminalia catappa L. Deshi Badam

23. Ebenaceae Diospyros cordifolia Roxb. Dheki



Sr. No.

Life Form


Name 24. Ehretiaceae Cordia dichotoma Forst. Gunda

25. Cordia gharaf (Forsk.) E. & A. Gunda

26. Euphorbiaceae Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Ambla

27. Gramineae Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Vans

28. Malvaceae Thespesia populnea Soland. Paras piplo

29. Meliaceae Azadirachta indica A.Juss Limbado

30. Melia azadirachta L. Bakan limdo

31. Melia composita Willd. Limbara

32. Mimosaceae

Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.subsp.indica (Bth.) Brenan

Baval

33. Acacia chundra (Roxb.ex Rottl.) Willd. Khair

34. Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth Siris

35. Albizia procera (Roxb.) Bth Kalo siris

36. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Pardesi Baval

37. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Bth Gorasmli

38. Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khyigdo

39. Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC Gadobaval

40. Moraceae Ficus benghalensis L Vad

41. Ficus religiosa L Piplo

42. Ficus racemosa L. Umaro

43. Streblus aspera Lour. Harero

44. Moringaceae Moringa oleifera Lam Sargavo

45. Myrtaceae Eucalyptus citriodora Hk Nilgari

46. Callistemon cistrinus L Bottle brush

47. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Jambu

48. Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr.

Shevari

49. Rhamnaceae Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth. Bor

50. Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Bordi

51. Rubiaceae Mitragyna parvifolia Korth. Kadamb

52. Rutaceae Aegle marmelos Corr. Bili Patra

53. Citrus limon Burm Limbu

54. Limonia acidissima L. Kothu

55. Salvadoraceae Salvadora persica L Piludo

56. Salvadora oleoides Done. Piludi

57. Sapotaceae Madhuca indica L. Mahudo



Sr. No.

Life Form


Name 58. Manilkara hexandra Dubard. Rayan

59. Mimusops elengi L. Borsalli

60. Manilkara zapota (L.) van Chikoo

61. Simaroubaceae Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. Moto Arduso

62. Sterculiaceae Sterculia foetida L. -

63. Ulmaceae Haloptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Kanjo

64. Verbenaceae Tectona grandis L. Sag

1. Shrubs Apocynaceae Thevetia peruviana Merr. Pidi Karen

2. Nerium indicum L. Karen

3. Asclepiadaceae Calotropis procera Br. Akdo

4. Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forsk.)Decne

Khip

5. Bignoniaceae Tecoma stans (L.) H.B.& K. Peilafol

6. Capparaceae Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew Kerdo

7. Cadaba fruticosa (L.) Druce Batkani

8. Capparis sepiaria L. Kanthar

9. Capparis spinosa L. Kantharo

10. Caesalpiniaceae Cassia auriculata L. Aval

11. Convolvulaceae Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. Ex Choisy Nasarmo

12. Caesalpinia crista L.

13. Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia nivulia Buch. – Ham. Thor

14. Jatropha curcas L. Ratanjot

15. Jatropha gossypifolia L. Paerdesi divalo

16. Kirganelia reticulata (Poir.) Baill. Kamboi

17. Ricinus communis L. Divalo

18. Malvaceae Abutilon indicum Sweet. Khapat

19. Gossypium herbaceum L.Var.acerifolium (Guill. & Perr.)

Kapas

20. Papilionaceae Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Tuver

21. Sesbania sesban (L.) Merr. Shevari

22. Mimosaceae Prosopis juliflora DC. Gando bavad

23. Acacia torta L

24. Rhamnaceae Zizyphus glabrata Heyne ex Ro Bor

25. Zizyphus nummularia Wt. et Arn. Chani

bor

26. Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk. Bor

27. Verbenaceae Lawsonia inermis L. Mendhi



Sr. No.

Life Form


Name 28. Clerodendrum inerme Goertn. Kadvi mendhi

29. Clerodendrum multiflorum (Burm.f.) O.Ktze

Arni

30. Lantana camera L. Gadhati

3.7.3 CULTIVATED PLANTS IN THE STUDY AREA

The agricultural practices are the main activity of the villagers in the study area. The

study area is one of the important paddy and wheat growing areas of Ahmedabad

district. The plants of economic importance occurring in the study area are grouped

under the following different categories.

Major Crops:

Major crop in the study area is Rice (Oryza sativa L.) which is cultivated after the

monsoon. During the winter months a second crop of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and

Castor (Ricinus communis) are practiced in this area.

Minor crops :

Minor crops practiced in this region were, Medicago sativa (Rajko or Lachko), Tuwar

(Cajanus indica), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), Tomato

(Lycopersicon lycopersicum), Mustard (Brassica juncea L.), Chilly (Capsicum annum),

Moong (Vigna angularis), Jowar (Sorghum bicolor ), Bajri (Pennisetum typhoides ), and

Zea mays (maize).

Pulses:

The pulses cultivated in this area were Tuwar (Cajanus indica) ,Moong (Vignaangularis),

rhar (Cajanus cajan), Urd (Vigna radiata )

Vegetables :

The vegetables grown in the study area were, Bhindi (Abelmoschusesculentus),

Cabbage (Brassica oleraceae), Dhania (Coriandrum sativum),Kakdi (Cucumis sativa),

Mircha (Capsicum ananum), Pudina (Menthaarvensis), Bengan (Solanum melongena.),

and Tamator (Lycopersiconlycopersicum)

3.7.4 RARE AND ENDANGERED FLORA IN THE STUDY AREA

No rare and endangered flora was observed during the study period.

3.7.5 FAUNAL BIODIVERSITY OF THE STUDY AREA



For the documentation of the faunal biodiversity of the study area a survey had been

conducted within study area, within 10 km radius from plant site. This report is based on

a short duration study. The following lists do not include many other species which might

occur in this part of Ahmedabad, either as resident or as migrant.

TABLE NO. 3.10

Systematic List of Birds In The Study Area With Its Distribution And

Migratory Status

Old Common name New Common Name Scientific Name Dist.

I ORDER: ANSERIFORMES

Family: Anatidae (Ducks and teals)

Mallard Mallard Anas platyrhynchos W

Shoveller Northern Shoveller Anas clypeata W

ORDER: APODIFORMES

Family: Apodidae (swifts )

Common Swift Apus apus r

House swift Little Swift Apus affinis R

II ORDER: CICONIFORMES

Family: Accipitridae (vulture, Sparrow hawk, Eagle, Harrier, Kite and Vulture)

Shikra Shikra Accipiter badius R

Sparrow-hawk Eurasian Sparrow-hawk Accipiter nisus R

Common Pariakh Kite Black Kite Milvus migrans R

Family: Anhingidae

Darter or Snake Birds Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster R

Family: Ardeidae (heron, Egret, Bittern)

Night Heron Black-crowned Night- Heron

Nycticorax nycticorax R

Pond Heron Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii R

Great White-bellied Heron

White-bellied Heron Ardea insignis r

Cattle Egret Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis R

Large Egret Great Egret Casmerodius albus Ardea alba

Rw

Median or Smaller Egret Intermediate Egret Mesophoyx intermedia Egretta intermedia

R

Little Egret Little Egret Egretta garzetta R

Indian Reef Heron Western Reef-Egret Egretta gularis R

Family: Charadriidae (Plover, Stilt, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Avocet )

Black-winged Stilt Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus R

Avocet Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta rW

Red-wattled Lapwing Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus R




Yellow-wattled Lapwing Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus R

Family: Ciconiidae (Open bill, stork, Adjutant)

Open bill stork Asian Open bill Anastomus oscitans R

Painted Stork Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala R

White necked Stork Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus R

White stork White Stork Ciconia ciconia W

Family: Falconidae (Falcon, Flconet and Hobby)

Laggar Falcon

Laggar Falcon Falco jugger F.biarmicus jugger

R

Family: Phalacrocoracidae ( Cormorant)

Large Cormorant Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo RW

Indian Shag Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis R

Little Cormorant Little Cormorant Phalacrocorax niger R

Family: Podicipedidae (Grebe)

Little Grebe Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis R

Family: Pteroclidae (Sandgrouse)

Indian Sandgrouse Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse

Pterocles exustus R

Family: Scolopacidae

Bar-tailed Godwit Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica W

Curlew Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata W

Ruff Ruff Philomachus pugnax W

Family: Threskiornithidae (Spoonbill and Ibis)

Black Ibis Red-napped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa R

White Ibis Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus R

III ORDER: COLUMBIFORMES

Family: Columbidae (Pigeon, Dove)

Blue Rock Pigeon Rock Pigeon Columba livia R

Common Green Pigeon Yellow-footed Green- Pigeon

Treron phoenicoptera R

Ring Dove Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto R

Rufous Turtle Dove Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientalis RW

IV : ORDER: CORACIIFORMES

Family: Alcedinidae (King fisher)

Small Blue King Fisher Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis R

Blue-eared Kingfisher Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting R

Family: Dacelonidae (King fishers)

White breasted Kingfisher

White-throated Kingfisher

Halcyon smyrnensis R

Brown Headed StorkbilledKingfisher

Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis R

Family: Coraciidae (Roller)




Blue Jay or Roller Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis R

Family: Meropidae (Bee Eater)

Chestnut-headed Beeeater

Chestnut-headed Bee-eater

Merops leschenaulti R

Small Green bee-eater Little Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis R

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus Merops superciliosus

R

Blue-tailed Bee-eater Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus R

V. ORDER: CUCULIFORMES

Family: Centropodidae (Cocucal)

Crow-Pheasant or Coucal

Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis R

Family: Cuculidae (cuckoo, Koel)

Koel Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea R

Indian Drongo Cuckoo Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris R

Cuckoo Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus R

Indian Cuckoo Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus R

VI. ORDER: GALLIFORMES

Family: Phasianidae (Peafowl , Patridge, Quail, francolin, spurfowl, junglefowl, Monal, ) Grey Partridge Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus R

Common Quail Common Quail Coturnix coturnix R

VII. ORDER: GRUIFORMES

Family: Gruidae (Crane)

Sarus Crane Sarus Crane Grus antigone R

Family: Rallidae ( Waterhen, coot, crake water cock, Moorhen, Rail,)

White-breasted Waterhen

White-breasted Waterhen

Amaurornis phoenicurus R

Coot Common Coot Fulica atra RW

Indian Moorhen Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus R

VII. ORDER: PASSERIFORMES

Family: Paridae (Tit )

Grey Tit Great Tit Parus major R

Family: Corvidae

Large Cuckoo-shrike Large Cuckoo-shrike Coracina macei Coracina novaehollandiae

R

Raven Common Raven Corvus corax R

House Crow House Crow Corvus splendens R

Tree Pie Rufous Tree pie Dendrocitta vagabunda R

Black drongo- King Crow

Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Dicrurus adsimilis

R

Golden-Oriole Eurasian Golden-Oriole Oriolus oriolus R




White-browed Fantail White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola R

Common Woodshrike Common Wood shrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus R

Family: Laniidae (shrike)

Rufousbacked Shrike Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach R

Grey Shrike Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor R

Family: Muscicapidae ( Short wing, Chat, Robin, Shama

Shama White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus R

Magpie-Robin Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis R

Indian Robin Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata R

Pied Bushchat Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata R

Family: Nectariniidae ( Sun Birds, Flowerpecker, Spider hunter )

Purple Sunbird Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica R

Maroonbreasted Suinbird

Long-billed Sunbird Nectarinia lotenia R

Small Sunbird Crimson-backed Sunbird

Nectarinia minima R

Family: Passeridae ( Avadavat, Pipit, wagtail, Munia, Snowfinch, sparrow, weaver ,Accentor) House Sparrow House Sparrow Passer domesticus R

Red Munia Red Avadavat Amandava amandava Estrilda amandava

R

Forest Wagtail Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus Motacilla indica

rW

Blackthroated Weaver Bird

Black-breasted Weaver Ploceus benghalensis R

Streaked Weaver Streaked Weaver Ploceus manyar R

Family: Pycnonotidae (Bulbul, finchbil)

Black-headed Bulbul Black-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus atriceps R

Red-vented Bulbul Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer R

Family: Sturnidae (Myna, Starling)

Bank Myna Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus R

Indian Myna Common Myna Acridotheres tristis R

Brahminy Myna Brahminy Starling Sturnus pagodarum R

Rosy pastor Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus WM

Starling Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris WM

Family: Sylviidae ( Warbler, Browning, Fulvetta, Babbler, Laughing thrash, Tailor birds) Paddyfield Warbler Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola R

Yellow-eyed Babbler Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense R

Common Babbler Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus R




Jungle Babbler Jungle Babbler Turdoides striatus R

Tailorbird Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius R

IX. ORDER: PSITTACIFORMES

Family: Psittacidae (Parrot and Parakeet)

Rose-ringed Parakeet Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri R

Himalayan Slatyheaded Parakeet

Slaty-headed Parakeet Psittacula himalayana R

X. ORDER: UPUPIFORMES

Family: Upupidae

Hoopoe Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops RW

3.7.6 Mammals :

The wild mammals observed other than domesticated ones from the study area is documented in the table below.

TABLE NO. 3.11

Mammals from the Study Area

Sr. No.

Common Name Scientific Name

1. Three striped Palm squirrel Funambulus palmarum ( Linnaeus) 2. Indian field mouse Mus booduga (Gray)

3. House rat Rattus rattus (Linnaeus)

4. Black napped hare Lepus nigricollis nigricollis (F. Cuvier)

5. Indian flying fox Pteropus giganteus 6. Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus (Pallas)

3.8 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

The assessment of socio economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. This

section includes the present status of the socio-economic environment in the study area. To

determine the baseline socio-economic pattern, at and around the project site, the required

data have been obtained from Published data i.e. District Census Handbook of District

Ahmedabad; issued by the State Government covering Taluka Daskroi and Sanand. Socio-

economic base line data were collected for the following three major indicators:

1. Demographic Structure (District Census Handbook, 2001)

2. Economic Structure (District Census Handbook CD, 2001)

3. Availability of Basic Amenities (District Census Handbook, 2001)



The major demographic and economic structure classification of the remaining study area is

placed into Population, Literacy Rate and workers details.

3.8.1 Objectives

The broad objectives of the socio-economic impact assessment are as follows:

1. To study the socio-economic status of the people living in the study area of the

proposed drug manufacturing unit.

2. To assess the impact on socio-economic environment due to proposed drug

manufacturing unit.

3. To evaluate the community development measures proposed to be taken up by the

Project Proponent, if any.

4. To suggest Community Development measures that needs to be taken for the study

area.

3.8.2 Methodology

The methodology adopted for impact assessment is as follows:

1. The details of the activities and population structure have been obtained from

Census 2001 and analyzed.

2. On the basis of a preliminary reconnaissance survey, A questionnaire was developed

to make it suitable to fulfill the objectives of the study.

3. Primary data was collected by a door-to-door survey in sample villages and

households living therein. The data collected during the above survey was analyzed

to evaluate the prevailing socio-economic profile of the area.

4. Based on the above data, impacts due to Synthetic resin manufacturing unit on the

community have been assessed and recommendations for further improvement have

been made.

3.8.3 Concept & Definition

a) Study Area: The study area, also known as impact area has been defined as the sum

total of core area/project area and buffer area with a radius of 10 Kilometers from the

periphery of the core area/project is. The study area includes all the land marks both

natural and manmade, falling herein.

b) GIS: The Geographic Information System (GIS) is tool that involves hardware,

software, trained manpower for geo-spatial analysis of data..



c) Household: A group of persons who normally live together and take their meals from a

common kitchen are called a household. Persons living in a household may be related or

unrelated or a mix of both. However, if a group of related or unrelated persons live in a

house but do not take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not part of a

common household. Each such person is treated as a separate household. There may

be one member households, two member households or multi-member households.

d) Sex ratio: Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. It is expressed as

'number of females per 1000 males'.

e) Literates: All persons aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with

understanding in any language are taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to

have received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for

being treated as literate. People who are blind but can read in Braille are also treated as

literates.

f) Literacy rate: Literacy rate of population is defined as the percentage of literates to the

total population aged 7 years and above.

g) Labour Force: The labour force is the number of people employed and unemployed in

a geographical entity. The size of the labour force is the sum total of persons employed

and unemployed. An unemployed person is defined as a person not employed but

actively seeking work. Normally, the labour force of a country consists of everyone of

working age (around 14 to 16) and below retirement (around 65) that are participating

workers, that is people actively employed or seeking employment. People not counted

under labour force are students, retired persons, stay-at home parents, people in prisons

and discouraged workers.

h) Work: Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or

without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or mental

in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective supervision and

direction of work. The work may be part time or full time or unpaid work in a farm, family

enterprise or in any other economic activity.

i) Worker: All persons engaged in 'work' are defined as workers. Persons who are

engaged in cultivation or milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also

treated as workers.

j) Main Workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference

period (i.e. 6 months or more) are termed as Main Workers.



k) Marginal Workers: Those workers who did not work for the major part of the reference

period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as Marginal Workers

l) Work participation rate: The work participation rate is the ratio between the labour force

and the overall size of their cohort (national population of the same age range). In the

present study the work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers

(main and marginal) to total population.

3.8.4Description of the Study Area:

Nirav Chemical Industries proposes to manufacture Synthetic Resin within their existing

industrial unit located at Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway,

Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. In the administrative map, it is

clearly indicated that, the Roads in the study area is well connected with villages and

districts. Also, within 1.0 km from the site area there is a connecting railway line. It shows

that, the study area has well-developed infrastructure facilities. These villages, districts are

well connected with each other. It clearly shows that all villages will be benefitted by the

upcoming industry in terms of employment, and other social benefits proposed by the

proponent as part of CSR activities.

3.8.5Socio Economic Status of the People in the Study Area

In the below given thematic map the socio-economic status of the people in the study area is

given. The map indicates that, the study area is suffixed with electricity board. This shows

that the infrastructure of the study area is well developed. The pictures in the thematic map

indicate the living conditions of the village.

3.8.6Population of the study area

The study area constitutes of Three Taluka of Ahmedabad district, these are 1) Sanand 2)

Dholka 3) Daskroi and 4) Ahmadabad city. A wide variation in the study area has been

observed by the surveyors. There are total 10 villages from all the study area have

population of < 2000 individuals, 6 villages have 2000-3000 individual, 8 villages have

population of 3000-4000 individuals and 6 villages have more than 4000 individuals.

Ahmadabad city have total population is around 1,80,000 individuals.

The district has a predominantly Hindu population. About 84.19 percent persons are Hindus.

11.03% Muslims, Jain 3.57% and the Christian are 0.86%. Among other 0.12% are Sikhs,

0.03% Buddhists and 0.12% other religions and persuasions.



3.8.7Illiterates and SC & ST Population of the Study Area

The Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population in the study area is not much. Schedule

caste people are higher in number than Schedule Tribe population in all most of the villages.

The maximum number of schedule caste and Schedule Tribe population found in

Ahmedabad city and Mandanpua village and Bhat village.

The Figures given in Table 3.12 indicate the illiteracy levels of the study area. Illiteracy rate

in the study area is lower. 10 villages have illiterates less than 1000, 15 villages have an

illiteracy between 1000-2000, in 4 villages have between 2000-4000 individuals are illiterate.

In Ahmedabad urban area more than 40,000 individuals are illiterates.

3.8.8Literacy Rate in the Study Area

In study area the literacy is fair. In the study area, In Ahmedabad city the literacy rate is

much higher. Around 75% individuals are literate in Ahmedabad city. In 8 villages have

2000-5000 individuals are literates, 9 villages have 1500-2000 individuals are literates, 11

villages have 500-1500 individuals are literates and only one village have around 200

individuals are literates. Literacy rate in percentage is shown in the below Figure.3.5.



Table - 3.12: Demographic Profile of the Study area

Sr. No.

Villages Taluka House-

hold

Population Literates Literacy Rate %

SCPopulation

STPopulation

Area (ha)

Area (sq

km.)

Population density

per sq km. Male Female Total Male Female Total

1 Shela

Sanand

726 1948 1816 3764 1179 585 1764 46.87 343 45 857.20 8.57 439.10

2 Telav 592 1481 1449 2930 997 563 1560 53.24 45 0 691.00 6.91 424.02

3 Jivanpura (Sanathal)

949 2519 2397 4916 1796 1165 2961 60.23 112 0 1,575.70 15.76 311.99

4 Vasna

Chacharavadi 485 1177 1061 2238 871 568 1439 64.30 727 27 1,138.50 11.39 196.57

5 Matoda 341 969 887 1856 595 236 831 44.77 68 5 562.00 5.62 330.25

6 Sari 318 876 856 1732 629 340 969 55.95 239 26 685.00 6.85 252.85

7 Tajpur 1169 601 568 1169 420 243 663 56.72 83 0 552.40 5.52 211.62

8 Modasar 941 2561 2247 4808 1794 1016 2810 58.44 427 0 1,937.70 19.38 248.13

9 Palwada 296 847 821 1668 591 311 902 54.08 193 0 509.30 5.09 327.51

10 Nani Devti 381 1058 929 1987 731 422 1153 58.03 657 0 385.10 3.85 515.97

11 Moti Devti 425 1185 1131 2316 760 484 1244 53.71 165 0 763.30 7.63 303.42

12 Moraiya 768 1977 1717 3694 1320 796 2116 57.28 651 60 1,296.90 12.97 284.83

13 Changodar 679 1700 1544 3244 996 519 1515 46.70 341 17 704.50 7.05 460.47

14 Soyla 317 913 880 1793 573 203 776 43.28 120 1 550.40 5.50 325.76

15 Kolat 654 1748 1608 3356 1002 547 1549 46.16 271 0 1,009.30 10.09 332.51

16 Navapura 587 1556 1449 3005 1056 636 1692 56.31 227 0 451.70 4.52 665.26

17 Kanety 336 930 829 1759 637 484 1121 63.73 185 0 556.00 5.56 316.37

18

Ganasharpura (Pipan)

584 1602 1475 3077 1042 614 1656 53.82 324 0 957.00 9.57 321.53

19 Badrabad 78 241 224 465 147 55 202 43.44 0 0 194.40 1.94 239.20



Sr. No.

Villages Taluka House-

hold

Population Literates Literacy Rate %

SCPopulation

STPopulation

Area (ha)

Area (sq

km.)

Population density

per sq km. Male Female Total Male Female Total

20 Vanzar Navu

Daskroi

644 1564 1432 2996 1104 711 1815 60.58 337 101 537.70 5.38 557.19

21 Bakrol Navu 467 1260 1101 2361 971 735 1706 72.26 259 0 710.00 7.10 332.54

22 Kamod 407 1071 981 2052 733 496 1229 59.89 264 65 557.70 5.58 367.94

23 Ode 344 993 872 1865 689 421 1110 59.52 360 6 675.80 6.76 275.97

24 Visalpur 775 2025 1797 3822 1492 925 2417 63.24 343 101 1,751.80 17.52 218.18

25 Miroli 624 1606 1406 3012 980 560 1540 51.13 693 120 1,107.40 11.07 271.99

26 Kasindra

(Mota Chhapara)

1444 3611 3357 6968 2328 1313 3641 52.25 650 8 2,030.70 20.31 343.13

27 Bhat 987 2638 2473 5111 1694 1057 2751 53.83 1093 4 1,579.70 15.80 323.54

28 Mandanpura (Badrakha)

Dholka 1699 4828 4170 8998 3372 2078 5450 60.57 1754 17 1,075.00 10.75 837.02

29 Kavitha (Sorada)

849 2201 1923 4124 1570 872 2442 59.21 610 0 1,582.00 15.82 260.68

30 Ahmedabad Urban Area

City

36462 94967 82633 177600 76150 58409 134559 75.77 5339 767 30,414.00 304.14 583.94

Total 55328 142653 126033 268686 108219 77364 185583 69.07 16880 1370 57399 574 10879



Graph 3.4(A): Details of Population Density

0.00

100.00

200.00

300.00

400.00

500.00

600.00

700.00

800.00

900.00

Shela

Telav

Jivan

pura

(San

atha

l)

Vasna

Cha

char

avad

iM

atod

a

Sari

Tajpur

Mod

asar

Palwad

aNan

i Dev

tiM

oti D

evti

Mor

aiya

Chang

odar

Soyla

Kolat

Navap

ura

Kanet

y

Ganas

harp

ura

(Pipa

n)Bad

raba

dVan

zar N

avu

Bakro

l Nav

uKam

od OdeVisa

lpur

Miro

li

Kasind

ra (M

ota

Chhap

ara)

Bhat

Man

danp

ura

(Bad

rakh

a)

Kavith

a (S

orad

a)

Ahmed

abad

City

Name of Village

Popu

latio

n De

nsity

per

Sq.

Km

.

Fig 3.5 Population density of the study area



3.8.9 Economic Structure Economic aspects of the study area include the economical structure of the people of the

surrounding area. The geographical location, natural resources, business and employment,

industries and manpower play vital role in the economic development of any region. The

population can be divided into two groups in terms of employment Workers and Non-workers.

Workers are further categorized into Main workers and Marginal workers. Distribution of main

workers, marginal workers and non-workers of total population is presented in Table - 3.13 and %

distribution of each category is shown in Fig: - 3.6.

Table – 3.13

Distributions of Workers in the Study Area

Sr. No.

Village Taluka PopulationMain

Workers Marginal Workers

Non Workers Employment Ratio (%)

Total % Total % Total %

1 Shela

Sanand

3764 1204 31.99 3 0.08 2442 64.88 35.12

2 Telav 2930 800 27.30 1 0.03 1771 60.44 39.56

3 Jivanpura (Sanathal)

4916 1519 30.90 24 0.49 3105 63.16 36.84

4 Vasna

Chacharavadi 2238 275 12.29 5 0.22 1272 56.84 43.16

5 Matoda 1856 598 32.22 0 0.00 989 53.29 46.71

6 Sari 1732 755 43.59 0 0.00 662 38.22 61.78

7 Tajpur 1169 391 33.45 1 0.09 664 56.80 43.20

8 Modasar 4808 1580 32.86 5 0.10 2353 48.94 51.06

9 Palwada 1668 1023 61.33 0 0.00 632 37.89 62.11

10 Nani Devti 1987 986 49.62 1 0.05 927 46.65 53.35

11 Moti Devti 2316 747 32.25 2 0.09 1262 54.49 45.51

12 Moraiya 3694 1103 29.86 35 0.95 2289 61.97 38.03

13 Changodar 3244 1481 45.65 2 0.06 1511 46.58 53.42

14 Soyla 1793 87 4.85 1 0.06 917 51.14 48.86

15 Kolat 3356 123 3.67 6 0.18 2112 62.93 37.07

16 Navapura 3005 1034 34.41 20 0.67 1524 50.72 49.28

17 Kanety 1759 23 1.31 0 0.00 1080 61.40 38.60

18 Ganasharpura

(Pipan) 3077 906 29.44 324 10.53 1656 53.82 46.18

19 Badrabad

Daskroi

465 206 44.30 0 0.00 227 48.82 51.18

20 Vanzar Navu

2996 1063 35.48 1 0.03 1922 64.15 35.85

21 Bakrol Navu 2361 1152 48.79 0 0.00 1117 47.31 52.69

22 Kamod 2052 627 30.56 2 0.10 1347 65.64 34.36



23 Ode 1865 685 36.73 1 0.05 1085 58.18 41.82

24 Visalpur 3822 1222 31.97 13 0.34 2291 59.94 40.06

25 Miroli 3012 790 26.23 2 0.07 1480 49.14 50.86

26 Kasindra

(Mota Chhapara)

6968 2655 38.10 3 0.04 4093 58.74 41.26

27 Bhat 5111 1740 34.04 6 0.12 3246 63.51 36.49

28 Mandanpura (Badrakha)

Dholka 8998 2235 24.84 65 0.72 4671 51.91 48.09

29 Kavitha (Sorada)

4124 1956 47.43 1 0.02 1893 45.90 54.10

30 Ahmedabad Urban Area

Urban area

177600 53986 30.40 2569 1.45 121045 68.16 31.84

Total 268686 82952 965.87 3093 16.54 171585 1651.55 1348.45

Fig.: 3.6 Employment ratio of the study area



3.8.9Basic Amenities in the study area:

The basic amenities available in study area with reference to education, medical, water resources,

post and telegraph, communication, power supply is given in Table – 3.14. All villages of the study

area have primary school and college. The brief summary of medical facilities available in study

area is given as under.

Chief Welfare Center 09

Primary Health Sub-Center 16

Public Health Center 29

Health Center 05

Community Health Worker / Health Worker 11

Hospital 28

Maternity & Child Welfare Centre 29

Family Welfare Center 09

Registered Private Medical Practitioner 13

In the study area drinking water facility is good as well water, tube well water and hand pump is

available almost in all the villages. Post office facility and telephone connection is available in all

villages. In the study all the villages are well connected through a network of Pucca road. Bus and

railway station is the main mode of transportation in all villages of the study area. The electricity is

available in all the villages of study area.



Table – 3.14 Details of Basic Amenities Available In the Study Area

Taluka Name of Village

Education Medical Drinking WaterPost &

Telegraph Communication

Approach to village

Nearest Town and Distance

(in kms)

Power supply

Newspaper/ Magazine

Sanand

Shela P,C PHS,H,

MCW,PHC T,TW,W PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Sanand-9 ED,EAG N,M

Telav P,S,C CWC,PHS,FWC,

H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-5 EA N

Jivanpura (Sanathal)

P,C MCW,MH,CWC,HC,

PHC,PHS,FWC,TB,RMP,H T,TW, W,TK

PO,TO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FPAhmedabad-

10 EA -

Vasna Chacharavadi

P,C,MCW,PHC PHS,H,C T,TW,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Bavla-10 EA,Wheat N

Matoda P,C CWC,H,MCW,PHC T,HP,

TW,W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Bavla-07 EA -

Sari P,C H,MCW,PHC T,TW,

W,TK,C PO,PH BS, RS PR Bavla-02 EA N

Tajpur P,C H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-15 EA -

Modasar P,S,C H,D,CWC,HC,PHC,

PHS,FWC,RMP,CHW,MCWT,TW,W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-10 EA -

Palwada P,C CWC,PHS,H, MCW,PHC

T,HP, TW,W,TK

PO,PH BS, RS PR,FP Sanand-15 EA -

Nani Devti P,C CWC,HC,PHS,RMP,

H,MCW,PHC T,TW, W,TK

PO,PH BS, RS PR,FP Sanand-08 EA -

Moti Devti P,C H,MCW,PHC T,HP,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-05 ED,EAG -

Moraiya P,S,C PHS,FWC,H,MCW,PHC T,HP PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-06 EA N,M

Changodar P,S,C CWC,PHS,FWC,

RMP,H,MCW,PHC T,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-08 EA -

Soyla P,C PHS,FWC,RMP,

CHW,H,MCW,PHC T,TW, W,TK

PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-06 EA -

Kolat P,AC,C CHW,H,MCW,PHC T,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR Sarkhej-06 EA -

Navapura P,C H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR Sarkhej-10 EA -

Kanety P,C H,MCW,PHC T,HP,TW,

W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Sanand-2 EA N,M

Ganasharpura (Pipan)

P,C CWC,H,MCW,PHC T,HP,TW,

W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-5 ED,EAG -

Sanand (Rural) P,C H,MCW,PHC T,TW,W,TK PO,PH BS, RS PR Sanand-4 EA N,M



Taluka Name of Village

Education Medical Drinking WaterPost &

Telegraph Communication

Approach to village

Nearest Town and Distance

(in kms)

Power supply

Newspaper/ Magazine

Daskroi

Badrabad P,C RMP,CHW,H,

MCW,PHC T,TW PO,PH BS, RS PR

Ahmedabad-17

EA N,M

Vanzar Navu P,C RMP,CHW,H,

MCW,PHC T,TW,TK,O PO,PH BS, RS PR

Ahmedabad-10

EA N,M

Bakrol Navu P,C RMP,CHW,H,

MCW,PHC T,TW,W, TK,R,C

PO,PH BS, RS PR Ahmedabad-

20 EA N

Kamod P,C RMP,CHW,H,

MCW,PHC T,TW, W,R,O

PO,PH BS, RS PR Ahmedabad-

13 EA N,M

Ode P,C PHS,RMP,CHW,

H,MCW,PHC T,TW,W,

TK,O PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP

Ahmedabad-15

EA N

Visalpur P,S,PUC,C CWC,PHS,CHW,

H,MCW,PHC T,TW,O PO,PH BS, RS PR

Ahmedabad-17

EA N,M

Miroli P,S,C PHS,FWC,RMP,

CHW,H,MCW,PHC T,TW,TK,R,O PO,PH BS, RS PR,FP

Ahmedabad-25

EA N,M

Kasindra (Mota Chhapara)

P,S,C HC,PHC,PHS,FWC, RMP,CHW,H,MCW

T,TW,W, TK,R,C,O

PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR Ahmedabad-

22 EA N,M

Bhat P,S,C PHS,RMP,CHW,

H,MCW,PHC T,TW,W,

TK,O PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Dholka-16 EA N,M

Dholka

Mandanpura (Badrakha)

P,S,C H,D,PHS,FWC,RMP,

CHW,MCW,PHC T,HP,W PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR Dholka-10 EA N

Kavitha (Sorada)

P,S,C RMP,H,MCW,PHC T PO,PH BS, RS PR,MR,FP Dholka-13 EA N,M



List of Abbreviations Education Medical

P Primary or Elementary school

CWC Chief Welfare Center

C College PHS Primary Health Sub-Center

S Secondary School PHC Public Health Center

Post & Telegraph HC Health Center

PO Post Office CHW Community Health Worker / Health Worker

PH Telephone connection H Hospital

MCW Maternity & Child Welfare Centre

Drinking Water FWC Family Welfare Center

T Tap Water News Paper, Magazine

W Well Water N Newspaper

TK Tank Water M Magazine

TW Tube well Water Communication

HP Hand Pump BS Bus

Approach to Village RS Railway Station

PR Pucca Road Power Supply

MR Mud Road EA Electricity for all purpose

FP Foot Path ED Electricity for Domestic purpose EAG Electricity for Agriculture

SECTION IV

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS & ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT MEASURES

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IV/ Anticipated Environmental Impacts &

Environment Management


SECTION – IV

INDEX

S. No. PARTICULARS Page No.

4.0 GENERAL 109

4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT 109

4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT 110-120

4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT 120-124

4.4 SOLID WASTE 125

4.5 NOISE POLLUTION 126

4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 127-128

**********




ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & ENVIRONMENT

MANAGEMENT MEASURES

4.0 GENERAL

Various operations involved in existing unit as well in proposed manufacturing process have

been studied to identify, predict and evaluate impacts on various environmental components

as discussed below. This will help to avoid, minimize and mitigate the pollution, which will be

generated from the proposed expansion.

1. Land Environment

2. Water Environment

3. Air Environment

4. Noise Environment

5. Solid Waste

6. Biological

4.1 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Impact and Management:-

This is the expansion project. The expansion will be carried out within the same existing

premises and the open land area available within existing premises will be utilized for

establishing the proposed plant and thus there will not be any significant topographical

change. The construction activity will be carried out for process plant, utility, storage area,

etc. for proposed expansion which will help in fixation of soil but some construction activities

will disturb the soil profile of that particular small area within the premises but the same will

temporary and have insignificant impact.

Following are the measures to minimize the impacts on land environment:-

About 20% of the total plot area will be developed as green belt.

There will not be any generation and hence disposal of industrial effluent due to

proposed expansion activity.

Hazardous waste will be stored on impervious surface with leachate collection system

before send it to TSDF site. Thus, there will not be any possibility of land contamination.

Traffic load will be slightly increased but approach roads are sufficient to support the

extra traffic load. However, proponent will co-operate with Govt. time to time in

strengthening of approach roads.




4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Prediction of air pollution impacts is the most important component in the environmental

impact assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to

predict impacts of developmental activities on physico, ecological and socioeconomic

environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre project) status of

environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post project) scenario of environmental

conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to identify the environmental management plan

required to be executed during and after commissioning the proposed expansion project to

minimize the adverse impacts on environmental quality. Both gaseous organic and inorganic

compounds, as well as particulates, may be emitted during manufacturing activities. The

details of the emission during construction phase and operation phase is given below.

4.2.1 Impact on Air Environment

A. During Construction Phase

Construction activities have the potential to generate a substantial amount of air pollution.

Construction activities that contribute to air pollution include: land clearing, operation of

diesel engines, burning, and working with toxic materials. Diesel is also responsible for

emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. Noxious

vapors from oils, glues, thinners paints, treated woods, plastics, cleaners and other

hazardous chemicals that are widely used on construction sites, also contribute to air

pollution. The dust generation during construction will be suppressed through intensive water

spraying. The proper maintenance of equipment and transport vehicles will reduce

generation of gases.

During construction phase fugitive dust emission sources will be as under:

I. Construction Operation:

Fugitive dust emission is the main pollution, generated from the construction activities.

Construction site generate high levels of dust (typically from concrete, cement, wood, stone,

silica). Construction dust is classified as PM10 - particulate matter less than 10 microns in

diameter, invisible to the naked eye. However, the impact on the air quality during

construction phase will be localized, temporary and reversible in nature Particulate dust

emissions from the construction are a function of total land disturbed and the volume of soil

excavated. The ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 is assumed to be 0.20.

The emissions factors is estimated approximately 0.019 tons PM10/acre-month for

initial emissions estimate. The construction will be undertaken for about 708 sqm and

it will take about 4months for completion. Thus, emission will be 0.032 kg PM10 per

day only.




II. Particulate Emission from Transportation:

When a vehicle travel on the road, particulate emissions occur due to direct emissions from

vehicles in the form of exhaust. The level of the emission depends upon the condition of the

road (paved/unpaved) and condition of vehicles. PM dust emissions from road construction

activities are a function of acres disturbed during construction. As most of the vehicle used in

plant are trucks and heavy vehicle which are diesel vehicles. Diesel engines breathe only air,

blow by gases from the crankcase (consisting primarily of air and HC) are rather low. Due to

its low volatility, evaporative emissions from the fuel tank can also be ignored. The low

concentration of CO and un-burnt Hydro Carbons in the diesel exhaust are compensated by

high concentration of NOx.

B. During Operation Phase

I. Process Emissions (Fugitive Emission):-

Process emissions are resulted from the manufacture of proposed products. The major are

VOC emissions from reactor vents, man ways, material loading and unloading, acid

gases/fumes.

II. Point Source Emission

There will be following point source emissions from the existing unit and proposed expansion

Thermic Fluid Heater (1 to 3) Steam Boiler D. G. set 1 & 2

Particulate matter, SO2 and NOx will be the major pollutants generated from the above units

as listed below.

S.

No.

Source Duty Status Fuel Used Pollutant Chimney Height

Existing Proposed

1. Thermic Fluid Heater - 1 (3.0 Lac Kcal/Hr.)

Working Stand by Agro Waste / White Coal /

Imported Coal

Existing – 3.2 MT/Day

Proposed – 5.8 MT/Day

Total After Expansion - 9.0

MT/Day

PM < 150 mg/Nm3 SO2 <

100 ppm NOx < 50

ppm

22 (Common)


N.A. Working


N.A. Working

4. Steam Boiler (0.6 TPH)

N.A. Working

5. D.G. Set-1 (50 KVA) Stand by Stand by Diesel

100 Liters/Day

9

6. D.G. Set-2 (125 KVA) Stand by Stand by 9




The unit proposes use Agro Waste and/or White Coal and/or Imported Coal for the Thermic

Fluid Heaters and Steam Boiler and Diesel for the DG Set, the characteristics of the fuel are

as listed below,

Fuel Ash Content Sulphur content

Agro Waste < 10.0% < 0.1%

White Coal < 10.0% < 0.1%

Imported Coal < 15.0% < 1.0%

Diesel < 1.0% < 0.5%

III. Area Source (Fugitive Emission):-

a) Emission during the Transportation

This is the expansion project and looking to the products and raw materials quantity,

there will not be any considerable effect occurred due to minor transportation

activities. However, Particulate emissions occur whenever vehicles travel over a

paved or unpaved road. Particulate emissions from the paved roads are due to direct

emissions from vehicles in the form of exhaust, brake wear and tear emissions and

re- suspension of loose material on the road surface. The quantity of dust emissions

from a given segment of unpaved road varies linearly with the volume of traffic. Dust

emissions also depend on the source parameters that characterize the condition of a

particular road and the associated vehicle traffic. PM dust emissions from road

construction activities are a function of acres disturbed during construction.

b) Exhaust gas from the vehicles

During the transportation of the materials, exhaust gas also contributes in the air

pollution. The amount of the exhaust gas and the level of the air pollutants are

depend upon the condition of the vehicles. When a vehicle travel on the road,

particulate emissions occur due to direct emissions from vehicles in the form of

exhaust. The level of the emission depends upon the condition of the road

(paved/unpaved) and condition of vehicles.

4.2.2 Impact on Air Quality

The impact on air quality is assessed based on emissions of the proposed oil fired boilers in

the plant. SO2 and NOx will be the important pollutants emitting from the stacks.

Prediction of impacts on air environment has been carried out employing mathematical model

based on a steady state Gaussian plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources

for short term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex [ISC3] dispersion model based




on steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term

and developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] has been used for

simulations from point sources.

Model Input Data

For the modeling purpose, all pollutants as described above are considered. The details of

stack emissions envisaged from the project are given in Table-4.1.

Table 4.1:

Stack Emission Details

Presentation of Results

In the present case, model simulations have been carried out for the study period. The Ground

level concentrations are computed for 24-hrs average. Maximum Ground level

concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NOx for study period were 1.443 g/m3, 3.761g/m3, and

0.661g/m3 respectively and were falling at 500m from the point source. The incremental

ground level concentrations for various pollutants are given in Table 4.2.

Table 4.2:

Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations

Pollutant Maximum Incremental Concentration (g/m3)

Distance (m)

Towards Direction

PM10 1.443 500 SW

SO2 3.761 500 SW

NOx 0.661 500 SW

Resultant Concentrations after Implementation of the Project

The maximum incremental GLCs due to the proposed project for PM10, NOx and SO2 are

superimposed on the maximum baseline concentrations recorded during the study period. The

S. No.

Parameters Units Thermopac Boiler- 2 & 3 and Steam Boiler

DG set

1 Stack Height m 22 9 2 Top diameter of flue m 0.30 0.10 3 Flue gas velocity m/sec 8.0 8.0 4 Exit Flue gas temperature oK 423 473 5 Flue gas flow rate m3/sec 0.565 0.063

6 Emission rate at stack exit

A Particulate Matter (PM10) g/sec 0.0398 0.0040 B SO2 g/sec 0.1041 0.0103 C NOx g/sec 0.0150 0.0030




cumulative concentrations (baseline + incremental) after implementation of the project are

tabulated below in Table 4.3. The predicted ground level concentration isopleths for various

parameters during study period is given in Figure 4.1 to 4.3.

Table 4.3:

Details of incremental concentration of pollutants on sensitive locations like

habitations

Pollutant Concentration (g/m3)

Baseline Incremental Resultant Distance

(km) Direction

PM10 Project Site 84.6 0.000 84.600 -- --Vishalpur 72.9 0.023 72.923 3.95 ESE / 118°Changodar Industrial Area

91.2 0.540 91.740 0.95 SW / 230°

Tajpur 86.3 0.004 86.304 2.88 S / 190° Changodar 82.3 0.110 82.410 0.80 W / 280° Navapura 64.2 0.000 64.200 2.17 NNW / 340°SO2 Project Site 27.8 0.000 27.800 -- --Vishalpur 20.4 0.059 20.459 3.95 ESE / 118° Changodar Industrial Area

31.5 1.405 32.905 0.95 SW / 230°

Tajpur 29.2 0.009 29.209 2.88 S / 190° Changodar 24.3 0.286 24.586 0.80 W / 280° Navapura 18.9 0.000 18.900 2.17 NNW / 340°NOx Project Site 21.2 0.000 21.200 -- --Vishalpur 21.9 0.009 21.909 3.95 ESE / 118° Changodar Industrial Area

21.9 0.265 22.165 0.95 SW / 230°

Tajpur 27.8 0.001 27.801 2.88 S / 190° Changodar 31.9 0.047 31.947 0.80 W / 280° Navapura 19.8 0.000 19.800 2.17 NNW / 340°

The predictions indicate that the resultant of SO2 and NOx concentrations are likely to be well

within the prescribed limits for Industrial, residential and rural zone. Thus, the air quality due to

the proposed activity doesn’t really change the existing scenario as observed from the modeling

results.




Fig. 4.1

Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental Ground Level Concentrations of PM10

(Post Monsoon)




Fig. 4.2

Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental Ground Level Concentrations of SO2

(Post Monsoon)




Fig. 4.3

Isopleths Showing Maximum Incremental Ground Level Concentrations of NOx

(Post Monsoon)




4.2.3 MANAGEMENT

I. During Construction Phase

The impacts of the construction phase will be temporary and localized phenomena except

the permanent change in local landscape and land use pattern at the project site.

• Dust pollution can be minimized at the source by water spraying and maintenance of

road.

• Construction material will be stored in temporary storage yard.

• There will be no basement; hence quantity of the soil excavation will be comparatively

less. However, soil will be kept moist to reduce dust emission during excavation for

piling.

• The excavated materials will be place only on the designated disposal areas.

• The heights, from which materials will be dropped, will be the minimum practical

height to limit fugitive dust generation.

• The construction area will be shielded with the help of tarpaulin from all the four sides

to contain the air emissions within the premises.

• Dust or dusty material will not be swept without effectively treating it with water or other

substances in order to minimize its dust emission.

• Suitable covered skips and enclosed chats or other suitable measures will be provided

in order to minimize dust emission to the atmosphere when materials & waste will be

removed from the premises.

• Rapid cleanup of project related track out or material spills on paved road.

• Natural topography will be maintained to the greatest extent possible.

• Parking lot and paved road will be constructed first.

• Upwind portion of the project will be constructed first.

• During high wind condition, construction activities will be restricted, so that minimum

flow of dust particle takes place.

• The first and most important step towards emission control for the large in-use fleet of

vehicles is the formulation of an inspection and maintenance system. It is possible to

reduce 30-40% pollution loads generated by vehicles through proper periodical

inspections and maintenance of vehicles

• All transportation vehicles will be suitably covered with tarpaulin & overloading of the

vehicles will be avoided.

• PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust emission.




II. During Operation Phase

To control the fugitive emissions generated during various operations in the industry,

plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.

• The entire manufacturing activities will be carried out in the closed system.

• Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors for improving emission control

measures.

• All reactors will be provided by vapor condensers.

• All solvent storage tanks will be provided with vent condensers having chilled water or

brine circulation.

• Dedicated pipe lines for transfer of solvents from respective solvent storage tanks to

reactors in the production blocks.

• All the electrical motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame

proof and all pumps provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand by arrangement.

To control the flue gas emissions generated during various operations in the industry,

plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.

• Agro Waste/ White Coal/ Imported Coal will be used as fuel in the Thermic Fluid

Heaters. The have provided Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and will provide

individual cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 & 3 and Multi

Cyclone Separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control the

emission of particulate matter

• In case of failure of any air pollution control equipments, the process activities will be

stopped.

• Regular post project air monitoring schedule will be planned and record will be

maintained to track any problem in Air Pollution Control Equipment.

To control the point source emissions generated during various operations in

the industry, plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.

The unit will install stack of appropriate height at the point sources:- D. G. Set (stand-by):

One D.G. set of capacity 125 KVA will be installed as stand-by. The adequate stack

height will be provided as per the norms of the CPCB.

Stack Height required = height of the building/shed + (0.2X√kVA)

= 3 + (0.2X√125) = 5.23 m Say 5.2 m




As per the calculation, height of the stack will be 5.2 m. The stack height of 9 m will be

provided, which is more than required and adequate to disperse the pollutants

effectively, so that the pollutants would not be deposited on the land and water bodies.

Thermic Fluid Boiler: For two TFH of 6 Lac kilo calories/hour individual cyclone

separator followed by common Bag Filter with a stack of 22 m height will be installed

Steam Boiler: Multi Cyclone Separator with a common stack of 22 m height will be

installed

4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

4.3.1 Impact

I. During Construction Phase:-

Sewage will be the only source of water pollution.

Un-captured run off from the site.

II. During Operation Phase:-

A. Waste water from industrial process

There will not be any waste water generation from the industrial process of the existing unit

as well as after the proposed expansion. At present Only 0.5 KLD waste water is

generated from the Cooling blow down, which is reused on land for gardening/plantation

purpose within premises. After the proposed expansion the waste water generation form

the Cooling blow down and steam boiler will increase up to 1.1KLD which is also reused

on land for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. The details are shown below:

Sr. No.

Category

Water Consumption, KLD*

Waste Water Generation, KLD*

E P T E P T

1. Domestic 5.0 1.5 6.5 4.0 1.2 5.2

2. Gardening -- 1.0 1.0 Nil Nil Nil

3. Industrial

a. Process 1.0 Nil 1.0 Nil Nil Nil

b. Cooling (make up) 5.0 5.0 10.0 0.5 0.5 1.0

c. Steam Boiler 0.0 1.0 1.0 Nil 0.1 0.1

Total Industrial

Consumption/Generation6.0 6.0 12.0 0.5 0.6 1.1

Grand Total

Consumption/ Discharge 11.0 8.5 19.5 4.5 1.8 6.3

*E:Existing, P: Proposed, T: Total after Expansion

B. Domestic waste water from the different sections of building




Waste water will be generated from the domestic activities of working staff. The Domestic

effluent @ 5.2 KLD due to proposed expansion, is discharged in to soak pit through septic

tank.

4.3.2 Management

I. During construction Phase

• This is the expansion project and proposed expansion will be carried out within the

same premises so construction workers will be used the existing sanitary facilities.

• Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into ground where

it could contaminate groundwater;

• Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages

• Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of hydrological features by

diesel, grease, oil, etc. derived from the working area.

• The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good operating condition;

• Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle maintenance;

• Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly.

• Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all concrete structures will be

covered with gunny bags this will conserves water.

• Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles stick to the access track to

prevent mud & dirt being deposited on roads

• Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments whilst allowing the water to

flow through.

• All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction activities will be cleaned.

Adopting good construction and engineering practices will help in mitigating the water

pollution.

I. During Operation Phase

Industrial waste water- There will not be any waste water generation from the industrial

process and hence there will be no need of any control measures.

Domestic waste water

Domestic waste water to the tune of 5.2 KLD, total after the proposed expansion will be

treated in the septic tank followed by soak pit. The septic tank is designed as per the IS

2470:1985 code. The septic tank acts as sedimentation-cum-digestion tank. Anaerobic

digestion of the settled sludge occurs in its bottom zone and the supernatant liquid have to

undergo treatment in a soak pit. The capacity of the septic tank is such as to take care of the

variations, in the flow. The septic tank is constructed in 2 compartments to facilitate cleaning

of one while the other is in use. The chamber is so designed that the sludge generated is




gradually slope down in sludge chamber, where over a period of time is manually cleaned.

The sludge generated on cleaning is used as manure for plantation.

Fig: 4.4

Schematic diagram of septic tank followed by soak pit

4.3.3 Rain water harvesting scheme

Rain water harvesting system will be provided for the building roof drainage and the site

drainage. The rain water will be collected by gravity through catch basin, rain water manhole

and PVC pipe and finally discharge to the Rain water Harvesting Pit. Overflow of rainwater

harvesting pit shall be discharged to nearby natural storm water drain/surface rain water

sump. The total discharge from the area is calculated by considering the average annual

rainfall of 700 mm and the drainage network will be designed considering the maximum

rainfall intensity of 40 mm/hr.

The rain water harvesting systems will capture surface run-off from all areas and provide

annual recharge will be to tune of 983 m3. It will help to improve the ground water level.

DESIGN BASIS FOR RAIN WATER CALCULATION

RUN – OFF [DISCHARGE]

Q = CIA

where

Q = run-off (discharge) in cubic meters per hour (m3/hour).

C = Co-efficient /Impermeability factor of the surface.

I = Intensity of rainfall = Taking 40 mm/hour

A = Total area in Hectare.




Table: 4.6 Co-efficient of Runoff/Impermeability Factor [C] :

S.No.

Description of Surface

Value of run off coefficient / Impermeability factor of the surface

1. Terraces, Hard paved surface 0.85 – 0.90

2. Paved Surface, Roads 0.75 – 0.80

3. Natural ground, sloping ground 0.10 – 0.30

Conversion Factor

1 Hectare = 10,000 Sq.mt

1 Sq.mt = 1/10,000 Hectare

Table: 4.7 RUN OFF (DISCHARGE) CALCULATION

VOLUME OF RAIN WATER DRAINAGE

Total Rain Water Flow = 62.4 m3/hr

The dimension of the structures to be designed for 40 mm/hour peak rainfall intensity,

Considering 15 minutes of peak rainfall, runoff volume in a single storm should be 62.4 m3 x

0.25 = 15.61 m3.

Volume = 15.61 m3

Volume of One No. Rain Water Harvesting Pit = Length x width x depth Length of Pit = 3.5 m Width of Pit = 2.5 m Depth of Pit = 2.0 m Volume of 1 No. Rain Water Harvesting Pit = 3.5 m x 2.5 m x 2.0 m = 17.5 m3

No. of Rain Water Harvesting Pit Total No. of rain water Total Volume Harvesting pit required = --------------------------------------------------------------- Volume of One Rain Water Harvesting Pit

S. No

Type of Structure/Surface

Catchment Area [A]

Run off Coefficient

[C]

Intensity of rainfall(m/hour)

Discharge (Run off)

[Q= CIA] m3/hr

Total (m3/hr) Discharge [Q]Sq. m Hectare

[1] Building (Roof Top Area)

a) Area 1521.0 0.152 0.85 0.04 0.1521x0.85x0.04 45.6

[2] Road/Paved Surface area

a) Area 452.0 0.045 0.75 0.04 0.0452x0.75x0.04 10.8

b) Green Belt 497.0 0.050 0.30 0.04 0.0497x0.3 x0.04 6.0

Total 2470.0 0.247 62.4 m3/hr.




= 15.61/17.5 = 0.89 Say = 1 No. of rainwater harvesting structures

Providing 1 No. Rain Water harvesting pit of size 3.5 m length x 2.5 m width x 2.0 m depth

with PVC slotted pipe up to minimum depth 35 m.

Table: 4.8

Calculation for Total Annual Recharge through Rainwater Harvesting Structure

Total annual recharge to ground water regime of the area through rainwater harvesting

structure would be 983 m3/annum

Fig: 4.5

S. No

Type of Structure/Surface

Catchment Area [A] Run off

Coefficient[C]

Annual Rainfall (m/year)

Discharge (Run off) [Q= CIA]

m3/annum

Total (m3/annum)Discharge

[Q] Sq. m Hectare

[1] Building (Roof Top Area)

a) Area 1521.0 0.152 0.85 0.7 0.1521x0.85x0.7 719

[2] Road/Paved Surface area

a) Area 452.0 0.045 0.75 0.7 0.0452x0.75x0.7 171

b) Green Belt 497.0 0.050 0.30 0.7 0.0497x0.3 x0.7 94

Total 2470.0 0.247 983




4.4 SOLID WASTE

4.4.1 Impact


• Construction waste likely to be generated during the site formation works include waste

wood from concrete form work; spent concrete; waste steel rebars from concrete

reinforcement activities; and material and equipment wrappings.;

• Municipal wastes generated by site workers.


The main source of hazardous waste generation is discarded bags/ containers from storage

and handling of raw materials and spent/used oil generation from plant machinery. The

ancillary source of hazardous waste generation from existing as well as proposed

manufacturing activity is process waste. The unit has provided designated area of 20.2 sqm

for the hazardous waste storage within premises having impervious floor and roof cover

system which will be expanded to 30.2 sq m after proposed expansion. The unit will become

the member of any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site of the final disposal of hazardous

waste. The anticipated quantities of some major solid hazardous waste are given below in

table.

Table: 4.9 The anticipated quantities of solid waste are as follows

Waste Source

Type of waste



Physical-Chemical

Form

Method of Disposal

E P T


23.1 3

MT 2

MT 5

MT Solid

organic

Collection, Storage


Raw Material

Storage & Handling


33.3 200 kg

800 Kg

1 MT

Solid-Inorganic



Used / Spent Oil

5.1 0.5 KL

0.5 KL

1.0 KL

Liquid- Organic

Collection, storage and used as

lubricant within the premises / sell to MoEF approved






4.4.2 Management

The Organic mass distilled out will be recovered and reused

Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected, decontaminated and reuse within the

plant as far as possible.

The hazardous waste generated from the process will be collected in HDPE bags and

will be sent to CHWIF/TSDF.

4.5 NOISE POLLUTION

4.5.1 Impact


Major sources of noise pollution are vehicular traffic, heavy moving machinery etc.


Major sources of noise pollution will be

Operational machineries

Pumps

D.G. set

Transportation etc.

4.5.2 Management


Complete construction work especially heavy work will be done during day time.

Vehicular movement carrying raw materials will be avoided during night time.

The vehicles will be regularly maintained and optimum use of the same will be made.

Adequate PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet, mask etc) will be provided to the

workers.

PUC certified vehicles will be used.

II. During operation phase

All possible measures will be taken to minimize the noise.

The insulation provided for prevention and loss of heat and personnel safety shall also

act as noise reducer.

Foundations and structures will be designed to minimize vibrations and noise.

Regular equipment maintenance and better work habits will be adopted.

Existing as well as Proposed D.G. set will be stand-by and used only in case of non-

availability of electricity. However, D.G. set is proposed to be housed in an inbuilt

acoustic enclosure. The acoustic enclosure will be designed for minimum 25dB (A)

insertion loss for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side.




Necessary safety and personal protective equipment such as ear plugs, ear muffs,

helmet etc will be provided to the workers.

Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with the Factories Act & Rules and

will not exceed 75 dB (A) at 1 m distance.

Implementation of green belt within the premises of plant will absorb the noise. Thus will

help to control the noise pollution.

Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually done to avoid excessive noise

generation.

Supervisor will be responsible to control the noise by maintaining conditions of

machineries and silencers.

About 20% of the total plot area will be under greenbelt.

4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

4.6.1 Direct Impacts

Impact I- Loss Vegetation, Biodiversity and Habitat

This is the expansion project and proposed expansion will be carried out within the same

premises on open land area available so there will not be any removal or loss of the existing

flora of the site.

In contrary, green belt development during operational phase will improve vegetation cover

as well as the avifaunal diversity around the project area.

Impact II- Habitat Fragmentation

Proposed expansion will be carried out within the premises on the open land area and also

not forms a part of any unique habitat, so there is no threat of habitat fragmentation.

Impact III- Loss of Aquatic Ecosystem and Associated Biodiversity

No perennial rivers, streams and lakes exist in the core zone. Similarly, due to zero liquid

discharge technology of the project, impacts like loss of aquatic habitats, disturbance to the

natural flow and associated aquatic biota has not been envisaged in buffer zone also.

Impact IV- Impact to Faunal Movement

All the faunal species reported from the core zone are very common and well adapted to the

urban environment so no faunal species will be disturbed or affected significantly. Moreover,

strategic location of project site is outside the forest area and no connecting corridor found

through the present project area, so there is no possibility to change the normal movement

behavior of the existing faunal species.




4.6.2 Indirect Impacts

There may be indirect impact on biodiversity of the core and buffer zone due to various

project developmental activities like construction, vehicle movement etc. However, all the

indirect impact will be temporary and negligible. Surrounding areas and common species

present in the direct vicinity of the study area may be slightly affected by indirect impacts

resulting from construction and operation activities. But, considering the type of

development, the extent of this impact is expected to be relatively small and temporary.

However it can be compensated by habitat improvement through the green belt development

around the project site.

**********

SECTION V

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY

AND SITE)

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section –V Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)


SECTION – V

INDEX

S.No. Particulars Page No.

5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TECHNOLOGY AND SITE 130

***********

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section –V Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site)


ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY AND SITE)

The technology finalized for the proposed project is all latest and economically best

technology, thus no alternative for the technology was considered.

This is an existing industrial unit, adequate land is available with the unit and the proposed

project will be set up within the same premises, hence there was no need to analyze the

alternative site.

************

SECTION VI

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VI Environmental Monitoring Programme


SECTION – VI

INDEX

************

S.No. Particulars Page. No.

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.0 INTRODUCTION 132

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE 132

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL 133

6.3 MONITORING METHODS 136

6.4 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA 137

6.5 INFRASTRUCTURE FOR MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION MEASURES

137



ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

6.0 INTRODUCTION

Regular monitoring of environmental parameters is of immense importance to assess the

status of environment during project operation. With the knowledge of baseline conditions,

the monitoring programme will serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental

conditions due to operation of the project, to enable taking up suitable mitigatory steps in

time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution

since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring.

Usually, as in the case of the study, an impact assessment study is carried over short period

of time and the data cannot bring out all variations induced by the natural or human

activities. Therefore, regular monitoring programme of the environmental parameters is

essential to take into account the changes in the environmental quality.

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURE

Monitoring will confirm that commitments are being met. This may take the form of direct

measurement and recording of quantitative information, such as amounts and

concentrations of discharges, emissions and wastes, for measurement against corporate or

statutory standards, consent limits or targets. It may also require measurement of ambient

environmental quality in the vicinity of a site using ecological/biological, physical and

chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-economic interaction, through local liaison

activities or even assessment of complaints.

The preventive approach to management may also require monitoring of process inputs, for

example, type and method used, resource consumption, equipment and pollution control

performance etc.

The key aims of monitoring are, first, to ensure that results/conditions are as forecast during

the planning stage, and where they are not, to pinpoint the cause and implement action to

remedy the situation. A second objective is to verify the evaluations made during the

planning process, in particular with risk and impact assessments and standard & target

setting and to measure operational and process efficiency. Monitoring will also be required to

meet compliance with statutory and corporate requirements. Finally, monitoring results

provide the basis for auditing.

6.1.1 Objectives of Monitoring

The objectives of monitoring are to:

Verify effectiveness of planning decisions;

Measure effectiveness of operational procedures;

Conform statutory and corporate compliance; and

Identify unexpected changes.



6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CELL

A centralized environmental monitoring cell will be established for monitoring of important

and crucial environmental parameters which are of immense importance to assess the

status of environment during operation of plant. With the knowledge of baseline conditions,

the monitoring program can serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environmental

conditions due to operation of the plant, and helps in planning suitable mitigatory steps that

could be taken in time to safeguard the environment. Monitoring is as important as that of

control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by

monitoring. The following routine monitoring program will be implemented under the post-

project monitoring as per CPCB guidelines.

Environmental monitoring schedules are prepared covering various phases of project

advancement, such as constructional phase and regular operational phase.

6.2.1 Monitoring Schedule during Constructional Phase

The proposed project envisages setting up of various types and grades of Synthetic

Organic Resins manufacturing unit within the existing industrial premises. The construction

or preoperational activities require mobilisation of construction material and equipment.

During construction phase the main source will be fugitive emission from transportation of

construction material and etc. As such monitoring is not required during construction phase.

6.2.2 Monitoring Schedule during Operational Phase

During operational stage, Volatile organic compounds may be emitted during the

manufacturing process as well as due to storage & handling of Raw materials and product

from fugitive sources. Along with the above the Thermic Fluid Heaters and D.G. sets are

also a potential source of emission. The attributes which merit regular monitoring based on

the environmental setting and nature of project activities are listed below:

Source emissions and ambient air quality

Groundwater Levels and ground water quality

Wastewater quality (effluent & sewage quality etc)

Soil quality

Noise levels (equipment and machinery noise levels, occupational exposures and

ambient noise levels); and

Ecological preservation and afforestation.

The following routine monitoring programme as detailed in as under will be implemented at

site. Besides to this monitoring, the compliances to all environmental clearance conditions

and regular permits from SPCB/MoEF will be monitored and reported periodically.



ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE

S. No.

Potential Impact

Action to be Followed

Parameters for Monitoring

Frequency of Monitoring

Location

1 AAQ & Gaseous Emissions

Ambient air quality within the premises

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, Total VOC and Benzene

As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier

At least one location inside premises

Flue Gas emission PM, SO2, NOx As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier

Thermic Fluid Heater 1, 2 &

3, Steam Boiler and

D.G. Set 1 & 2

Workspace Monitoring

Total VOC and Benzene


Process Area, Storage Area

Exhaust from vehicles to be minimized by use of fuel efficient vehicles and well maintained vehicles having PUC certificate.

Vehicle logs to be maintained

- -

Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible

Vehicle logs Daily records Main gate

2 Noise Noise Level Monitoring

Spot Noise Level recording; Leq(night), Leq(day), Leq(dn)

Periodic during operation phase

Various plant operations and worker area in the plant

Generation of vehicular noise

Maintain records of vehicles


-

3 Wastewater Discharge

No discharge to be made to surface water, groundwater or soil.

Complete evaporation of the treated wastewater


-

Take care in handling &disposal of wastewater generated such that soil and groundwater resources are protected

No seepage/ leakage during the process


-

Compliance of sewage disposal in to soak pit through septic tank

No seepage/ leakage/ overflow during the handling


-



S. No.

Potential Impact




Location

4 Drainage and effluent Management

Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. Design to incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same.

Visual inspection of drainage and records thereof


-

5 Water Quality and Water Levels

Monitoring used water quality & groundwater quality and levels

Comprehensive monitoring as per IS 10500 Ground water level BGL


Water supplied by Estate through their bore well near project site

6 Energy Usage Energy usage for air-conditioning and other activities to be minimized Conduct annual energy audit for the buildings

Energy audit report

Annual audits and periodic checks during operational phase

-

8 Emergency preparedness, such as fire fighting

Fire protection and safety measures to take care of fire and explosion hazards, to be assessed and steps taken for their prevention.

Mock drill records, on site emergency plan, evacuation plan


9 Maintenance of flora and fauna

Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development

No. of plants, species


-

10 Waste Management

Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies the procedures for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising.

Records of solid waste generation, treatment and disposal


11 Soil quality Maintenance of good soil quality

Physico-chemical parameters and metals.

Periodical monitoring

Plantation areas

12 Health Employees and migrant labour health check ups

All relevant parameters including HIV

Regular check ups

-



6.3 MONITORING METHODS

6.3.1 Air Quality Monitoring

I. Workspace Monitoring

The concentration of air borne pollutants in the workspace/work zone environment will be

monitored periodically. If concentrations higher than threshold limit values are observed, the

source of fugitive emissions will be identified and necessary measures taken. If the levels

are high, suitable measures as detailed in EMP will be initiated.

II. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

The ground level concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, Total VOC and Benzene will be

monitored at regular intervals. Any abnormal rise will be investigated to identify the causes

and appropriate action will be initiated. The ambient air quality data should be transferred

and processed in a centralised computer facility equipped with required software. Trend and

statistical analysis should be done.

6.3.2 Water and Wastewater Monitoring

I. Monitoring of Groundwater

The monitoring of groundwater is the most important tool to test the efficiency of plant

performance. It is suggested to collect water samples and analyse. Records of analysis will

be maintained.

Methods prescribed by “Bureau of Indian Standard” and "Standard Methods for Examination

of Water and Wastewater" prepared & published jointly by American Public Health

Association (APHA), American Water Works Association (AWWA) are recommended.

II. Water Audit

To ensure a strict control over the water consumption, flow meters will be installed for all

major inlets. All leakages and excess will be identified and rectified. In addition, periodic

water audits will be conducted to explore further possibilities for water conservation.

III. Monitoring of Wastewater Streams

All the wastewater streams in the project area will be regularly monitored for flow and

generation. These data for the generation of wastewater and evaporation will be properly

documented and compared against the design values for any necessary corrective action.

6.3.3 Noise Levels

Noise levels will be monitored in the plant area. The frequency will be once in a three

months in the work zone. Similarly, ambient noise levels near habitations will also be

monitored once in three months. Audiometric tests should be conducted periodically for the

employees working close to the high noise sources especially D. G. set operations in this

case.




6.4 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA

It is proposed that voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to the

EMP should be undertaken.

The environmental monitoring cell will co-ordinate all monitoring programmes at site and

data thus generated will be regularly furnished to the State & central regulatory agencies.

The frequency of reporting will be on six monthly basis to the local state PCB officials and to

Regional office of MoEF. The Environmental Audit reports will be prepared for the entire year

of operations and will be regularly submitted to regulatory authorities.

6.5 EXECUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

Environmental Monitoring as stated above will be carried out by appointing any appropriate

agency approved by SPCB/NABL/MoEF.

**********

SECTION VII

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VII Additional Studies


SECTION-VII

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

INDEX


7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 139

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 139

7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 140

7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION 141-155

7.4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS 155-158

7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 158-167

7.6 OFF- SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 168-174

7.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY 174-179

7.8 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 179-182

***********



ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.0 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

With reference to the TOR issued by MoE&F vide letter no. J-11011/85/2011-IA II (I) dated

03-05-2011 (Annexure-III), it is mandatory to conduct the public hearing/consultation and

address the issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same in

EIA/EMP Report as the project is located outside the Notified industrial Area and listed at

S.N. 5(f) category A.

With this a draft EIA/EMP Report is being submitted to the Gujarat Pollution Control Board,

Gandhinagar to conduct the Public Hearing for this project and detailed report on the public

hearing/consultation in the form of tabular chart will be submitted along with the final

EIA/EMP Report.

7.1 RISK ASSESSMENT

7.1.1 Introduction

Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe

conditions) that exist in the proposed plant. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the

recognition and computation of risks, the equipment in the plant and personnel are prone to,

due to accidents resulting from the hazards present in the plant.

Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard analysis. It involves the identification and assessment

of risks the neighboring populations are exposed to as a result of hazards present. This

requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of

population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently, the risk

analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies.

In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks in the proposed plant,

maximum credible accident analysis, consequence analysis are addressed which gives a broad

identification of risks involved in the plant. The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) has been

presented based on the risk estimation for storage of Methanol/Hexane and Toluene only which

are proposed to be installed.

7.1.2 Approach to the Study

Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accidents consisting of an event

or sequence of events. The risk assessment study covers the following:

Identification of potential hazard areas;

Identification of representative failure cases;

Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire (thermal radiation) and explosion;



Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact

zones from the accidental scenarios;

Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation

point of view;

Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities;

and

Preparation of broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP), On-site and Off-site Emergency

Plan, which includes Occupational and Health Safety Plan.

7.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Identification of hazards in the proposed plant is of primary significance in the analysis,

quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving chemicals and process. A

classical definition of hazard states that hazard is in fact the characteristic of

system/plant/process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a

system/plant/process need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or

propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. The

following two methods for hazard identification have been employed in the study:

Identification of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of

Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 of Government of India (GOI Rules, 1989); and

Identification of hazardous units and segments of plants and storage units based on relative

ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI).

7.2.1 Classification of Major Hazardous Units

Hazardous substances may be classified into three main classes namely flammable

substances, unstable substances and toxic substances. The ratings for a large number of

chemicals based on flammability, reactivity and toxicity have been given in NFPA Codes 49 and

345 M. The major hazardous materials to be stored, transported, handled and utilized within

the facility have been summarized in the Table-7.1. The storage details and properties are

given in Table-7.2 and Table-7.3 respectively.

Table-7.1

Hazardous Materials Stored, Transported and Handled

Materials Hazardous Properties Xylene UN 1307. Dangerous Goods class 3 – Flammable Liquid Acetic Anhydride UN 1715. Dangerous Goods class 3 – Flammable Liquid Epoxy Resin UN 3082. Hazardous Goods class 9 – Non-flammable Liquid Bisphenol A UN 2430 Hazardous Goods class 3 – Flammable Caustic Soda UN 1823 Dangerous Goods class 6 – Non-flammable

Methacrylic Acid UN 2531 Hazardous Goods class 8- Flammable liquid Di Butyl Tin Oxide UN 3146 Dangerous Goods class 6.1- Non-flammable



Table-7.2

Category wise schedule of storage

Material Mode of Storage Maximum Storage

Capacity Classification Type Nos. in MT in KL

Xylene SS Tank 5 50 58 Non-dangerous Petroleum

Acetic Anhydride MS Drums 53 10 9.2 Non-dangerous Petroleum

Epoxy Resin HDPE Drums 100 20 17.2 Non-flammable Resin Bisphenol A HDPE Bags 200 5.0 4.2 Flammable powder Caustic Soda HDPE Bags 2 0.05 0.02 Non-flammable powder Methacrylic Acid MS Drum 10 2.0 1.96 Flammable acid Di Butyl Tin Oxide HDPE Bags 20 0.5 0.32 Non-flammable oxide

Table-7.3

Properties of Materials Used in the Plant

Chemical Codes/Label TLV BP MP FP UEL LEL°C %

Xylene Flammable 100 ppm 138.9 -47.9 27.2 1.1 7.0 Acetic Anhydride Flammable - 139.4 -37.5 49.4 10.3 2.9

Epoxy Resin Non-flammable NE > 204.4 50 -- -- -- Bisphenol A flammable Not listed 220 154-157 207

Caustic Soda Non-flammable 2 mg/m3 145 12.1 NA NA NA

Methacrylic Acid flammable 20 ppm 161 16 73 8.1 1.6

Di Butyl Tin Oxide Non-flammable -- Decomposes 22.7 NA NA NA

TLV : Threshold Limit Value FP : Flash Point BP : Final Boiling Point UEL : Upper Explosive Limit MP : Melting Point LEL : Lower Explosive Limit

7.3 HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION

7.3.1 Methodology

An assessment of the conceptual design is conducted for the purpose of identifying and

examining hazards related to feed stock materials, major process components, utility and

support systems, environmental factors, proposed operations, facilities, and safeguards.

7.3.2 Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA)

A preliminary hazard analysis is carried out initially to identify the major hazards associated with

storages and the processes of the plant. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify

these hazards. Finally, the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are

deduced and implemented. Preliminary hazard analysis for fuel storage area and whole plant is

given in Table-7.4 and Table-7.5.



Table-7.4

Preliminary Hazard Analysis for Storage Areas

Unit Capacity Hazard Identified Xylene 11.4 KL Fire/Explosion

Acetic Anhydride 0.19 KL Fire/Explosion

Table-7.5

Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant In General

PHA Category

Description of Plausible Hazard

Recommendation Provision

Environ-mental factors

If there is any leakage and eventuality of source of ignition.

-- All electrical fittings and cables are provided as per the specified standards. All motor starters are flame proof.

Environ-mental factors

Highly inflammable nature of the liquid Chemical may cause fire hazard in the storage facility.

A well designed fire protection including foam, dry powder, and CO2 extinguisher should be provided.

Fire extinguisher of small size and big size are provided at all potential fire hazard places. In addition to the above, fire hydrant network will be provided as per requirement.

7.3.3 Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE&TI) Approach

Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Indexing (FE & TI) is a rapid ranking method for identifying the

degree of hazard. The application of FE & TI would help to make a quick assessment of the

nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise

information.

The degree of hazard potential is identified based on the numerical value of F&EI as per the

criteria given below:

F&EI Range Degree of Hazard

0-60 Light

61-96 Moderate

97-127 Intermediate

128-158 Heavy

159-up Severe

By comparing the indices F&EI and TI, the unit in question is classified into one of the following

three categories established for the purpose (Table-7.6).



Table-7.6

Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index

Category Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) Toxicity Index (TI) I F&EI < 65 TI < 6 II 65 < or = F&EI < 95 6 < or = TI < 10 III F&EI > or = 95 TI > or = 10

Certain basic minimum preventive and protective measures are recommended for the three

hazard categories.

7.3.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA)

Hazardous substances may be released as a result of failures or catastrophes, causing

possible damage to the surrounding area. This section deals with the question of how the

consequences of the release of such substances and the damage to the surrounding area can

be determined by means of models. Major hazards posed by flammable storage can be

identified taking recourse to MCA analysis. MCA analysis encompasses certain techniques to

identify the hazards and calculate the consequent effects in terms of damage distances of heat

radiation, toxic releases, vapour cloud explosion, etc. A host of probable or potential accidents

of the major units in the complex arising due to use, storage and handling of the hazardous

materials are examined to establish their credibility. Depending upon the effective hazardous

attributes and their impact on the event, the maximum effect on the surrounding environment

and the respective damage caused can be assessed. The reason and purpose of

consequence analysis are many folds like:

Part of Risk Assessment;

Plant Layout/Code Requirements;

Protection of other plants;

Protection of the public;

Emergency Planning; and

Design Criteria.

The results of consequence analysis are useful for getting information about all known and

unknown effects that are of importance when some failure scenario occurs in the plant and also

to get information as how to deal with the possible catastrophic events. It also gives the

workers in the plant and people living in the vicinity of the area, an understanding of their

personal situation.



Selected Failure Cases

The purpose of this listing (refer Table 7.9) is to examine consequences of such failure

individually or in combination. It will be seen from the list that a vast range of failure cases have

been identified. The frequency of occurrence of failure also varies widely.

Damage Criteria

The chemical storage and unloading at the storage facility may lead to fire and explosion

hazards. The damage criteria due to an accidental release of any hydrocarbon arise from fire

and explosion. The vapors of these Chemical are not toxic and hence no effects of toxicity are

expected.

Tank fire would occur if the radiation intensity is high on the peripheral surface of the tank

leading to increase in internal tank pressure. Pool fire would occur when chemicals are

collected in the dyke due to leakage gets ignited.

Fire Damage

A flammable liquid in a pool will burn with a large turbulent diffusion flame. This releases heat

based on the heat of combustion and the burning rate of the liquid. A part of the heat is radiated

while the rest is convected away by rising hot air and combustion products. The radiations can

heat the contents of a nearby storage or process unit to above its ignition temperature and thus

result in a spread of fire.

The radiations can also cause severe burns or fatalities of workers or fire fighters located within

a certain distance. Hence, it will be important to know beforehand the damage potential of a

flammable liquid pool likely to be created due to leakage or catastrophic failure of a storage or

process vessel. This will help to decide the location of other storage/process vessels, decide

the type of protective clothing the workers/fire fighters’ need, the duration of time for which they

can be in the zone, the fire extinguishing measures needed and the protection methods needed

for the nearby storage/process vessels.

Table-7.7 tabulates the damage effect on equipment and people due to thermal radiation

intensity.



Table-7.7

Damage Due to Incident Radiation Intensities

Sr. No.

Incident Radiation (kW/m2)

Type of Damage Intensity Damage to Equipment Damage to People

1 37.5 Damage to process equipment 100% lethality in 1 min. 1% lethality in 10 sec.

2 25.0 Minimum energy required to ignite wood at indefinitely long exposure without a flame

50% Lethality in 1 min. Significant injury in 10 sec.

3 19.0 Maximum thermal radiation intensity allowed on thermally unprotected adjoining equipment

--

4 12.5 Minimum energy to ignite with a flame; melts plastic tubing

1% lethality in 1 min.

5 4.5 -- Causes pain if duration is longer than 20 sec, however blistering is un-likely (First degree burns)

6 1.6 -- Causes no discomfort on long exposures

Source: Techniques for Assessing Industrial Hazards by World Bank.

The effect of incident radiation intensity and exposure time on lethality is given in Table-7.8.

Table-7.8 Radiation Exposure and Lethality

Radiation

Intensity (kW/m2) Exposure Time

(seconds) Lethality (%) Degree of Burns

1.6 -- 0 No Discomfort even after long exposure

4.5 20 0 1 st 4.5 50 0 1 st 8.0 20 0 1 st 8.0 50 <1 3 rd 8.0 60 <1 3 rd 12.0 20 <1 2 nd 12.0 50 8 3 rd 12.5 Inst 10 -- 25.0 inst 50 -- 37.5 inst 100 --



7.3.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis

I. Chemical Storage

The details of storages in the proposed plant are given Table-7.2 above. In case of chemical

released in the area catching fire, a steady state fire will occur. Failures in pipeline may occur

due to corrosion and mechanical defect. Failure of pipeline due to external interference is not

considered as this area is licensed area and all the work within this area is closely supervised

with trained personnel.

II. Modeling Scenarios

Based on the storage and consumption of various chemicals the following failure scenarios for

the proposed plant have been identified for MCA analysis and the scenarios are discussed in

Table-7.9. The chemical properties considered in modeling are given in Table-7.10.

Table-7.9

Scenarios Considered For MCA Analysis

Scenario Incident Total

Quantity Scenarios considered

1-A Leakage of Xylene tank

11.4 KL

Evaporating puddle

1-B Failure of Xylene tank Pool fire

1-C Explosion of Xylene tank Fireball

2-A Leakage of Acetic anhydride tank

0.19 KL

Evaporating puddle

2-B Failure of Acetic anhydride tank Pool fire

2-C Explosion of Acetic anhydride tank Fireball

Table-7.10

Properties of Chemicals Considered For Modeling

Sr. No.

Fuel Molecular weight (kg/kg mol)

Boiling Point (C)

Density (kg/m3)

1 Xylene 106.17 138.9 861 2 Acetic anhydride 102.09 139.4 700

7.3.6 Model used for MCA Analysis

The Consequence Analysis has been done for selected scenarios by ALOHA (version

5.4.1.2) of EPA. A computer based version ALOHA 5.4.1.2 is used to calculate thermal, toxic

and explosive effect of the accidental release of liquid chemicals within the plant area.

ALOHA was jointly developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(NOAA) and the Environment Protection Agency (EPA).



7.3.7 Results and Discussion

The results of MCA analysis for all three scenarios considered for both the chemicals taken into

consideration as given below are discussed in detail.

Scenario 1-A: Evaporating puddle from Xylene Tank

The maximum capacity of storage of Xylene will be 11.4 KL. In case of leakage from a hole

in the storage tank, an evaporating puddle will be generated of the flammable liquid Xylene.

It is assumed that the flammable liquid escapes from the tank without burning. The model

run for calculating threat zone of evaporating puddle is a Gaussian model.

a). Source Strength:

In case of a circular opening of diameter 1 inch in the vertical storage tank at 0.15 meters from

the bottom of the tank, the maximum average sustained release rate is of 1.68 kilograms/min

and total amount released is 56.8 Kg forming an evaporating puddle of diameter 38m.

b). Toxic Threat Zone:

The threat zones for the evaporating puddle in case of leakage from Xylene storage tank are

defined as below.

Table-7.11

Toxic Threat Zone and Lethality

Threat Zone TEEL/ ERPG* Distance, m

Red : TEEL-3 : 2500 ppm 19

Orange: TEEL-2 : 920 ppm 18

Yellow: TEEL-1 : 130 ppm 18 *NOTE: TEEL: Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits.

ERPG: Emergency Response Planning Guidelines.

Threat zone of toxic radiation was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness make

dispersion predictions less reliable for short distances.

Scenario 1-B: Pool Fire from Xylene Tank


The maximum capacity of storage of Xylene will be 11.4 KL. The most credible failure is the

rupture of the largest pipe connecting to the storage tank. As the worst case, it is assumed

that the entire contents leak out into the dyke forming a pool, which may catch fire on finding

a source of ignition. The radiation intensities have been computed using software ALOHA

based pool fire model and the results are tabulated in Table 7.12 and Figure 7.1.



In case of Burning puddle or pool fire from the failure of Xylene tank. We consider that the

flammable liquid is burning as it escapes from the tank of Volume 12,646 liters which is 92%

full having a hole of diameter 1 inch forms a maximum flame length at 20 m, with max burn rate

of 1420 Kg/min forming a puddle spread to a diameter of 26 m.

b). Thermal Radiation Threat Zone:

Model output and the Threat zone for Thermal Radiation in case of pool fire scenario due to

failure of Xylene storage tank is presented in Figure 7.1.

Table – 7.12

Radiation Intensities from Pool Fire during Failure of Xylene Tank

Radiation Intensities (kW/m2) 37.5 25.0 19.0 12.5 4.5 1.6

Distances (m) 34 38 41 46 62 90

Figure – 7.1: Threat zone of thermal radiation – Xylene.

The results of MCA analysis are tabulated indicating the distances for various damages

identified by the damage criteria, as explained earlier. Calculations are done for radiation

intensities levels of 37.5, 25, 12.5, 4.5 and 1.6-kW/m2, which are presented in Table-7.12 for

different scenarios. The distances computed for various scenarios are from the center of the

pool fire.



We would like to mention that since the flash point of Xylene is not very high, it is unlikely

that the leakage of flammable liquid will cause a pool-fire. Even then we consider a worst

case scenario where complete liquid is burned forming a pool-fire. A perusal of the above

table clearly indicates that 37.5 kW/m2 (100% lethality) occurs within the radius of the pool

which is computed at 34 m tank on pool fire. This vulnerable zone will damage all fuel

storage equipment falling within the pool radius. Similarly, 25 KW/m2 (50% lethality) occurs

within the radius of the pool computed at 38m tank on pool fire. Similarly, the threshold limit

for first degree burns is 1.6 kW/m2, this vulnerable zone in which the thermal fluxes above the

threshold limit for first degree is restricted to 90 m in case tank on pool fire.

Scenario 1-C: Fireball from Catastrophic Explosion of Xylene Tank

The maximum capacity of storage of Xylene will be 11.4 KL. In case of explosion due

BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of flammable liquid Xylene from the

vertical storage tank forms a fire-ball of the flammable chemical. The thermal radiation

generated from the fireball has been calculated through the Thermal radiation model of

ALOHA.

a). Source Strength: In case of BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of

flammable liquid in vertical cylindrical tank of diameter 2.3 m, height 3m containing a 12,464

liters volume of flammable liquid Xylene. In worst-case scenario we consider 100% of tank

mass in fireball, which will lead to a fire-ball of 354 m diameter that will burn for duration of 20

seconds.

b). Threat Zone:

The radiation threat-zone due to catastrophic explosion from the proposed Xylene storage

tank is as depicted in below Figure 7.2.



Figure – 7.2: Threat zone of catastrophic explosion- Xylene.

Scenario 2-A: Evaporating puddle from Acetic anhydride Tank

Evaporating puddle released from a hole in Acetic anhydride Storage Tank

The maximum capacity of storage of Acetic anhydride will be 0.19 KL. In case of leakage

from a hole in the storage tank, an evaporating puddle will be generated of the flammable

liquid Acetic anhydride. It is assumed that the flammable liquid escapes from the tank

without burning. The model run for calculating threat zone of evaporating puddle is a

Gaussian model.

a). Source Strength: In case of a circular opening of diameter 1 inch in the vertical storage

tank at 0.1 meters from the bottom of the tank, the maximum average sustained release rate is

of 558 grams/min and total amount released is 32.1 Kg forming an evaporating puddle of

diameter 6.3 m.

b). Threat Zone:

The threat zones for the evaporating puddle in case of leakage from Acetic anhydride storage

tank are defined as given in below table-7.13 and presented in Figure 7.3.



Table-7.13

Toxic Threat Zone and Lethality

Threat Zone TEEL/ ERPG* Distance, m

Red : ERPG -3 :100 ppm 26*

Orange: ERPG -2 : 15 ppm 93

Yellow: ERPG -1 : 0.5 ppm 572

* Note: Threat zone was not drawn because effects of near-field patchiness make dispersion

predictions less reliable for short distances.

Figure – 7.3: Threat Zone of Toxic Condition- Acetic Anhydride

Scenario 2-B: Pool Fire from Acetic Anhydride Tank

The maximum volume of storage of Acetic anhydride will be 0.19 KL. The most credible

failure is the rupture of the largest pipe connecting to the storage tank. As the worst case, it

is assumed that the entire contents leak out into the dyke forming a pool, which may catch

fire on finding a source of ignition.

The radiation intensities have been computed using software ALOHA based pool fire model

and the results are tabulated in Table 7.14.




In case of Burning puddle or pool fire from the failure of Acetic anhydride tank. We consider that

the flammable liquid is burning as it escapes from the tank of Volume 190 liters which is 92%

full having a hole of diameter 10 cm forms a maximum flame length at 6 m and burn duration of

4 min, with max burn rate of 52.9 Kg/min forming a puddle spread to a diameter of 6.3 m.

b). Thermal Radiation Threat Zone:

Model output and the Threat zone for Thermal Radiation in case of pool fire scenario due to

failure of Xylene storage tank is presented in Figure 7.4.

Figure – 7.4: Threat zone of thermal radiation – Acetic anhydride.

The results of MCA analysis are tabulated indicating the distances for various damages

identified by the damage criteria, as explained earlier. Calculations are done for radiation

intensities levels of 37.5, 25, 12.5, 4.5 and 1.6-kW/m2, which are presented in Table-7.14 for

different scenarios. The distances computed for various scenarios are from the center of the

pool fire.



Table – 7.14

Radiation Intensities from Pool Fire during Failure of Acetic anhydride Tank

Radiation Intensities (kW/m2) 37.5 25.0 19.0 12.5 4.5 1.6

Distances (m) <10 <10 <10 <10 11 15

A perusal of the above table clearly indicates that 37.5 kW/m2 (100% lethality) occurs within

the radius of the pool which is computed at less than 10m tank on pool fire. Also 25 KW/m2

(50% lethality) occurs within 10m of tank on pool fire.

Similarly, the threshold limit for first degree burns is 1.6 kW/m2, this vulnerable zone in which

the thermal fluxes above the threshold limit for first degree is restricted to 15 m in case tank on

pool fire.

Scenario 2-C: Fireball from Catastrophic Explosion of Acetic anhydride Tank

Fireball formed due to catastrophic explosion of Acetic anhydride Storage tank

The maximum capacity of storage of Acetic anhydride will be 0.19 KL. In case of explosion

due BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of flammable liquid Acetic

anhydride from the vertical storage tank forms a fire-ball of the flammable chemical. The

thermal radiation generated from the fireball has been calculated through the Thermal

radiation model of ALOHA.

A). Source Strength: In case of BLEVE(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion) of

flammable liquid in vertical cylindrical tank of diameter 0.5m, length 0.97m containing a 190

liters volume of flammable liquid Acetic anhydride. In worst-case scenario we consider 100% of

tank mass in fireball. The fire-ball will be of Diameter 33 m and will burn up to duration of 3

seconds.

B). Threat Zone:

The radiation threat-zone due to catastrophic explosion from the proposed acetic anhydride

storage tank is as depicted in below given Figure 7.5.



Figure – 7.5: Threat zone of Catastrophic explosion- Acetic anhydride.

7.3.8 Hazardous Events with Greatest Contribution to Fatality Risk

The hazardous event scenarios likely to make the greatest contribution to the risk of

potential fatalities are summarized in Table-7.15. ‘Onsite facility’ refers to the operating site

at, whereas ‘offsite facility’ refers to transport and handling systems, which are away from

the operating site.

Table-7.15

Hazardous events contributing to on-site facility risk

Hazardous Event Risk Rank

Consequences of Interest

Onsite vehicle impact on personnel 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Entrapment/struck by machinery 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Fall from heights 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Electrocution 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only Storage tank rupture 3 Potential for single fatalities, onsite impact only



7.3.9 Risk Assessment Summary

The preliminary risk assessment has been completed for the proposed plant and associated

facilities and the broad conclusions are as follows:

There will be no significant community impacts or environmental damage consequences;

and

The hazardous event scenarios and risks in general at this facility can be adequately

managed to acceptable levels by performing the recommended safety studies as part of

detailed design, applying recommended control strategies and implementing a Safety

Management System.

7.3.10 Risk Reduction Opportunities

The following opportunities will be considered as a potential means of reducing identified

risks during the detailed design phase:

Buildings and plant structures designed for cyclone and seismic events (where

appropriate), to prevent structural collapse and integrity of weather (water) proofing for

storage of dangerous goods;

Provision for adequate water capacity to supply fire protection systems and critical

process water;

Isolate people from load carrying/mechanical handling systems, vehicle traffic and

storage and stacking locations;

Installation of fit-for-purpose access ways and fall protection systems to facilitate safe

access to fixed and mobile plant;

Provision and integrity of process tanks, waste holding tanks and bunded areas as per

relevant standards;

Containment of hazardous materials;

Security of facility to prevent unauthorized access to plant, introduction of prohibited

items, and control of onsite traffic; and

Development of emergency response management systems commensurate with site

specific hazards and risks (fire, explosion, rescue and first aid).

7.4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS

A storage and Handling of Hazardous chemical in a chemical industry is inevitable, and they

carry inherent characteristic risk to the employees due to the properties of chemicals such as

toxicity & flammability. Accident due to fire and explosion by flammable substances are

possible in process industry. The disastrous effect of fire, explosion and release of toxic

fumes in storage and production area, is due to inappropriate design, improper storage,

improper handling, poor maintenance or deficiencies in the operation of the plant. Chemical



in any form can be stored, handled and used if their physical, chemical and hazardous

properties are thoroughly understood and necessary precautions are taken.

Each chemical has its specific character. Hence, chemicals do not co-exist. They need their

independent space, while storing. When two chemicals come in contact, they react

generating heat and by product gases. Ambient temperature and moisture can trigger the

reaction. Halogenated compounds acquire aggravated properties. It is only wise to treat

every chemical as Toxic.

Chemicals are potential enough to destroy the flesh, while skin is ultra sensitive to

chemicals. Chemicals on contact, the affected parts of the body should be washed

thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, to dilute the aggressive nature of

the chemical, as water is the only universal solvent and the best diluent. Then only

further treatment is to be followed.

Chemicals shall be handled in standard containers like MS, HDPE, GI Drums, PVC

Carboys, etc. All the chemicals are to be arranged and stored in accordance with their

compatibility, dry, well ventilated, with flame-proof electrical equipments and lighting. All

the chemicals are to be provided with identification labels.

Eye wash/Drench shower is to be provided at a strategic location for emergency

purpose.

Chemical Safety Data Sheets and handling procedure, First Aid measures are to be

prepared and displayed for information and safety of the working personnel.

7.4.1 Hazards/ Exposure Control of Chemicals

The hazards involved and its control measures for the following chemicals which are being

handled or stored in the premises are given below:

A. Xylene

Types of hazard /

exposure

Acute hazards / symptoms

Prevention First aid / fire fighting

Fire Flammable. NO open flames, NO sparks, and NO smoking. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.

Extinguish with foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

Explosion Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area.

Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling. Use non-sparking handtools.

In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Exposure

Inhalation Irritating to eyes, nose, and throat.

Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection.

Move to fresh air. If breathing has stopped,



headache, difficult breathing, or loss of Consciousness.

give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Call a doctor.

Skin Irritation to skin Protective gloves and boots.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with plenty of water and soap. Refer for medical attention.

Eyes Irritation Safety goggles,face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Hold eyelids open and flush with plenty of water for atleast 15 min and undergo medical supervision.

Ingestion Nausea, vomiting, or loss of consciousness.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

If victim is conscious, Rinse mouth and have victim drink water or milk. Do NOT induce vomiting. Rest. Refer for medical attention.

B. Acetic anhydride

Types of hazard / exposure

Acute hazards / symptoms

Prevention First aid / fire fighting

Fire

flammable. Reacts violently with water to form acetic acid

NO open flames, NO sparks, and NO smoking.

Dry Chemical or CO2, In case of tank on fire, flood with water, stay away from tank and do not pour water inside the tank.

Explosion

Risk of explosion in presence of mechanical impact

Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical lighting.

Cool containing vessels with water jet.

Exposure

Inhalation

Coughing, Chocking Shortness of breath may lead to bronchial infection in case of chronic exposure

Self contained Breathing apparatus, Ventilation, local exhaust, or breathing protection.

Fresh air, provide oxygen, avoid mouth-to-mouth resuscitation in case of corrosive and hazardous chemicals, Refer for medical attention.

Skin

Irritation, inflammation, soaring, reddening of skin

Protective gloves. Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention. Cover affected skin with emollient

Severe Skin contact

Itching, soaring, reddening and blistering of skin, skin burns

Protective gloves, Remove work-clothes that get significantly wet

Wash with disinfectant soap cover contaminated skin with antibacterial cream and refer for medical attention.

Eyes

Irritant, causes eye burn. Liquid mist causes tissue damage in eyes, inflammation causing redness, watering and itching.

Eyewash fountains in area, Safety goggles.

Remove lenses, rince with plenty of water for min 15min. Get medical attention immediately.

Ingestion Corrosive, destroys inner membrane of mouth, esophagus,

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Loose tight clothing, Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical



attention. If is conscious give 1-2 glass of water to dilute it.

7.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.5.1 Disasters

A disaster is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into helplessness

and suffering and, as a result, need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and

other necessities of life.

Disasters can be divided into two main groups. In the first, are disasters resulting from natural

phenomena like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, storm surges, cyclones, tropical storms,

floods, avalanches, landslides, forest fires. The second group includes disastrous events

occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon the environment. Examples are armed conflict,

industrial accidents, radiation accidents, factory fires, explosions and escape of toxic gases or

chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other structural collapses, air, sea, rail and road

transport accidents which can reach catastrophic dimensions in terms of human loss.

There can be no set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster in the abstract since this

depends to a large extent on the physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs.

What would be consider a major disaster in a developing country, ill equipped to cope with the

problems involved, may not mean more than a temporary emergency elsewhere. However, all

disasters bring in their wake similar consequences that call for immediate action, whether at the

local, national or international level, for the rescue and relief of the victims. This includes the

search for the dead and injured, medical and social care, removal of the debris, the provision of

temporary shelter for the homeless, food, clothing and medical supplies, and the rapid re-

establishment of essential services.

7.5.2 Objectives of Disaster Management Plan [DMP]

The Disaster Management Plan is aimed to ensure safety of life, protection of environment,

protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage operations in this same order of

priorities. For effective implementation of the Disaster Management Plan, it should be widely

circulated and personnel trained through rehearsals/drills.

The Disaster Management Plan should reflect the probable consequential severalties of the

undesired event due to deteriorating conditions or through 'Knock on' effects. Further the

management should be able to demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses

good supporting evidence and is based on currently available and reliable information, incident

data from internal and external sources and if necessary the reports of out side agencies.



To tackle the consequences of a major emergency inside the plant or in the immediate vicinity

of the plant, a Disaster Management Plan has to be formulated and this planned emergency

document is called "Disaster Management Plan".

The objective of the Industrial Disaster Management Plan is to make use of the combined

resources of the plant and the outside services to achieve the following:

Effect the rescue and medical treatment of casualties;

Safeguard other people;

Minimize damage to property and the environment;

Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control;

Identify any dead;

Provide for the needs of relatives;

Provide authoritative information to the news media;

Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area; and

Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause

and circumstances of the Emergency.

In effect, it is to optimize operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitate and render medical help

and to restore normalcy.

7.5.3 Emergencies

I. General, Industrial, Emergencies

The emergencies that could be envisaged in the plant and fuel storage are as follows:

A situation of fire at the Hydrogen Plant;

A situation of fire at the tank farm of all storages;

Slow isolated fires;

Fast spreading fires;

Structural failures;

Contamination of food/water; and

Sabotage/Social disorder.

II. Specific Emergencies Anticipated

Fire and Explosion

Fire consequences can be disastrous, since they involve huge quantities of fuel either stored or

in dynamic inventory in pipe lines or in nearby areas. Preliminary hazard analysis has provided

a basis for consequence estimation. Estimation can be made by using various pool fire, tank

fire consequence calculations. During the study of Risk Assessment, the nature of damages is

worked out and probability of occurrence of such hazards is also drawn up.



7.5.4 Emergency Organization

It is recommended to setup an Emergency Organization. A senior executive who has control

over the affairs of the plant should lead the Emergency Organization. He shall be designated as

Site Controller. General Manager [O & M] shall be designated as the Incident Controller. In the

case of stores, utilities, open areas, which are not under the control of the Production Heads,

Senior Executive responsible for maintenance of utilities would be designated as Incident

Controller. All the Incident Controllers would be reporting to the Site Controller.

Each Incident Controller, by himself, organizes a team responsible for controlling the incidence

with the personnel under his control. Shift In-charge would be the reporting officer, who would

bring the incidence to the notice of the Incidence Controller and Site Controller.

Emergency Co-coordinators would be appointed who would undertake the responsibilities like

fire fighting, rescue, rehabilitation, transport and provide essential and support services. For this

purposes, Security In-charge, Personnel Department, Essential services personnel would be

engaged. All these personnel would be designated as Key personnel.

In each shift, electrical supervisor, electrical fitters, pump house in-charge, and other

maintenance staff would be drafted for emergency operations. In the event of power or

communication system failure, some of staff members in the office/plant offices would be

drafted and their services would be utilized as messengers for quick passing of

communications. All these personnel would be declared as essential personnel.

A. Emergency Communication

Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc would inform

his immediate superior and Emergency Control Center. A place nearer to the Gate House

Complex shall be identified as Emergency Control Center. The person on duty in the

Emergency Control Center would appraise the Site Controller. Site Controller verifies the

situation from the Incident Controller of that area or the Shift In-charge and takes a decision

about an impending On Site Emergency. This would be communicated to all the Incident

Controllers, Emergency Co-ordinators. Simultaneously, the emergency warning system would

be activated on the instructions of the Site Controller.

7.5.5 Emergency Responsibilities

The responsibilities of the key personnel are appended below:

I. Site Controller

On receiving information about emergency he would rush to Emergency Control Center (ECC)

and take charge of ECC and the situation. His responsibilities would be as indicated below:

Assesses the magnitude of the situation on the advice of Incident Controller and decides;

Whether the affected area needs to be evacuated;



Whether personnel who are at assembly points need to be evacuated;

Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren;

Organizes announcement by public address system about location of emergency;

Assesses which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or are to be alerted;

Maintains a continuous review of possible development and assesses the situation in

consultation with Incident Controller and other Key Personnel as to whether shutting down

the plant or any section of the plant is required and if evacuation of persons is required;

Directs personnel for rescue, rehabilitation, transport, fire, brigade, medical and other

designated mutual support systems locally available, for meeting emergencies;

Controls evacuation of affected areas, if the situation is likely to go out of control or effects

are likely to go beyond the premises of the factory, informs the District Emergency Authority,

Police, Hospital and seeks their intervention and help;

Informs Inspector of Factories, Deputy Chief Inspector of Factories, CECB and other

statutory authorities;

Gives a public statement if necessary;

Keeps record of chronological events and prepares an investigation report and preserves

evidence; and

On completion of On Site Emergency and restoration of normalcy, declares all clear and

orders for all clear warning.

II. Incident Controller

Assembles the incident control team;

Directs operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safety to personnel

minimize damage to the plant, property and environment and minimize the loss of

materials;

Directs the shutting down and evacuation of plant and areas likely to be adversely affected

by the emergency;

Ensures that key personnel help is sought;

Provides advice and information to the Fire and Security Officer and the Local Fire

Services as and when they arrive;

Ensures that all non-essential workers/staff of the affected areas are evacuated to the

appropriate assembly points, and the areas are searched for casualties;

Has regard to the need for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any inquiry into the

causes and circumstances, which caused or escalated the emergency;

Co-ordinates with emergency services at the site;

Provides tools and safety equipment to the team members;



Keeps in touch with the team and advices them regarding the method of control to be

used; and

Keeps the Site Controller of Emergency informed of the progress being made.

III. Emergency Coordinator - Rescue, Fire Fighting

On knowing about emergency, rushes to ECC;

Helps the Incident Controller in containment of the emergency;

Ensure fire pumps are in operating condition and instructs pump house operator to ready

for any emergency with standby arrangement;

Guides the fire fighting crew i.e. firemen, trained plant personnel and security staff;

Organizes shifting the fire fighting facilities to the emergency site, if required;

Takes guidance of the Incident Controller for fire fighting as well as assesses the

requirements of outside help;

Arranges to control the traffic at the gate and the incident area;

Directs the security staff to the incident site to take part in the emergency operations under

his guidance and supervision;

Evacuates the people in the plant or in the nearby areas as advised by Site Controller;

Searches for casualties and arranges proper aid for them;

Assembles search and evacuation team;

Arranges for safety equipment for the members of this team;

Decides which paths the evacuated workers should follow; and

Maintains law and order in the area, and if necessary seeks the help of police.

IV. Emergency Coordinator-Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and

communication

In the event of failure of electric supply and thereby internal telephone, sets up

communication point and establishes contact with the ECC;

Organizes medical treatment to the injured and if necessary will shift the injured to near by

hospitals;

Mobilizes extra medical help from outside, if necessary;

Keeps a list of qualified first aid providers for the plant and seeks their assistance;

Maintains first aid and medical emergency requirements;

Makes sure that all safety equipment is made available to the emergency team;

Assists Site Controller with necessary data to coordinate the emergency activities;

Assists Site Controller in updating emergency plan, organizing mock drills, verification of

inventory of emergency facilities and furnishing report to Site Controller;



Maintains liaison with Civil Administration;

Ensures availability of canteen facilities and maintenance of rehabilitation center.

Liaises with Site Controller/Incident Controller;

Ensures transportation facility;

Ensures availability of necessary cash for rescue/rehabilitation and emergency expenditure;

Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency; and

Makes available diesel/petrol for transport vehicles engaged in emergency operation.

V. Emergency Coordinator - Essential Services

Assists Site Controller and Incident Controller;

Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Fire Water, Compressed

Air/Instrument Air, power supply for lighting;

Plans alternate facilities in the event of power failure, to maintain essential services such as

lighting, etc;

Organizes separate electrical connections for all utilities and emergency services so that in

the event of emergency or fires, essential services and utilities are not affected;

Gives necessary instructions regarding emergency electrical supply, isolation of certain

sections etc. to shift in-charge and electricians; and

Ensures availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency

materials, spares etc.

VI. General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency

During an emergency, which becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency

warning is raised, the workers who are in-charge of process equipment should adopt safe and

emergency shut down and attend to any prescribed duty as essential employee. If no such

responsibility is assigned, he should adopt a safe course to assembly point and await

instructions. He should not resort to spreading panic. On the other hand, he must assist

emergency personnel towards meeting the objectives of DMP.

7.5.6 Emergency Facilities

I. Emergency Control Center (ECC)

The following information and equipment are to be provided at the Emergency Control Center

(ECC).

Intercom, telephone;

P and T telephone;

Self contained breathing apparatus;

Fire suit/gas tight goggles/gloves/helmets;



Hand tools, wind direction/velocities indications;

Public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone directories;

(internal, P and T) plant layout, site plan;

Emergency lamp/torch light/batteries;

Plan indicating locations of hazard inventories, plant control room, sources of safety

equipment, work road plan, assembly points, rescue location vulnerable zones, escape

routes;

Hazard chart;

Emergency shut-down procedures;

Nominal roll of employees;

List of key personnel, list of essential employees, list of Emergency Co-ordinators;

Duties of key personnel;

Address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator, essential

employees; and

Important address and telephone numbers including Government agencies, neighboring

industries and sources of help, outside experts, fuel fact sheets and population details

around the factory.

II Assembly Point

One assembly points, depending upon the plant location, would be identified wherein

employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be assembled

for safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities like water etc. would

be organized.

In view of the size of plant, different locations would be ear marked as assembly points.

Depending upon the location of hazard, the assembly points are to be used.

III Fire Fighting Facilities

First Aid and sufficient number of Fire extinguishers suitable for emergency should be

maintained in the plant. This would be as per statutory requirements. Fire alarms would be

located in the bulk storage areas.

IV Location of Wind Sock

Wind socks shall be installed at appropriate places in the plant to indicate direction of wind for

emergency escape.



V Emergency Medical Facilities

General first aid materials for dealing with chemical burns, fire burns etc would be maintained in

the emergency control room. To provide necessary first aid facilities, the first aid training will

also be given to the employees. Necessary specific medicines for emergency treatment of

Patient’s Burns would be maintained. Breathing apparatus and other emergency medical

equipment would be provided and maintained. The unit will appoint the medical officer for the

regular medical examination of the employee. The project site is located only 11 km away from

Rajkot city, in case of any emergency Government and private hospital would be approached.

Names of Medical Personnel, Medical facilities in the area would be prepared and updated.

VI Ambulance

There is availability of personal vehicles to transport injured or affected persons to the hospital.

Number of persons would be trained in first aid so that, in every shift first aid personnel would

be available.

7.5.7 Emergency Actions

7.5.7.1 Emergency Warning

The emergency would be communicated both to the personnel inside the plant and the people

outside. An emergency warning system shall be established for this purpose.

7.5.7.2 Emergency Shutdown

There are number of facilities, which can be provided to help deal with hazardous conditions,

when a tank is on fire. The suggested arrangements are:

1. Stop feed;

2. Dilute contents;

3. Remove heat;

4. Deluge with water; and

5. Transfer contents.

Whether a given method is appropriate depends on the particular case.

7.5.7.3 Evacuation of Personnel

There could be a number of persons in the storage area and other areas in the vicinity. The

area would have adequate number of exits, staircases. In the event of an emergency,

unconnected personnel have to escape to assembly point. Operators have to take emergency

shutdown procedure and escape. Time Office shall maintain a copy of deployment of

employees in each shift, at ECC. If necessary, persons can be evacuated by rescue teams.

7.5.7.4 All Clear Signal

Also, at the end of an emergency, after discussing with Incident Controllers and Emergency Co-

coordinators, the Site Controller orders an all clear signal. When it becomes essential, the Site



Controller communicates to the District Emergency Authority, Police, Fire Service personnel

regarding help required or development of the situation into an Off-Site Emergency.

7.5.8 General

7.5.8.1 Employee Information

During an emergency, employees would be warned by raising siren in specific pattern.

Employees would be given training of escape routes and taking shelter. Employees would be

provided with information related to fire hazards, antidotes and first aid measures. Those who

would be designated as key personnel and essential employees should be given training for

emergency response.

7.5.8.2 Public Information and Warning

The industrial disaster effects related to this plant may mostly be confined to the plant area. The

detailed risk analysis has indicated that the pool fire effects would not be felt outside. However,

as an abundant precaution, the information related to Chemical in use would be furnished to

District Emergency Authority for necessary dissemination to general public and for any use

during an offsite emergency. Plants of this size and nature have been in existence in our

country for a long time.

7.5.8.3 Co-ordination with Local Authorities

Keeping in view of the nature of emergency, two levels of coordination are proposed. In the

case of an On Site Emergency, resources within the organization would be mobilized and in the

event extreme emergency local authorities help would be sought.

In the event of an emergency developing into an off site emergency, local authority and District

Emergency Authority (normally the Collector) would be appraised and under his supervision,

the Off Site Disaster Management Plan would be exercised. For this purpose, the facilities that

are available locally, i.e. medical, transport, personnel, rescue accommodation, voluntary

organizations etc. would be mustered. Necessary rehearsals and training in the form of mock

drills would be organized.

7.5.8.4 Mutual Aid

Mutual aid in the form of technical personnel, runners, helpers, special protective equipment,

transport vehicles, communication facility etc would be sought from the neighboring industries.

7.5.8.5 Mock Drills

Emergency preparedness is an important part of planning in Industrial Disaster Management.

Personnel would be trained suitably and prepared mentally and physically in emergency



response through carefully planned, simulated procedures. Similarly, the key personnel and

essential personnel would be trained in the operations.

7.5.8.6 Important Information

Once the Plant goes on stream, important information such names and addresses of key

personnel, essential employees, medical personnel outside the plant, transporters address,

address of those connected with Off Site Emergency such as Police, Local Authorities, Fire

Services, District Emergency Authority would be prepared and maintained. The on-site

emergency organization chart for various emergencies is shown in Figure-7.6.

FIG-7.6

On-Site Emergency Organization Chart

Operator

Shift Incharge

Safety Officer

Site Controller Room

Emergency Control

Emergency Coordinaror Emergency Coordinaror

(Medical,Mutual,Aid

Rehabilitation,Transport and Communication)

(Rescue,Fire Fighting)

Electrician, First Aid,

Transport-Driver

Telephone-Operator

Electrician Pump Operator

Emergency Coordinaror

(Essential Services)

Pump Operator

Shift Incharge

Incident Controller



7.6 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN

The task of preparing the Off-Site Emergency Plan lies with the District Collector; however the

off-site plan will be prepared with the help of the local district authorities. The proposed plan will

be based on the following guidelines.

7.6.1 Introduction

Off-site emergency plan would follow the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of

an emergency situation go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency. Off-

site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the plant

management will provide the public administration with the technical information relating to the

nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population.

The off-site plan in detail will be based on those events, which are most likely to occur, but

other less likely events, which have severe consequence, will also be considered. Incidents

which have very severe consequences yet have a small probability of occurrence would also be

considered during the preparation of the plan. However, the key feature of a good off-site

emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those specifically

included in the formation of the plan.

The roles of the various parties who will be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are

described below. Depending on local arrangements, the responsibility for the off-site plan would

either rest with the plant management or with the local authority. Either way, the plan would

identify an emergency co-ordinating officer, who would take the overall command of the off-site

activities. As with the on-site plan, an emergency control center would be setup within which the

emergency co-ordination officer can operate.

An early decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living

"within range" of the accident - in particular whether they should be evacuated or told to go

indoors. In the latter case, the decision can regularly be reviewed in the event of an escalation

of the incident. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors:

In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), only houses

close to the fire are likely to need evacuation, although a severe smoke hazard may require

this to be reviewed periodically; and

If a fire is escalating and in turn threatening a store of hazardous material, it might be

necessary to evacuate people nearby, but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists,

people should be advised to stay indoors and shield them from the fire. This latter case

particularly applies if the installation at risk could produce a fireball with very severe thermal

radiation effects.



Although the plan will have sufficient flexibility built in to cover the consequences of the range of

accidents identified for the on-site plan, it will cover in some detail the handling of the

emergency to a particular distance from each major hazard works.

7.6.2 Aspects Proposed to be considered in the Off-Site Emergency Plan

The main aspects, which should be included in the emergency plan are:

Organization

Detail of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control

centers.

Names and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and other

key personnel.

Communications

Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network, list of telephone

numbers.

Specialized Knowledge

Details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be necessary to call e.g. those

with specialized fuel knowledge, laboratories.

Voluntary Organizations

Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources etc.

Fuel Information

Details of the hazardous substances stored and a summary of the risk associated with them.

Meteorological Information

Arrangements for obtaining details of weather forecasts and weather conditions prevailing at

that time.

Humanitarian Arrangements

Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances

and temporary mortuaries.

Public Information

Arrangements for (a) dealing with the media press office; (b) informing relatives, etc.

Assessment of Emergency Plan

Arrangements for:

(a) Collecting information on the causes of the emergency;

(b) Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.



7.6.3 Role of the Emergency Coordinating Officer

The various emergency services would be Coordinated by an emergency Coordinating officer

(ECO), who will be designated by the district collector. The ECO would liaison closely with the

site main controller. Again depending on local arrangements, for very severe incidents with

major or prolonged off-site consequences, the external control would be passed to a senior

local authority administrator or even an administrator appointed by the central or state

government. The ECO will be equipped with address and phone numbers of important

agencies.

7.6.4 Role of the Local Authority

The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The emergency planning

officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different

emergencies within the local authority area. The EPO should liaison with the plant, to obtain the

information to provide the basis for the plan. This liaison should ensure that the plan is

continually kept upto date.

It will be the responsibility of the EPO to ensure that all those organizations which will be

involved off site in handling the emergency, know of their role and are able to accept it by

having for example, sufficient staff and appropriate equipment to cover their particular

responsibilities. Rehearsals for off-site plans should be organized by the EPO.

7.6.5 Role of Police

Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property and

controlling traffic movements.

Their functions should include controlling bystanders, evacuating the public, identifying the

dead and dealing with casualties, and informing relatives of death or injury.

7.6.6 Role of Fire Authorities

The control of a fire should be normally the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer who

would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the site. The

senior fire brigade officer should also have a similar responsibility for other events, such as

explosions. Fire authorities in the region should be apprised about the location of all stores of

flammable materials, water and foam supply points, and fire-fighting equipment. They should be

involved in on-site emergency rehearsals both as participants and, on occasion, as observers

of exercises involving only site personnel.



7.6.7 Role of Health Authorities

Health authorities, including doctors, surgeons, hospitals, ambulances, and so on, should have

a vital part to play following a major accident, and they should form an integral part of the

emergency plan.

For major fires, injuries should be the result of the effects of thermal radiation to a varying

degree, and the knowledge and experience to handle this in all but extreme cases may be

generally available in most hospitals.

Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities additional to those

available locally, and a medical "mutual aid” scheme should exist to enable the assistance of

neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.

7.6.8 Role of Government Safety Authority

This will be the factory inspectorate available in the region. Inspectors are likely to satisfy

themselves that the organization responsible for producing the off-site plan has made adequate

arrangements for handling emergencies of all types including major emergencies. They may

wish to see well-documented procedures and evidence of exercise undertaken to test the plan.

In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector will

apply. These may vary from keeping a watching brief to a close involvement in advising on

operations.

The action plan suggested for control of the off-site emergencies is given in Table-7.16.

Table-7.16

Off-Site Action Plan

Sr. No.

Action required to be taken to mitigate disaster by aid giving

agency

Responsible agencies for taking action

Equipments/material facilities required at site to

mitigate emergency A1 Arrangements for

evacuation/rescue of persons from zone of influence to predetermined camps

Police Department Self Breathing apparatus with spare cylinder Chemical gas mask with spare canister Vehicle with PA system Transportation for evacuation of people

2 Caution to public by announcement 3 Traffic and Mob control by

cordoning of the area

4 Law & order 5 Request to railway authority for

keeping the nearest by railway gate open & to stop the up & down trains at the nearest railway station

B1 Control of fire District Fire Brigade

Self breathing apparatus with spare cylinders



Sr. No.


agency



mitigate emergency 1 Scrubbing of the flashed off gas

cloud with water curtain

Foam/water fire tenders Gas mask with spare canisters Lime water Neck to toe complete asbestos suit, PVC hand gloves, gumboots, safety goggles Mobile scrubbing system along with suction arrangement.

2 To rescue trapped persons

3 If fire is big, keep surrounding area cool by spraying water

4 Communication to TNEB to continue or cut off electric supply

5 Communication to water supply department for supplying water

C1 Medical facilities for affected persons (first aid and treatment)

Hospital and public health

Ambulance with onboard resuscitation unit, first aid, stretchers

D1 Identification of concentration of gas in zone of influence

Pollution control board

Gas detector

E1 Removal of debris and damaged structures

Municipal corporation

Provide bulldozers Provide cranes

F1 Monitor the incoming and out going transports

Transport department

Provide traffic police at site Provide emergency shifting vehicles at site Provide stock of fuel for vehicles

2 Arrange emergency shifting of affected persons and non affected person to specified area

3 Arrange diesel/petrol for needed vehicles

G1 Give all information related to meteorological aspects for safe handling of affected area for living beings

Meteorological Department

Provide wind direction and velocity instruments with temperature measure Mobile van for meteorological parameter measurements

2 Forecast if any important weather change

H1 Representatives of all departments are in the local crisis group; therefore they are expected to render services available with them. Since it is a group of experts with authority, the mitigating measures can be implemented speedily. The representatives from locals are also there so that communication with local people is easy and quick.

Local Crises Group

Must have all resources at hand, specially disaster management plan and its implementation method. All relevant information related to hazardous industry are generally available with crisis group News paper editor is a part of the group so that right and timely media release can be done



Sr. No.


agency



mitigate emergency 2 The district emergency or disaster

control officer is the president and he is used to mock drill etc. so action can be taken in right direction in time

I1 Collector is the President of District Crisis Group therefore all district infrastructure facilities are diverted to affected zone

District Crisis group

All necessary facilities available at district can be made available at affected zone Control of law and order situation

2 All other functions as mentioned for local crisis group

7.6.9 Personal Protective Equipment

I. Clothing

Chemical-resistant clothing and protective gloves with material suitable for handling various

hazardous chemicals.

II. Eye Protection

Employees will use splash-proof goggles while dealing with hazardous chemicals. An eye-

wash fountain or an eye wash kit for in case of emergency.

III. First Aid:

Prompt action will be taken in case of any kind of spillage or leakage. In case of any kind of

chemical spill or leak, following actions will be taken:

Breathing

Person will be moved to the fresh air at once (in case of inhalation). If breathing stops,

artificial respiration will be performed. Affected person will be kept warm and resting

and medical attention will be provided immediately.

Eye Exposure

Eyes will be washed immediately with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes,

lifting the upper and lower lids. Medical attention will be provided immediately. Workers

shall not be allowed wearing Contact lenses while working in the premises near the

area of risk of hazardous spill or leak.

Skin Exposure

Skin contaminated with acid or any kind of chemical will be flushed with soap and

water for at least 15 minutes(or as recommended in the MSDS of the chemical). If

strong concentrations of gas or solution penetrate clothing, then cloths will be removed

and skin will be flushed with water. Medical attention will be provided immediately.



Swallowing

In case of swallowing, if the person is conscious, large amounts of water or milk will be

given. Medical attention will be provided immediately. Material safety data sheet

(MSDS) will be referred or a physician will be called.

Spill Management

If any solvents spill or leak occurs, following actions will be taken:

Fire officer or the local fire department will be intimated. Untrained persons or

those without proper personal protective equipment will not allowed enter in

affected areas. Evacuation and restriction of people from the hazardous area of

release of chemical.

Stop or control the source of exposure.

Ventilation of contaminated atmospheres by opening windows to disperse the

fumes.

If the exposure is from the spill of a solution, collection of the spilled material.

Dilution and neutralize of the spill if possible and disposal in a secured landfill.

7.7 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

For large industries, where multifarious activities are involved during construction, erection,

testing, commissioning, operation and maintenance, the men, materials and machines are the

basic inputs. Along with the boons, industrialization generally brings several problems like

occupational health and safety.

The industrial planner, therefore, has to properly plan and take steps to minimize the impacts of

industrialization and to ensure appropriate occupational health and safety including fire plans.

All these activities again may be classified under construction and erection, and operation and

maintenance.

7.7.1 Occupational Health

Occupational health needs attention both during construction and erection and operation and

maintenance phases. However, the problem varies both in magnitude and variety in the above

phases.

Construction and Erection

The occupational health problems envisaged at this stage can mainly be due to

constructional accident and noise. To overcome these hazards, in addition to arrangements

to reduce it within TLV's, necessary protective equipments shall also be supplied to

workers.

Operation and Maintenance

The problem of occupational health, in the operation and maintenance phase is primarily



due to noise which could affect hearing. The necessary personal protective equipments

will be given to all the workers. The working personnel shall be given the following

appropriate personnel protective equipments.

Industrial Safety Helmet;

Crash Helmets;

Face shield with replacement acrylic vision;

Zero power plain goggles with cut type filters on both ends;

Zero power goggles with cut type filters on both sides and blue color glasses;

Cylindrical type earplug;

Ear muffs;

Canister Gas mask;

Self contained breathing apparatus;

Leather apron;

Aluminized fiber glass fix proximity suit with hood and gloves;

Boiler suit;

Safety belt/line man's safety belt;

Leather hand gloves;

Asbestos hand gloves;

Acid/Alkali proof rubberized hand gloves;

Canvas cum leather hand gloves with leather palm;

Lead hand glove;

Electrically tested electrical resistance hand gloves; and

Industrial safety shoes with steel toe.

Full-fledged hospital facilities will be available round the clock for attending emergency arising

out of accidents, if any. All working personnel will be medically examined at least once in every

year and at the end of his term of employment. Pre and Post-employment Medical check-up is

being already carried out and the same shall be followed after the said expansion. This is in

addition to the pre-employment medical examination.

7.7.2 Safety Plan

Safety of both men and materials during construction and operation phases is of concern.

Safety plan shall be prepared and implemented in the proposed expansion of plant. The

preparedness of an industry for the occurrence of possible disasters is known as emergency

plan. The disaster in the plant is possible due to collapse of structures and fire/explosion etc.

Keeping in view the safety requirement during construction, operation and maintenance

phases, and the plant has formulated safety policy with the following regulations:



To allocate sufficient resources to maintain safe and healthy conditions of work;

To take steps to ensure that all known safety factors are taken into account in the design,

construction, operation and maintenance of plants, machinery and equipment;

To ensure that adequate safety instructions are given to all employees;

To provide wherever necessary protective equipment, safety appliances and clothing and

to ensure their proper use;

To inform employees about materials, equipment or processes used in their work which

are known to be potentially hazardous to health or safety;

To keep all operations and methods of work under regular review for making necessary

changes from the point of view of safety in the light of experience and upto date

knowledge;

To provide appropriate facilities for first aid and prompt treatment of injuries and illness at

work;

To provide appropriate instruction, training, retraining and supervision to employees in

health and safety, first aid and to ensure that adequate publicity is given to these matters;

To ensure proper implementation of fire prevention methods and an appropriate fire

fighting service together with training facilities for personnel involved in this service;

To organize collection, analysis and presentation of data on accident, sickness and

incident involving people injury or injury to health with a view to taking corrective, remedial

and preventive action;

To promote through the established machinery, joint consultation in health and safety

matters to ensure effective participation by all employees;

To publish/notify regulations, instructions and notices in the common language of

employees;

To prepare separate safety rules for each type of occupation/processes involved in a plant;

and

To ensure regular safety inspection by a competent person at suitable intervals of all

buildings, equipments, work places and operations.

GENERAL SAFETY MEASURES

Proper ventilation system will be provided at storage and processing areas of

chemicals so that to maintain PEL valves of chemicals and solvents.

Good housekeeping, disposal methods will be followed to control the fugitive

emissions of chemicals.

In order to prevent the work men from facing the musculo -skeletal disorders,

backache, pain in minor and major joints etc, manual carrying of heavy materials will

be avoided. All liquid raw materials/solvents will be transferred through closed piping



system either by pumping or by gravity, to reduce the carrying load on work men

against gravity. Safe carrying weights (up to 15 kgs) only allowed to be carried by

work men. Stair cases with suitable gradient will be constructed in the work sheds.

Material handling trolleys will be provided to carry/handle the solid materials from one

place to other.

Employees will be educated, trained and, informed about the chemicals and their

properties by displaying the material safety data sheets (MSDS) in the processing

areas.

Awareness about potential hazards, work hazards, fire hazards, and health hazards

associated with the chemicals which are being used by the industry will be developed

among the employees.

Apart from the above, the following general safety precautions will be implemented in the

plant.

Shielding guards will be provided to all belt pulleys, couplings and all moving parts of

the machinery.

All electrical cables and electrical equipment will be properly grounded and earthed.

Poster display regarding safety, health and environmental protection will be arranged

in the plant to make awareness of safety and health.

All responsible employees will be educated and trained to handle the fire fighting

equipment.

NO SMOKING policy will be strictly implemented in the entire plant area.

Emergency exits will be provided at the selected places.

No employee will be allowed to expose to a noise level greater than 85dB(A) for a

period of more than 8 hours per day with out hearing protection.

Periodical health check up of employees will be held as a part of occupational health

surveillance.

One shower type eye wash will be provided in the plant area.

Fire extinguisher will be provided where ever is needed.

All flammable chemicals and solvents will be kept away from ignition sources and

heat.

Storage of chemicals will be as per their compatibility.

Proper exhaust ventilation will be provided to the process area to maintain the

airborne concentrations and solvents below their TLV values.



7.7.3 Safety Organization

Construction and Erection Phase

A qualified and experienced safety officer shall be appointed. The responsibilities of the safety

officer include identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advice

on corrective actions, conduct safety audit, organize training programs and provide professional

expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. He is also

responsible to ensure compliance of Safety Rules/ Statutory Provisions. In addition to

employment of safety officer by CPC, every contractor, who employs more than 250 workers,

shall also employ one safety officer to ensure safety of the worker, in accordance with the

conditions of contract.

Operation and Maintenance Phase

When the construction is completed the posting of safety officers shall be in accordance with

the requirement of Factories Act and their duties and responsibilities shall be as defined there

off.

7.7.4 Safety Circle

In order to fully develop the capabilities of the employees in identification of hazardous

processes and improving safety and health, safety circles would be constituted in each area of

work. The circle would consist of 5-6 employees from that area. The circle normally shall meet

for about an hour every week.

7.7.5 Safety Training

A full-fledged training center shall be set up at the plant. Safety training shall be provided by the

Safety Officers with the assistance of faculty members called from Professional Safety

Institutions and Universities. In addition to regular employees, limited contractor labors shall

also be provided safety training. To create safety awareness safety films shall be shown to

workers and leaflets shall be distributed. Some precautions and remedial measures proposed

to be adopted to prevent fires are:

Compartmentalization of cable galleries, use of proper sealing techniques of cable

passages and crevices in all directions would help in localizing and identifying the area

of occurrence of fire as well as ensure effective automatic and manual fire fighting

operations;

Spread of fire in horizontal direction would be checked by providing fire stops for cable

shafts;

Reliable and dependable type of fire detection system with proper zoning and interlocks

for alarms are effective protection methods for conveyor galleries;



Housekeeping of high standard helps in eliminating the causes of fire and regular fire

watching system strengthens fire prevention and fire fighting; and

Proper fire watching by all concerned would be ensured.

7.7.6 Health and Safety Monitoring Plan

The health of all employees shall be monitored once in a year for early detection of any ailment

due to exposure to heat, fumes and noise. Pre and Post-employment Medical Check-up for all

the employees will be carried out regularly.

7.8 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

7.8.1 Impact

I. Impact on population composition

The population composition of a place changes due to various factors viz, topography,

availability of water, agricultural practices, economic development, transport facilities and

migration of people. Migration of people brings changes in population size, sex ratio, adult-

child ratio and size & composition of labor force. The industry is a proposed new project in

which local people will be employed directly and it will also help in generating various indirect

jobs helping in creating an employment cycle.

As most of the people will be employed locally, therefore, there will be less influx of people

from outside in the study area. At present per household size is 5 to 6 persons. As the local

people will be employed there will be minimal impact on the population of the study area.

However, a significant increase in population can be expected through indirect jobs as and

when the proposed new project will expand.

II. Impact on employment generation

The existing project consists a total of 7 employees. Additional 19 Employees are proposed

to be employed during expansion.

Description Mgmt. Staff

Supervisory Staff

Clerks Company Workers

Total*

E P E P E P E P E P

Administration 1 1 - - 1 2 1 2 3 5 Plant Operation - - 1 2 - - 2 8 3 10 Store & Dispatch - - - 1 - 1 1 2 1 4

Total 1 1 1 3 1 3 4 8 7 19 *E: Existing, P: Proposed Employment will be given to local people to the extent possible. However, the local people

cannot be employed in the proposed expansion project as it is synthetic organic industry and



requires an expertise and highly skilled jobs and qualification of the people in the study area

do not match the requirement. However, recruitment of local people wherever suitable will be

done and at least 80% reservation for recruitment of local people has been planned by

proponent.

The proposed new will generate various indirect employments which will help people locally,

regionally mainly and later nationally. They will be involved in various job activities such as

packing, warehousing, transportation, advertisement, direct selling, bulk selling etc. This will

involve many people to generate income.

III. Impact on Local, Regional and National Environment

The major impact will be locally especially in the study area. The proponent will focus on the

manufacturing of Synthetic resins. With the coming up of industry it will lead to a quick and

long term impact locally and regionally especially. With the increasing rate of employment in

the region the development in terms of standard of living, education etc will increase. Later,

when the industry will increase it will contribute to the national level though marginally.

IV. People’s perception about the project

M/s. Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit manufacturing synthetic resin

@ 2000 TPM by formulation activity only. The unit now proposes to manufacture

Unsaturated Polyester Resin & Alkyd Resin with the cumulative production capacity of

2000 TPM and Saturated Polyester Resin, Epoxy Resin & Vinyl Ester Resin with the

cumulative production capacity of 300 TPM. The expansion project is proposed within the

existing premises at Changodar in Taluka Sanand of District Ahmedabad. A survey was

conducted in the study area by a well experienced team.

A survey of local people in the study area was conducted. The survey included three Taluka

of Ahmedabad district, these are 1) Sanand 2) Dholka 3) Daskroi. There are various

expectations of the people in the study area as 14% stated employment is a big necessity,

while 23% people agreed that better and upgraded medical facilities is required both for

humans and animals in the study region, 15% of people agreed that water and better

agriculture facilities are required, while a greater 8% of people stressed that education and

infrastructure building such as better road, electricity etc is the need of the hour. Around 40%

of people did not respond to the question. Thus due to the proposed expansion in the

existing industry people will be benefitted as the proponent will provide greater employment

opportunities to the local people and will do various activities in favor of the people in the

study area.



7.8.2 Mitigation / management measures

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a concept whereby organizations take

responsibility for their impact on society and environment. It is also known as Corporate

Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship, Responsible Business and Sustainable Responsible

Business (SRB). As is the case in many countries, the private sector is generally more active

in this area than the governmental/public sector.

Since the mid-1990s nearly all leading corporate in India are involved in Corporate Social

Responsibility (CSR) programmes in areas like education, health, livelihood creation, skill

development, and empowerment of weaker sections of the society. Notable efforts have

come from the Tata Group, Infosys, Bharti Enterprises, Coca Cola India, PepsiCo and ITC

Welcome group, among others. India has been named among the top ten Asian countries

paying increasing importance towards corporate social responsibility (CSR). The Corporate

India has spread its CSR activities across 20 states and Union territories. About 36 per cent

of the CSR activities are concentrated in the state of Maharashtra, followed by about 12 per

cent in Gujarat, 10 per cent in Delhi and 9 per cent in Tamil Nadu.

The Government of India has finalized plans to ensure that Public Sector companies actively

participate in CSR initiatives. It was expected that 2-5 per cent of the company's net profits

would be funded in such projects.

The project proponent has planned various Corporate Social activities in the study area for

the proposed expansion project in Sanand taluka of Ahmedabad district.

1. The proponent will organize medical camps in the study region. In the survey it was

reported by the interviewee that Diarrhoea, anemia, etc. are the common health

problems in the study region. The medical camps for these diseases will be organized.

The medical camp for vaccination of children against six major diseases will also be

organized.

2. The proponent will carry out plantation all along the road side in nearby villages and

development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.

3. The unit will organize education aids & scholarship to poor students for higher education.

4. The unit will give their adequate and reasonable contribution for the local religious and

social programs in the nearby villages.

5. Company will also cooperate and participate in the various activities conducted by the

government for the socio-economic development and welfare of the society such as;



Participate in the medical camp organized in the villages.

Participate and cooperate in animal husbandry camp.

Participate in the Forestry Programme of state government.

Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.

Award scholarship to students for higher education.

Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.

Award scholarship to students for higher education.

Participate in the national programme organized on 15th August and 26th January.

Participate in new school admission campaign.

Participate in Cleanliness Camp of state government.

************************

SECTION VIII

PROJECT BENEFITS

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-VIII/Project Benefits


SECTION-VIII

PROJECT BENEFITS

INDEX


8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 184

8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184

8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 184

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL –SKILLED; SEMI-SKILLED AND

UNSKILLED

184

8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 185

************



PROJECT BENEFITS

8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS

The unit is located in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, which is only 22.0 km far from the

Ahmedabad City. Ahmdabad is the largest industrial center in the western India and has

been important base of commerce, trade and industry. Ahmedabad hosts several large

scale, medium scale and small scale manufacturing industries, some major industrial

segment includes dyes and dye intermediates, Bulk drug & pharmaceuticals, textiles etc.

Ahmedabad is one of the 30 Megacities of the world and is expected to grow at a healthy 6.3% in

period 2010-16 and Ahmedabad’s GDP is predicted to grow at 10.1% per annum in this period.

Following the rapid growth in commerce, trade and industry, Ahmedabad is now also

witnessing a major construction boom and increase in population due to the migration from

not only over the Gujarat but from all over the India.

Synthetic Resin, finished product of the Nirav Chemical Industries, being a wide and different

uses in industry, commerce and domestic application has huge potential in Ahmedabad and

local market.

8.1 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Being small scale manufacturing unit, the proposed expansion project will not have any

noticeable impacts on society such as growth in schools, hospitals, hotels & resorts,

transport etc. On the contrary all such infrastructures are already developed in the vicinity.

8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

The impact on social infrastructure like religious places (temple, mosque, church,

guruduwara); marriage homes, Bus stations, railway stations, play grounds, stadium is not

envisaged due to the proposed expansion of the unit.

8.3 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL: SKILLED; SEMI-SKILLED AND UNSKILLED

At present total 7 people are working in the existing plant and in the full fledge process of the

plant after the proposed expansion, the project will provide direct employment to around 26

persons skilled and semi-skilled workforce. Recruitment of local people wherever suitable

will be done and at least 80% reservation for recruitment of local people has been planned

by proponent. In addition to this the indirect employment to semi-skilled and unskilled

workers due to the transportation, services deliveries and other activities like outsourcing,

maintenance work etc. is also anticipated. Thus, the recruitment will be slightly beneficial to

the local employment structure considering the existing employment opportunity in the

region.



8.4 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS

The other tangible benefits includes metrics and improvements demonstrating process and

system cost savings, compliant inspections and customer audits, faster product approvals

and manufacturing throughput, less rejected material, reduced nonconformance issues, and

more efficient continuous improvement and project implementation. Intangible benefits

include improved staff morale, faster, more accurate transparent decision making, less

employee turnover, increased staff accountability, and an enhanced culture of quality

throughout the organization.

***************

SECTION IX

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT

ANALYSIS

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IX/ ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS


SECTION-IX

INDEX


9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS

9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS 187

************

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-IX/ ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS


9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFITS ANALYSIS

Not recommended at the Scoping stage

**********************

SECTION X

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

PLAN

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section – X/ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN


SECTION-X

INDEX


10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 188-198

***************



ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is a site specific plan developed to ensure that

the project is implemented in an environmental sustainable manner where all contractors

and subcontractors, including consultants, understand the potential environmental risks

arising from the proposed project and take appropriate actions to properly manage that risk.

EMP also ensures that the project implementation is carried out in accordance with the

design by taking appropriate mitigative actions to reduce adverse environmental impacts

during its life cycle. The plan outlines existing and potential problems that may adversely

impact the environment and recommends corrective measures where required. Also, the

plan outlines roles and responsibility of the key personnel and contractors who are charged

with the responsibility to manage the proposed plant.

The EMP is:

Prepared in accordance with rules and requirements of the MoE&F and the State

Pollution Control Board;

To ensure that the component of facility are operated in accordance with the design;

A process that confirms proper operation through supervision and monitoring;

A system that addresses public complaints during construction and operation of the

facility; and

A plan that ensures remedial measures is implemented immediately.

10.1 Environment Management Department

The unit will ensure the following activity

a. Commitment & Policy

The proposed project management will strive to provide and implement the Environmental

Management Plan that incorporates all issues related to air, land and water.

b. Planning

This includes identification of environmental impacts, legal requirements and setting

environmental objectives. The various potential impacts are discussed under Section III of

the EIA Report.

c. Implementation: This comprises of resources available to the proponents, accountability

of contractors, training of operational staff associated with environmental control facilities

and documentation of measures to be taken.

d. Measurement & Evaluation: This includes monitoring, corrective actions, and record

keeping.



10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PROGRAMME

“Nirav Chemical Industries” management is quite conscious of its responsibility for

maintaining clean and a healthy environment. The management is also keen to modify and

make more efficient measures towards suppression of pollution sources. Adequate funds for

pollution control measures are provided as a part of overall project financing to ensure the

availability of proper treatment facilities before the commissioning of the unit. The existing

project cost is about 111.67 lakh and the overall investment in the expansion project is

estimated to 290.43 Lakh. About Rs. 15.00 lakh is proposed for the environment protection

program.

S. No. Particulars Capital Cost

Rs. In lakh Recurring Cost, Rs. In lakh per

annum 1 Air Pollution Control 4.0 2.0

2 Water Pollution Control 6.0 20.0

3 Hazardous Waste Management & Noise Pollution Control

1.0 0.50

4 Environment Monitoring, Statutory Compliance & Chartered Services

0.5 0.50

5 Occupational Health 1.0 0.40

6 Green Belt 0.5 0.30

7 CSR activities 0 1.00

8. Rain Water Harvesting 2.0 0.50

Total 15.0 25.2

The proposed Environment Management plan for the unit is summarized in the below table

Table: 10.1

Environment Management Plan

Particulars Mitigation Measures

Air Environment

During Construction

Phase

Dust pollution can be minimized at the source by water

spraying and maintenance of road.

Construction material will be stored in temporary storage

yard.

There will be no basement; hence quantity of the soil

excavation will be comparatively less. However, soil will be

kept moist to reduce dust emission during excavation for

piling.



The excavated materials will be place only on the

designated disposal areas.

The heights, from which materials will be dropped, will be

the minimum practical height to limit fugitive dust

generation.

The construction area will be shielded with the help of

tarpaulin from all the four sides to contain the air emissions

within the premises.

Dust or dusty material will not be swept without effectively

treating it with water or other substances in order to

minimize its dust emission.

Suitable covered skips and enclosed chats or other suitable

measures will be provided in order to minimize dust

emission to the atmosphere when materials & waste will be

removed from the premises.

Rapid cleanup of project related track out or material spills

on paved road.

Natural topography will be maintained to the greatest extent

possible.

Parking lot and paved road will be constructed first.

Upwind portion of the project will be constructed first.

During high wind condition, construction activities will be

restricted, so that minimum flow of dust particle takes place.

The first and most important step towards emission control

for the large in-use fleet of vehicles is the formulation of an

inspection and maintenance system. It is possible to reduce

30-40% pollution loads generated by vehicles through

proper periodical inspections and maintenance of vehicles

All transportation vehicles will be suitably covered with

tarpaulin & overloading of the vehicles will be avoided.

PUC certified vehicles will be used to avoid the exhaust

emission.

During Operation Phase To control the fugitive emissions generated during various

operations in the industry, plant authorities will adopt

following mitigation measures.

Dedicated pipe lines for transfer of hazardous chemicals



from respective storage tanks to reactors in the production

blocks.

All storage tanks will be provided with vent condensers

having chilled water or brine circulation

All reactors will be provided by vapor condensers

Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors for

improving emission control measures.

To control the flue gas emissions generated during various

operations in the industry, plant authorities will adopt

following mitigation measures.

Agro Waste/ White Coal/ Imported Coal will be used as fuel

in the Thermic Fluid Heaters. Thus, unit has provided Multi

Cyclone Separator to existing TFH-1 and has proposed

individual cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter

to TFH-2 & 3 as an air pollution control measures to control

the emission of particulate matter

In case of failure of any air pollution control equipments, the

process activities will be stopped.

Regular post project air monitoring schedule will be planned

and record will be maintained to track any problem in Air

Pollution Control Equipment

Water Environment

During Construction

Phase

Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid

materials into ground where it could contaminate

groundwater and soil.

Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages

Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of

hydrological features by diesel, grease, oil, etc. derived

from the working area

The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good

operating condition

Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle

maintenance;

Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly

Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all

concrete structures will be covered with gunny bags this will



conserves water

Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles

stick to the access track to prevent mud & dirt being

deposited on roads.

Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments

whilst allowing the water to flow through.

All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction

activities will be cleaned.

Adopting good construction and engineering practices will

help in mitigating the water pollution

During Operation Phase There will be nil effluent generation from the Industrial

activity and hence the unit will maintain as "Zero Effluent

Discharge."

Domestic wastewater will be sent to septic tank and finally

disposed in to soak pit.

Rain water harvesting structure will be installed in the unit.

Solid Waste

During Construction

Phase

Careful design, planning and good site management would

minimize waste of materials such as concrete, mortars and

cement grouts. The contractor will make inventory of all

types of solid waste that are expected during the

construction activity before starting the work.

Complete excavated material from the earthworks will be

re-used on site as structural fill or for landscaping purposes

by balancing with cut & fill operations.

Construction waste generated will be disposed off

according to the nature of the waste.

The transportation of construction spoil will be allowed only

to designated dumpsites after obtaining permission of.

Proper litter disposal and collection points will be

established around the all construction work sites.

No solid waste will be kept in open spaces.

During Operation Phase Continuous rather than batch operations will be explored to

reduce spillage and other material losses

Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected,

decontaminated and reuse within the plant as far as

possible.



The hazardous waste will be collected in HDPE bags and

will be sent to any GPCB approved CHWIF/TSDF site.

Noise Pollution

During Construction

Phase

Complete construction work especially heavy work will be

done during day time.

Vehicular movement carrying raw materials will be avoided

during night time.

The vehicles will be regularly maintained and optimum use

of the same will be made.

Adequate PPE’s (ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet, mask etc)

will be provided to the workers.

PUC certified vehicles will be used.

During Operation Phase All possible measures will be taken to minimize the noise.

The insulation provided for prevention and loss of heat and

personnel safety shall also act as noise reducer.

Foundations and structures will be designed to minimize

vibrations and noise.

Regular equipment maintenance and better work habits will

be adopted.

Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive

maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and

equipments to reduce noise generation.

Necessary safety and personal protective equipment such

as ear plugs, ear muffs, helmet etc will be strictly enforced

for the workers engaged in high noise areas. Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with

the Factories Act & Rules and will not exceed 75 dB (A) at 1

m distance.

Implementation of green belt within the premises of plant

will absorb the noise. About 20.92% of the total plot area

will be under greenbelt. This will help to control the noise

pollution.

Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually done to

avoid excessive noise generation.

Supervisor will be responsible to control the noise by

maintaining conditions of machineries and silencers.



Socio - Economy The following CSR activities have been proposed for the people

of the study area:

The proponent will organize medical camps in the study

region. In the survey it was reported by the interviewee that

anemia, viral fever, cold, cough etc are the common health

problems in the study region. The medical camps for these

diseases will be organized.

The unit will give their adequate and reasonable contribution

for the following CSR activities in the nearby villages,

1. Plantation all along the road side in nearby villages and development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.

2. Education aids & scholarship to poor students for higher education.

3. Company will also participate & contribute in Local religious and social programs.

Company will also cooperate and participate in the various

activities conducted by the government for the socio-

economic development and welfare of the society such as;

1. Participate in the medical camp organized in the villages.

2. Participate and cooperate in animal husbandry camp.

3. Participate in the Forestry Programme of state government.

4. Participate and Cooperate in Education Camp of state government.

5. Award scholarship to students for higher education.



8. Participate in the national programme organized on 15th August and 26th January.

9. Participate in new school admission campaign.

10. Participate in Cleanliness Camp of state government.



10.3 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT

The main objective of green belt is to provide a barrier between the plant and surrounding

areas to prevent air and noise pollution. To maintain the ecological balance project

authorities are planning to develop green belt around the plant. Green belt recommendations

around the company premises will be evolved as per CPCB norm for noise pollution control

and to prevent the gaseous pollutant into surrounding, balancing eco-environment, soil

erosion/protection, economic sustenance and aesthetics.

Based on the agro-climatic conditions of the region, location of proposed plant and physico-

bio-chemical properties of the soil strata in addition to the nature of pollutants. Local trees

species having simple big leaves will be planted. The plants are suitable for green belt

development will have characteristics like, fast growing, thick canopy cover, perennial and

evergreen large leaf area, naturally growing, efficient in absorbing pollutants without major

effects on natural growth.

The unit has already developed green belt in area of 297 sqm in the industrial premises.

Further Green Belt development / tree plantation in organized manner is proposed through

development of green belt up to 497 sqm area within the industrial premises., which comers

to around 20.12 % of the total plot area available.

The unit will develop green belt area in 497 sqm (20.12% of total area) within the industrial

premises. The unit will plant 50 numbers of various trees. The details of plant species are

given in Table-10.2. The green belt development program for the proposed plantation is

shown in Table – 10.2.

10.3.1 Species Suggested for Plantation

Species have been suggested by considering various biological and environmental role of

the various plant species like Dust Control, Noise Control, Absorptions of Gases, Drought

resistance, Fire Resistance etc. Some flowering herbs and subs have been suggested to

enhance aesthetic beauty of the project site area.



Table: 10.2

Recommended Plant species for Plantation

Plant Spices Common Name Ecological and Environmental Performances of Plant Species

Trees Annona squamosa Amrud DC, DR, SR, FR Azardirachta indica Neem DC, NC, AG, DR, FR.

Cassia fistula Amaltas DC, DR, FR. Delbergia sissoo Shesham DC, DR, FR.

Delonix regia Gulmohar DC. Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka DC, NC, AG. Termanilia catappa Desi Badam DC, NC.

Source: Anon 2007, Saxena 1991, Anon 2006, Hocking,1993. DC- Dust Control, NC - Noise Control, AG – Absorptions of Gases, DR - Drought resistance, SR - Salinity resistance, FR - Fire Resistance

Shrubs Croton oblongifolius croton To enhance aesthetic beauty / DC*

Tabernaemontanadivaricata Chandni To enhance aesthetic beauty / DC* Withania somnifera Ashwagandh To enhance aesthetic beauty / DC*

Herbs Tageteseminuta Genda To enhance aesthetic beauty/ DC* Chrysanthamum Crown Daisy To enhance aesthetic beauty/ DC*

Rosa indica Rose To enhance aesthetic beauty/ DC*

*Source: phytoremediation of particulate matter from ambient environment through dust capturing plant species, CPCB 2007.

In addition to the green belt development plan within the own industrial premises, the

unit propose to develop green belt on outside peripheral of the industry premises and

also develop the green belt in common plots, barren land and along the road side in

the nearby villages and contributes towards the green belt development. This way

the unit will contribute indirectly to develop green belt on minimum 400 m2 on such

areas. Thus, total green belt development by the unit will come to 897 m2, which will

be around 36.32 % of the total area occupied by the unit.

10.3.2 Location of the Plant Species

Project boundary will have tall trees like Polyalthia longifolia, Cassia fistula while herbs and

will be planted in the base of these tree species. Second row will be planted with add mixture

of various species like Azardirachta indica, Delbergia sissoo while species like Delonix regia,

Annona squamosa and Termanilia catappa can be planted along the road side. Flowering

plants herbs and shrub will be planted between open spaces between the tree rows.



10.3.3 Precautionary Measures

The plantations need to be managed by regular watering, soil enrichment work (applying

manure) weeding and provide proper protection.

Replacement of sapling (replanting) required whenever mortality occurs in the plantation

during the growth stage.

Plantation requires after care for a period of minimum four years till the saplings recruit

properly and attain its matured tree stage.

Any damage to the developed greenbelt due to natural catastrophe should be redeveloped

and maintained by the agency.

*********************

SECTION XI

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-XI/ Summary and Conclusions


SECTION - XI

INDEX


11.0 INTRODUCTION

11.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 203

11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 204

11.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND

MITIGATION MEASURES

206

11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 209

11.5 PROJECT BENEFITS 211

11.6 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION

PHASE

211

11.7 CONCLUSIONS 214



SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

11.0 INTRODUCTION Nirav Chemical Industries is an existing small scale unit manufacturing synthetic resin with

the capacity of 2000 TPM by formulation activity only. The unit is located at Plot No. 44/1,

Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vil. Changodar, Ta. Sanand,

Dist. Ahmedabad in Gujarat. Now, the unit proposes to manufacture various types and

grades of Synthetic Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 TPM. The total land

area acquired by the ‘Nirav Chemical Industries’ is 2470 sq. m. The proposed expansion will

be carried out within the same premises. The existing green cover area is 297sq.m (12%)

and the same will be expanded up to 497sq.m (20.12%) after the proposed expansion. The

existing project cost is about 111.67 lakh and proposed project cost is estimated at Rs.

290.43 lakh. About Rs.15 lakh is proposed for the environment protection measures as

capital cost.

The details of environmental setting are given below. The map showing the project site and

10 km study area is shown in Figure-11.1

Table 11.1: Details of Environmental Setting

Sr. No.

Particulars Details

1 Location

A Village Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate, Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Village Changodar

B Taluka Sanand

C District Ahmedabad

D State Gujarat

E Latitude N 22°55'44.03"N E 22°55'43.49"N W 22°55'43.54"N S 22°55'42.95"N

F Longitude N 72°27'11.80"E E 72°27'13.06"E W 72°27'10.88"E S 72°27'11.87"E

G SOI Toposheet No. F43G5



Sr. No.

Particulars Details

1 Total Plant Area 2470 sq. m

2 Land use at the project area

Industrial Use

3 Nearest habitation Changodar: @ 1.0 Km West

4 Nearest major town Ahmedabad: 22.0 Km NE

5 Nearest highway NH – 8A : @ 0.5 Km West

6 Nearest railway track from

Project site

Changodar : @ 1.0 Km West

7 Nearest airport International - Ahmedabad : 28 km, NE

8 Nearest tourist places Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary @ 20 km NE

9 Defence installations None within 10 km radius

10 Protected forest/ National Parks/ Wildlife Sanctuary

There is no protected area notified under the Wild

Life (Protection) Act (1972) & Eco - sensitive area

notified under Section 3 of the Environment

(Protection) Act – 1986 within 10 Km radius areas

from the Plant Site.

11 Seismic zone As per the earth quake sensitivity index the unit is

situated in Zone – III, having moderate Damage

Risk (MSK- VII).



Fig. 11.1: Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area

(The legible copy of Topographical Map showing the project site and 10 km study area is enclosed as Annexure- IV)



11.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

The salient features of the proposed plant are given below:

Table 11.2: Salient Features of Proposed Plant

Sl. no. Particulars Details 1. Project Name Nirav Chemical Industries 2. Location Plot No. 44/1, Changodar Industrial Estate,

Sarkhej-Bawla Highway, Vill. Changodar, Ta. Sanand, Dist. Ahmedabad

3. Production & its Capacity The unit will manufacture various types and grades of Synthetic Resin with the total production capacity of 2300 MT/Month.

4. Land requirement 2470 sq. m 5. Source of power Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (MGVCL) 6. Manpower 26 persons 7. Source of Water Ground Water

(Industrial estate’s common bore well) 8. Water Requirement Daily fresh water demand –

Existing - 11 KLD Total after Expansion - 19.5 KLD

9. Industrials Wastewater generation

Existing – 0.5 KLD Total after Expansion – 1.1 KLD

10. Domestic Wastewater generation Existing – 4.0 KLD Total after Expansion - 1.2 KLD

11 Solid waste generation

Waste Source

Type of waste



Physical- Chemical

Form Method of Disposal

E P T


23.1 3

MT 2

MT 5

MT Solid organic

Collection, Storage Transportation and

disposal at safe TSDF site

Raw Material

Storage & Handling

Discarded Drums/ bags

33.3 200 kg

800 Kg

1 MT

Solid-Inorganic



Used / Spent Oil

5.1 0.5 KL

0.5 KL

1.0 KL

Liquid- Organic





11. Project Cost Existing – Rs. 111.67 Expansion – Rs. 290.43 lakh

12. EMP costs Capital Cost: 15 Lakh Recurring Cost: 25.2 Lakh per Annum

13. Cost towards CSR activities Rs. 25.2 to be incurred every year



11.2 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

11.2.1 Land use

The study area is prominently covered by agriculture land, which is about 57.01%. The

settlement is mostly confined to the ‘rural & urban settlement’ (built up-rural) 7.64 % and the

total industrial area 7.55 % has noticed in the 10 km study area. The scrub area constitutes

the category of land use covering as much as 5.45 % of the total area. Active river channels

of the study area and its tributaries flowing into it cover about 5.72 % of the total study area.

11.2.2 Environmental Monitoring

For monitoring of the environmental parameters like meteorology, air, water, soil and noise

quality, the monitoring stations have been established at different locations in and around

the project area. The base line data has been collected in the post monsoon season during

2012.

11.2.3 Meteorology

The recorded meteorological data for the study period at project site is presented below:

Table 11.3: Micro meteorological data for the study period at project site

Parameter Max Min

Temperature (0C) 29.9 19.2

Relative Humidity (%) 96 20

Wind Speed (m/sec) 10 0.56

Rainfall (in) 0.00

Predominant direction Blowing from NE to SW

11.2.4 Ambient Air Quality

Ambient air quality monitoring has been carried out with a frequency of two days per week at

six locations. The summary of these results for all the locations is presented below. These are

compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for rural

and residential zone.



Table 11.4:

Summary of Ambient Air Quality for all the locations

Locations PM10g/m3 PM2.5 g/m3 SO2 g/m3 NOxg/m3 VOC as

Benzene g/m3 Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min

Project Site 84.6 67.1 32.5 19.2 27.8 22.1 21.2 14.3 BDL

Shivpur Village 72.9 54.3 26.6 16.8 20.4 15.2 21.9 13.2 BDL

Khanderi Village 91.2 73.2 42.5 26.5 31.5 25.6 21.9 16.6 BDL

Nyara Village 86.3 61.8 39.5 22.4 29.2 23.2 27.8 22.3 BDL

Taragadi Village 82.3 62.3 32.1 17.6 24.3 18.1 31.9 26.1 BDL

Naranka Village 64.2 48.9 23.3 14.5 18.9 15.2 19.8 13.2 BDL

NAAQS* 100 60 80 80 5.0

*NAAQS: National Ambient Air Quality Standard

All values were found to be well within the latest national standards.

11.2.5 Ground water quality

Six ground water samples have been considered in and around the proposed project site

within the periphery of 10 km taking in to account the various uses, these water resources

are put to. The analysis results indicate that the pH of the ground waters was to be in the

range of 7.56 – 7.80. The TDS were found to be in the range of 725 - 1022 mg/L for the

ground water. The monitoring reports show that Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Calcium,

Magnesium, Alkalinity and Chlorides in the ground water samples at all the location is

higher than Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500, however all these parameters are

within the Permissible Limit prescribed under IS: 10500. All other parameters are well within

the Desirable Limit prescribed under IS: 10500.

11.2.6 Noise Quality

The noise monitoring has been conducted for determination of noise levels at seven locations

covering 10 km study area. The noise levels at each location were recorded for 24-hrs. The

results obtained were compared with the national standards and were found to be within limits.

11.2.7 Ecology

The project site is already surrounded by the urban environment and does not hold any

critical habitat/ecosystem as well as any threatened floral or faunal species. So project site

will not have any adverse impact on the environment.



11.2.8 Socio-economic

A wide variation of population in the study area has been observed by the surveyors. The

Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population in the study area is not much. Illiteracy rate

in the study area is lower. 10 villages have illiterates less than 1000, 15 villages have an

illiteracy between 1000-2000, in 4 villages have between 2000-4000 individuals are illiterate.

In Ahmedabad urban area only 24.23% individuals are illiterates.

The basic amenities are available in study area with reference to education, medical, water

resources, post and telegraph, communication, power supply. All villages of the study area

have primary school and college. Good number of Medical facilities is available in study

area.

In the study area drinking water facility is good as well water, tube well water and hand pump

is available almost in all the villages. Post office facility and telephone connection is available

in all villages. In the study all the villages are well connected through a network of Pucca

road. Bus and railway station is the main mode of transportation in all villages of the study

area. The electricity is available in all the villages of study area.

11.3 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

The summary of anticipated adverse environmental impacts due to the proposed project and

mitigation measures are given below.

11.3.1 Air Environment

The main point sources of air pollution in the unit will be flue gasses from Thermic Fluid

Heaters (1 nos. Existing & 2 nos. Proposed), Steam Boiler and D.G. set (2 nos.). The Agro

Waste/White Coal/Imported Coal will be used as fuel into Thermic Fluid Heaters & steam

boiler and diesel in D. G. set.

The unit has installed Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and after proposed expansion the

unit will install individual Multi cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 &

3 and Multi cyclone separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control

the emission of particulate matter in the flue gas emission through TFH & steam boiler and it

will be well within gaseous emission norms described by the GPCB. Fugitive emissions will

be generated from transportation and material handling. The unit will take appropriate

precaution for the control of fugitive emission. The impact on air quality is assessed based on emissions of the proposed stacks in the

plant. PM, SO2 and NOx will be the important pollutants emitting from the stacks. Prediction of

impacts on air environment has been carried out employing mathematical model based on a



steady state Gaussian plume dispersion model designed for multiple point sources for short

term. In the present case, Industrial Source Complex [ISC3] dispersion model based on

steady state Gaussian plume dispersion, designed for multiple point sources for short term and

developed by United States Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] has been used for

simulations from point sources.

Model Output Data

In the present case, model simulations have been carried out for the study period. The Ground

level concentrations are computed for 24-hrs average. Maximum Ground level

concentrations of PM10, SO2, and NOx for study period were 1.443 g/m3, 3.761g/m3, and

0.661g/m3 respectively and were falling at 500m from the point source. The incremental

ground level concentrations for various pollutants are given in Table 11.5.

Table 11.5:

Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations

Pollutant Maximum Incremental Concentration (g/m3)

Distance (m)

Towards Direction

PM10 1.443 500 SW

SO2 3.761 500 SW

NOx 0.661 500 SW

11.3.2 Water Environment

A. Waste water from industrial process

There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about 1.1 waste

water will be generated from Cooling tower and Steam boiler, which will be reused on land

for gardening/plantation purpose within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero

Effluent Discharge."

B. Domestic waste water from the different sections of building

Waste water will be generated from the domestic activities of working staff will be about 5.2

KLD after proposed expansion, which will be treated in the septic tank followed by soak pit.

11.3.3 Noise Environment

D.G. set is proposed to be housed in an inbuilt acoustic enclosure. The acoustic

enclosure will be designed for minimum 25dB (A) insertion loss for meeting the ambient

noise standards, whichever is on the higher side.


helmet etc will be provided to the workers.



Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with the Factories Act & Rules and


11.3.4 Socio-Economic Environment

The requirement of unskilled and semi-skilled manpower will be met from nearby villages

during construction and operational phase. The project will also help in generation of the

indirect employment apart from direct employment. This will be a positive socio-economic

development for the region. There will be a general upliftment of standard of living in the

region.

11.3.5 Solid Waste

The anticipated quantities of some major solid hazardous waste is given below in table

Table: 11.6:

The Anticipated Quantities of Hazardous Waste

Waste Source

Type of waste



Physical-Chemical

Form

Method of Disposal

E P T


23.1 3

MT 2

MT 5

MT Solid

organic

Collection, Storage


Raw Material

Storage & Handling


33.3 200 kg

800 Kg

1 MT

Solid-Inorganic



Used / Spent Oil

5.1 0.5 KL

0.5 KL

1.0 KL

Liquid- Organic





Management

Continuous rather than batch operations will be in practice to reduce spillage and

other material losses.


Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected, decontaminated and reuse within

the plant as far as possible.



The hazardous waste generated from the process will be collected in HDPE bags

and will be sent to CHWIF/TSDF.

11.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME Environmental Monitoring Cell

A centralized environmental monitoring cell will be established for monitoring of important

and crucial environmental parameters which are of immense importance to assess the

status of environment during operation of plant.

The following routine monitoring programme as detailed under shall be implemented at site.

Besides to this monitoring, the compliances to all environmental clearance conditions and

regular permits from SPCB/MoEF shall be monitored and reported periodically.

Table: 11.7:

Environmental Monitoring Programme

S. No.

Potential Impact




Location

1 AAQ & Gaseous Emissions

Ambient air quality within the premises

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, Total VOC and Benzene


At least one location inside premises

Flue Gas emission PM, SO2, NOx As per CPCB/ SPCB requirement or on quarterly basis whichever is earlier

Thermic Fluid Heater 1, 2 &

3, Steam Boiler and

D.G. Set 1 & 2

Workspace Monitoring

Total VOC and Benzene


Process Area, Storage Area

Exhaust from vehicles to be minimized by use of fuel efficient vehicles and well maintained vehicles having PUC certificate.

Vehicle logs to be maintained

- -

Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible

Vehicle logs Daily records Main gate

2 Noise Noise Level Monitoring

Spot Noise Level recording; Leq(night), Leq(day), Leq(dn)


Various plant operations and worker area in the plant

Generation of Maintain records Periodic during -



S. No.

Potential Impact




Location

vehicular noise of vehicles operation phase 3 Wastewater

Discharge No discharge to be made to surface water, groundwater or soil.

Complete evaporation of the treated wastewater


-

Take care in handling &disposal of wastewater generated such that soil and groundwater resources are protected

No seepage/ leakage during the process


-

Compliance of sewage disposal in to soak pit through septic tank

No seepage/ leakage/ overflow during the handling


-

4 Drainage and effluent Management

Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. Design to incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same.

Visual inspection of drainage and records thereof


-

5 Water Quality and Water Levels

Monitoring used water quality & groundwater quality and levels

Comprehensive monitoring as per IS 10500 Ground water level BGL


Water supplied by Estate through their bore well near project site

6 Energy Usage Energy usage for air-conditioning and other activities to be minimized Conduct annual energy audit for the buildings

Energy audit report

Annual audits and periodic checks during operational phase

-

8 Emergency preparedness, such as fire fighting

Fire protection and safety measures to take care of fire and explosion hazards, to be assessed and steps taken for their prevention.

Mock drill records, on site emergency plan, evacuation plan


9 Maintenance of flora and fauna

Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development

No. of plants, species


-

10 Waste Management

Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies

Records of solid waste generation, treatment and disposal




S. No.

Potential Impact




Location

the procedures for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising.

11 Soil quality Maintenance of good soil quality

Physico-chemical parameters and metals.

Periodical monitoring

Plantation areas

12 Health Employees and migrant labour health check ups

All relevant parameters including HIV

Regular check ups

-

11.5 PROJECT BENEFITS

The unit is located in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat, which is only 22.0 km far from the

Ahmedabad City. Ahmdabad is the largest industrial center in the western India and has

been important base of commerce, trade and industry. Ahmedabad hosts several large

scale, medium scale and small scale manufacturing industries, some major industrial

segment includes dyes and dye intermediates, Bulk drug & pharmaceuticals, textiles etc.

Ahmedabad is one of the 30 Megacities of the world and is expected to grow at a healthy

6.3% in period 2010-16 and Ahmedabad’s GDP is predicted to grow at 10.1% per annum in

this period. Following the rapid growth in commerce, trade and industry, Ahmedabad is now

also witnessing a major construction boom and increase in population due to the migration

from not only over the Gujarat but from all over the India. Synthetic Resin, finished product of

the Nirav Chemical Industries, being a wide and different uses in industry, commerce and

domestic application has huge potential in Ahmedabad and local market.

11.6 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATION PHASE

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) aims at the preservation of ecological system by

considering in-built pollution abatement facilities at the proposed site. Some of the major

criteria governing the environmental measures will be adopted, and the same is described in

ensuring paragraphs.

11.6.1 Air Pollution Management

To control the fugitive emissions generated during various operations in the

industry, plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.

• The entire manufacturing activities will be carried out in the closed system.

• Mechanical seals will be provided for all the reactors for improving emission control

measures.

• All reactors will be provided by vapor condensers.

• All solvent storage tanks will be provided with vent condensers having chilled water

or brine circulation.



• Dedicated pipe lines for transfer of solvents from respective solvent storage tanks to

reactors in the production blocks.

• All the electrical motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be

flame proof and all pumps provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand by

arrangement.

To control the flue gas emissions generated during various operations in the

industry, plant authorities will adopt following mitigation measures.

• Agro Waste/ White Coal/ Imported Coal will be used as fuel in the Thermic Fluid

Heaters. The have provided Multi Cyclone Separator to TFH-1 and will provide

individual cyclone separator followed by common Bag Filter to TFH-2 & 3 and Multi

Cyclone Separator to steam boiler as an air pollution control measures to control the

emission of particulate matter

• In case of failure of any air pollution control equipments, the process activities will be

stopped.

• Regular post project air monitoring schedule will be planned and record will be

maintained to track any problem in Air Pollution Control Equipment.

11.6.2 Water Pollution Management

Measures will be implemented to prevent seepage of liquid materials into ground where it

could contaminate groundwater and soil.

Ensure prompt cleaning up of accidental spillages

Measures will be followed to prevent the contamination of hydrological features by diesel,

grease, oil, etc. derived from the working area

The machinery / equipment will be maintained in a good operating condition

Specially designated areas will be created for vehicle maintenance;

Accidental spillages will be cleaned up promptly

Curing water will be sprayed and after liberal curing, all concrete structures will be

covered with gunny bags this will conserves water

Provisions will be made to ensure the construction vehicles stick to the access track to

prevent mud & dirt being deposited on roads.

Fence will be constructed around the site to trap sediments whilst allowing the water to

flow through.

All mud & dirt deposited on the roads from the construction activities will be cleaned.

Adopting good construction and engineering practices will help in mitigating the water

pollution



There will not be any effluent generation from the manufacturing activity and about 1.1

waste water will be generated, which will be reused on land for gardening/plantation

purpose within premises. Hence the unit will maintain as "Zero Effluent Discharge."

Domestic wastewater will be sent to septic tank and finally disposed in to soak pit.

Rain water harvesting structure will be installed in the unit.

11.6.3 Noise Pollution Management

All possible measures will be taken to minimize the noise.

The insulation provided for prevention and loss of heat and personnel safety shall also

act as noise reducer.

Foundations and structures will be designed to minimize vibrations and noise.

Regular equipment maintenance and better work habits will be adopted.

Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for

the machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.


helmet etc will be strictly enforced for the workers engaged in high noise areas. Noise levels generated will be maintained to comply with the Factories Act & Rules and


Implementation of green belt within the premises of plant will absorb the noise. About

20.92% of the total plot area will be under greenbelt. This will help to control the noise

pollution.

Proper lubrication and housekeeping will be usually done to avoid excessive noise

generation.

Supervisor will be responsible to control the noise by maintaining conditions of

machineries and silencers.

11.6.4 Solid Waste Management


Used and discarded Drums/bags will be collected, decontaminated and reuse within the

plant as far as possible.

The hazardous waste generated from the process will be collected in HDPE bags and

will be sent to CHWIF/TSDF.

11.6.5 Socioeconomic The study area has been analyzed and surveyed. The results reveal that the literacy is fair in

study area. The Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribe population in the study area is not

much. As the people of the study area lacks better employment opportunities and there are



many agriculturists or cultivators. A CSR activity has been designed which will help in

generating income to the people of the study area.

The following CSR activities have been proposed for the people of the study area:

The proponent will organize medical camps in the study region. In the survey it was

reported by the interviewee that anemia, viral fever, cold, cough etc are the common

health problems in the study region. The medical camps for these diseases will be

organized.

The unit will give their adequate and reasonable contribution for the following CSR

activities in the nearby villages,

1. Plantation all along the road side in nearby villages and development of garden/greenbelt on government barren land/common plots.

2. Education aids & scholarship to poor students for higher education.

3. Company will also participate & contribute in Local religious and social programs.

Company will also cooperate and participate in the various activities conducted by the

government for the socio-economic development and welfare of the society such as;

1. Participate in the medical camp organized in the villages.

2. Participate and cooperate in animal husbandry camp.

3. Participate in the Forestry Programme of state government.





8. Participate in the national programme organized on 15th August and 26th January.

9. Participate in new school admission campaign.

10. Participate in Cleanliness Camp of state government.

11.7 CONCLUSIONS

It is predicted that socio-economic impact due to this project will positively increase the

chance of more employment opportunities for local inhabitants. There are no Resettlement

and Rehabilitation issues involved in this project. The project infrastructures will be of use to

people of the area. The revenue of the State Govt. will be definitely increasing due to the

enhanced production. The entire project area is devoid of any endangered flora and fauna.

Thus the proposed project is not likely to affect the environment or adjacent ecosystem

adversely.

*****************

SECTION XII

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT

Project: Nirav Chemical Industries Section-XII/Disclosure of Consultants Engaged



SECTION –XII

INDEX


12.0 Disclosure Of Consultants Engaged 216

nirav chemical gnr eia

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