n}l·s pq/bfol ah]6 lgb]{lzsf - carenepal.org responsive... · ljifo

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n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 lgb]{lzsf

GENDER RESPONSIVE

BUDGETING GUIDELINE

n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 lgb]{lzsf

GENDER RESPONSIVE

BUDGETING GUIDELINE

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;jf{lwsf/ Ms]P/ g]kfn, xl/of] jg sfo{j|md, @)!^

k|sfzg Ms]P/ g]kfns]lGb|o sfof{no M $÷@**, ;dtf ejg, wf]jL3f6, nlntk'/, g]kfnkf]=a=g+ M !^^!6]lnkmf]g g+ M ±(&&–)!–%%@@*)), km\ofS; g+ M ±(&&–!–%%@!@)@Od]nM [email protected] j]a;fO6 M www.carenepal.org

;|f]t Mn}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 th'{df lbUbz{g, @)^(cy{ dGqfno, g]kfn ;/sf/l;+xb/jf/, sf7df08f} F, g]kfn

l8:Sn]d/ Mo; lgb]{lzsfsf] k|sfzg cd]l/sL ljsf; lgof]u -o'P;P8_ sf] dfWodaf6 cd]l/sL gful/såf/f k|bfg ul/Psf] pbf/ ;xof]uaf6 ;Dej ePsf] xf] . o;df plNnlvt ljifoj:t' s]P/ g]kfnsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] / o;n] o'P;P8 tyf cd]l/sL ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .

cy{ dGqfno, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 th'{df lbUbz{g, @)^( nfO{ dgg ub}{ xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] cfgf ljleGg sfo{j|mdx¿ / ;fem]bf/L sfo{j|mdx?sf] n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLntf dfkg ug]{ k|of; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{j|mdnfO{ cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutfsf ;fy lbuf] agfpg, ;a} kl/of]hgf / ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx¿, u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfo / lghL If]qn] ;d]t n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 th'{df lbUbz{g, @)^( sf cfwf/df cf–cfgf If]qsf ah]6sf] th'{df / juL{s/0f ug'{ h?/L x'G5 . t;y{ xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6nfO{ n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLn agfpg k|rngdf NofOPsf ;"rssf] nflu pk ;"rsx¿ tyf ;f]sf] dfkg ug{ sfo{j|md cyjf ;+:yfut k/LIf0f ;"rLx¿ lgwf{/0f u/L n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfu{bz{g tof/ kf/]sf] 5 . of]hgf tyf ah]6 th'{dfsf] ;dodf g} sfo{j|mdx?nfO{ n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLn x'g] u/L th'{df ug{ eg] cem} yk k|of; / ;dembf/Lx¿ cTofjZos b]lvG5 .

n}lËs pQ/bfoL k|0ffnL :yfkgfsf] nflu s]Gb|Lo :t/ tyf cGo ;/f]sf/ kIfx?n] lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf tyf ah]6df n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLntfsf] kIfdf ljZn]if0f, n}lËs c;dfgtf / ;zlQms/0fsf kIfsf] klxrfgsf ;fy} ;Daf]wgsf] kIfdf k|f/Deb]lv g} lgof]lht k|of;sf] yfngL cfjZos x'G5 . o;sf nflu of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf ;+nUg x'g] lgsfo / ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 ;ldltsf] ;+:yfut Joj:yf ul/Psf] x'g' k5{ . xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] o; lbUbz{gnfO{ ;|f]t dfg]/ tof/ ul/Psf] dfu{bz{gdf n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] cjwf/0ffut kIfnfO{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 eg] n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf ;"rs, pk ;"rs tyf k/LIf0f ;"rLx¿ / ;f]sf] sfo{ut JofVof tyf ;du| c°ef/sf cfwf/df ah]6sf] juL{s/0f -k|ToIf n}lËs pQ/bfoL, ck|ToIf n}lËs pQ/bfoL / n}lËs b[li6sf]0fn] t6:y_ ug]{ tl/sf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . s]xL efux?df ljz]if ?kdf pbfx/0f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . ;dofg';f/ sfo{j|mdx¿sf] sfo{ tf}/ t/Lsf kl/jt{g e} /xg] x'Fbf, o; dfu{bz{gdf k|:t't ljifoj:t' / pbfx/0fx¿ klg ablnFbf] x'G5g\ . t;y{ ;f]xL cg'?k cfgf] lgsfosf] nflu pko'Qm x'g] k/LIf0f ;"rLsf pbfx/0fx?sf] klxrfg u/L tf]lsPsf] c°ef/ lbg' kg]{ x'G5 . n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] ;}4flGts cjwf/0ff, ;"rs / pk ;"rsx¿ tyf ltgnfO{ k|of]u ug]{ k/LIf0f ;"rLx¿, sfo{j|mdnfO{ c°ef/ lbg] tl/sf, ah]6sf] juL{s/0f, cfjZos ;+:yfut Joj:yf, cflbsf ;DaGwdf k|f/lDes a'emfOsf nflu o; lgb]{lzsfn] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] 5 eGg] xfdLn] ljZjf; /fv]sf 5f} F . o; dfu{bz{gsf] k|of]uaf6 cfufdL lbgdf k|ToIf n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] cfsf/df a[l4 / t6:y ah]6sf] cfsf/df qmdzM sdL cfpg] 5 eGg] ljZjf; lnPsf 5f} F . oL ;"rs tyf pk ;"rsx?af6 n}lËs d"nk|jfxLs/0fnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] ck]Iff /flvPsf] 5 . o; dfu{bz{gdf ;DalGwt If]qaf6 k|fKt k[i7kf]if0fsf cfwf/df ;dofg's"n kl/dfh{g ub}{ nlug] 5 .

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!=! n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 s] xf] < !

!=@ n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 lsg cfjZos 5 < @

!=# n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 nfu' ug]{ ;Ldf #

!=$ lgb]{lzsfsf] pkfb]otf #

@= ;+:yfut cyjf sfo{j|mdsf] n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 ljZn]if0f

@=! xl/of] jg sfo{j|md $

@=@ ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x !$

@=# ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldlt @#

@=$ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt -uflj;_ tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt -lhlj;_ #@

#= pk;+xf/ $!

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n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkgsf] ;"rs tyf pk ;"rsx?sf sfo{ut JofVof (Operational definition of Gender Responsive Budgeting measurement indicators and sub Indicators)

1

!=! n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 s] xf] <

;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?n] sfo{j|md ;~rfng ubf{ dlxnf / k'?if lar ljb\odfg zlQm ;DaGwnfO{{ dWogh/ ub}{, ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdn]] dlxnf / k'?if b'j}sf cfjZostf / ;/f]sf/x?nfO{{{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ lgof]lht k|of;df th'{df ug]{ ah]6 g} n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 xf] . h}ljs tyf ;dfhn] lgwf{/0f ul/Psf e"ldsfsf ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds kIfnfO{{{, ;dfgtfdf ?kfGt/0f ug{{sf nflu n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLntfsf] kIfnfO{ sfo{j|mddf ;Daf]wg ug]{ sfo{{{ n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6n] ub{5 . Hofnf lagfsf sfo{x¿ ljz]if u/L 3/fo;L sfo{x?sf] ;d]t df}lb|s ?kfGt/0f u/L dlxnfsf] sfo{nfO{ /fli6«o cfodf ltgsf] e"ldsf vf]hL ug]{ k|lsof n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6n] ub{5 .

n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] cjwf/0ff ;g\ !(*$ df ci6«]lnofaf6 k|f/De ePsf] b]lvG5 . xfn;Dd n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 ^# j6f b]zx?df ljleGg gfdn] k|of]u ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;n] dlxnfsf nflu %) k|ltzt / k'?ifsf nflu %) k|ltzt ah]6 x'g' kg]{ ljifosf] jsfnt ub}{g . t/ sfo{j|md tyf ah]6sf ;a} kIfx?df dlxnf tyf k'?ifsf] ;Gt'lnt nfesf] ;'lglZrttf eg] ub{5 . To;sf/0f, clxn]sf] kl/j]zdf n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 eGgfn] dlxnfsf nflu 5'§} ah]6 eGg] xf]Og ;fy ;fy} dlxnf ah]6 klg xf]Og .

g]kfndf ePsf] n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] ljsf; qmd

g]kfndf 5}6f}+ of]hgf cjlwb]lv dlxnf ljsf;nfO{{{ ljsf; of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug]{

kl/kf6Lsf] k|f/De ePb]lv n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 ;'¿ ePsf] dfGg ;lsG5 .

gjf}+ of]hgf cjlw -@)%$—@)%(_ b]lv n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;zQmLs/0f gLlt cjnDag ul/Fb} cfOPsf] 5 .

æn}lËs d"nk|jfxLs/0fsf nflu of]hgf tyf sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog ubf{ n}lËs ah]6 k|0ffnL (Gender Budgeting System) nfu' ug{]Æ egL b;f}+ of]hgfdf ;j{k|yd n}+lËs ah]6sf]

cjwf/0ff /flvPsf] lyof] .

n}lËs ah]6nfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ klxnf] k6s @)^@ ;fn efb|df cy{ dGqfnodf ah]6 tyf sfo{j|md dxfzfvf k|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf æn}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 ;ldltÆ u7g ul/Psf] lyof] .

cf=j=@)^$÷^% b]lv ah]6nfO{ n}lËs b[li6af6 æk|ToIf pQ/bfoLÆ, æck|ToIf pQ/bfoLÆ / æt6:yÆ sf cfwf/af6 d"Nofª\sg ug{] Joj:yfsf] yfngL ul/Psf] lyof] .

!= kl/ro

2

o;n] ;a} If]qsf gLlt tyf of]hgf / ah]6df n}lËs ;Dj]bgzLntf hufpF5 / n}lËs ;dfgtfsf] gLlt Pjd\ ;dli6ut cfly{s gLltsf lar ;DaGw :yflkt ub{5 . of] n}lËs ;dfgtf, ;zQmLs/0f / d"nk|jfxLs/0fsf] /0fgLlt klg xf] .

!=@ n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 lsg cfjZos 5 <

n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6n] dlxnf / k'?if, blnt / u}/ blnt lardf /x]sf clwsf/ (Right), lhDd]jf/L (Responsibility) / kl/0ffd (Result) x?df x'g] e]befjsf kIfnfO{{{ /fd|f] ;Fu ljZn]if0f u/L of]hgf agfpg], ah]6 ljlgof]hg / vr{ / k|efj÷kl/0ffd d"Nofª\sg ug{] ub{5 . of]hgf, ah]6 / sfo{j|mdx?sf] pknlAw / k|efjx?nfO{ n}lËs cfFvfn] d"Nofª\sg ug'{sf ;fy} o;n] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn gLltsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos tyf kof{Kt ah]6sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sb5 . sfo{j|md tyf ah]6sf ;Gbe{df n}+lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf hfu/0f / ;r]tgf a9fpg'sf ;fy} ;dfgtfsf] kIfdf yk k|lta4tf hfx]/ ug{ dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . ;fwg ;|f]tsf] ;dtfd"ns ljlgof]hg, ljt/0f, pkof]u tyf glthfnfO{{ ;dGjofTds ?kdf cl3 a9fO{ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkgdf ;zQm g]t[Tj k|jw{g ug{ klg ;xof]u ub{5 . g]kfnn] cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf n}lËs ;dfgtsf nflu u/]sf k|lta4tfx¿ k'/f u/L n}lËs ;jfndf g]kfnsf] k|of;nfO{ ljZj;fd' ;sf/fTds k|efj k'¥ofpg ;d]t o;sf] cfjZostf 5 .

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mddf n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 th'{df ljlw

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] ;Dkfbg ug]{ ;a} sfo{j|mdx?sf] k|f?k÷;f]r tof/ ubf{ jf kl/of]hgf th'{dfsf] cj:yfdf g} pQm sfo{j|mdn] n}lËs ;dfgtfsf ljifoj:t'nfO{ ;d]6\g ;sf];\ eGg] af/]df ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' kb{5 . ;a} 7fpFdf a;f]jf; ug]{ hfthflt, wd{, pd]/ ;d"x / Ifdtfsf dlxnfsf] cfjZostf / ;/f]sf/nfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L pknlAwdf ;dfg pkef]usf] cj:yf s;/L l;h{gf ug{ ;lsG5 egL ljZn ]if0f ul/g' kb{5 .

o;/L sfo{j|md th'{df ubf{ ljz]iftM b'O{ j6f /0fgLlt cjnDag ug'{ kb{5 .

!_ ;a}sf] nflu egL th'{df ul/g] sfo{j|md / ah]6n] clgjfo{ ?kdf dlxnfsf] ;dfg lxtsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g] u/L ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug'{ kb{5 .

-@_ dlxnf ;zQmLs/0f sfo{j|mddf ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug'{ kb{5 .

3

s]xL dxTjk"0f{ Wofg lbg' kg]{ s'/fx? lgDg lnlvt 5g\ M

h'g If]qsf nflu sfo{j|md th{'df ug{ nfluPsf] xf], ;f] If]qsf] j:t' l:ylt, dlxnf tyf k'?ifsf cj:yf b]vfpg] ;"rgf tyf tYof°sf] ljZn]if0f ug]{,

Dfflysf] ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df cfPsf dlxnf / k'?if, blnt / u}/ blntsf] c;dfg cj:yfnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ug]{, dlxnf / blntsf] cj:yfdf ;'wf/ x'g] lsl;dsf] / n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf kIfnfO{{ oy]i6 Wofg lbPsf sfo{j|mdx?nfO{ k|fyldsLs/0f ug]{{,

5gf}6 ePsf sfo{j|mdx?sf] sfof{Gjog ug{sf nflu, kof{Kt ah]6 ljlgof]hg / vr{sf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{,

sfo{j|mdx?sf] sfof{Gjog ubf{ dfly plNnlvt p2]Zosf] pknlAwsf] ;'lglZrttf ug]{,

oL sfo{j|mdx?sf] sfof{Gjogaf6 dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?df ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g ;fy} n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;'lglZrt ug{] .

!=# n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 nfu' ug]{ ;Ldf

dGqfnosf] xsdf ;a} ljsf; sfo{j|mddf n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 n]vfhf]vf ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 . lhlj;sf] xsdf ¿ % nfv, dxfgu/kflnsfsf] xsdf ¿ !) nfv, pk dxfgu/kflnsfsf] xsdf ¿ & nfv, gu/kflnsfsf] xsdf ¿ % nfv / uflj;sf] xsdf ¿ @ nfv jf ;f] eGbf dfly nufgL x'g] ;a} ljsf; sfo{j|mdx?n] n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 n]vfhf]vf ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ xl/of] jg sfo{j|md h'g;'s} :yfgLo lgsfosf] sfo{ If]qdf sfo{ u/] tfklg cfgf] s'n jflif{s ah]6sf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 n]vfhf]vf ljlw ckgfpg' kb{5 .

!=$= lgb]{lzsfsf] pkfb]otf

n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6n] ;dfhdf /x]sf c;dfgtfnfO{ Go"g ug{sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb5 . xl/of] jg sfo{j|mddf klg o; cf}hf/nfO{ ljleGg txdf n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTjsf] dfkg ug{sf lglDt k|of]u ug]{ hdsf]{ ul/Psf] lyof] . o;} cg'ejsf] cfwf/df xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdsf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx¿, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3, ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldlt h:tf k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg ;Fu ;DalGwt ;d"xx?sf] ljsf; ;DaGwL ah]6sf] k'g/fjnf]sg ug{sf lglDt ;d'bfo :t/Lo dfkg ug]{ of]hgf klg /flvPsf] 5 . o;sf lglDt o; lgb]{lzsfn] cfjZos 9fFrfx?sf ;fy} ljleGg kIfx¿ ljZn]if0f ug{sf lglDt yk hfgsf/L k|bfg u/L, lgb]{lzsf k|of]u stf{n] ;xh} n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] k|lqmofnfO{ ;xhLs/0f ug]{ ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . o;df k|:t't ul/Psf ;Dk"0f{ 9fFrfx¿ k|of]u ug'{ k5{ eGbf klg ;+:yfut lx;fan] cfjZostf cg';f/ pko'Qm 9fFrf k|of]u ubf{ a9L ;fGble{s x'G5 .

4

@=!= xl/of] jg sfo{j|md

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] g]kfndf nlIft lrtjg cGgk"0f{ e"–kl/lw tyf t/fO{ e"–kl/lwsf] h}ljs ljljwtfdf x'g] hf]lvdx¿ Go"gLs/0f ug]{Ù jg ljgfz tyf jgsf] IfoLs/0faf6 x'g] xl/t u[x UofF; pT;h{g

Go"gLs/0f ug{ cfjZos Ifdtf / ;+/rgfsf] ljsf; ug]{Ù / nlIft dfgj ;d'bfo tyf kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnLx?df hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds k|efjx?nfO{ ;fdgf ug]{ Ifdtfsf] clea[l4 ug]{ sfo{ ub}{

cfPsf] 5 . o;sf lglDt cd]l/sL ljsf; lgof]u -o'P;P8_ af6 cfly{s ;xof]u k|bfg ePsf] 5 . o; sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;Gbe{df k|d'v ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf 8An' 8An' Pkm, g]kfn /x]sf] 5 eg] cGo ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx¿ s]P/ g]kfn, ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf dxf;+3 -km]sf]kmg_ / /fli6«o k|s[lt ;+/If0f

sf]if /x]sf 5g\ . pQ/ blIf0f km}lnPsf] lrtjg cGgk"0f{ e""–kl/lw / k""j{ klZrd km}lnPsf] t/fO{ e""–

kl/lwdf cjl:yt ljleGg lhNnfx?df o; sfo{j|mdn] ljleGg lj|mofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdsf] p2]Zox? M

• h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f – nlIft e"–kl/lwx?df h}ljs ljljwtfdf x'g] hf]lvdx¿ Go"gLs/0f ug]{,

• lbuf] e"–kl/lw Joj:yfkg – jg ljgfz tyf jgsf] IfoLs/0faf6 x'g] xl/t u[x UofF; pT;h{g Go"gLs/0f ug{ cfjZos Ifdtf / ;+/rgfsf] ljsf; ug]{,

• hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng – nlIft dfgj ;d'bfo tyf kfl/l:yltsLo k|0ffnLx?df hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds k|efjx?nfO{ ;fdgf ug]{ Ifdtfsf] clea[l4 ug]{ .

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mddf ltg k|d'v cª\usf ?kdf h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f, lbuf] e""–kl/lw Joj:yfkg / hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng /x]sf 5g\ . cGt/ ;DalGwt ljifox?df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f, hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ / ;'zf;g k|jw{g kb{5g\ .

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mddf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f d"nk|jfxLs/0fsf lglDt sfo{j|mdsf] cfjZostf cg'?k n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt agfOPsf] 5 . o; /0fgLltn] sfo{j|md th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ubf{ sd{rf/L / ;|f]t JolQmx?nfO{ ;3fpg] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 . t/, d"nk|jfxLs/0fsf] cj:yf af/] ljZn]if0f ug{ cfjlws cg'udg ug{sf] lglDt xl/of] jg sfo{j|mddf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yf tyf sfo{j|mdsf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9fFrf -tflnsf !_ k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . o; 9fFrfnfO{ d'Votof sfo{j|md th'{df ug]{ ;dodf k|of]u ubf{ cem a9L pko'Qm x'G5 .

@= ;+:yfut cyjf sfo{j|mdsf] n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 ljZn]if0f

5

tflnsf ! M xl/of] jg sfo{j|md tyf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx?sf] n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9f“rf;+:yfsf] gfd M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =7]ufgf M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =ldlt M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

qm=;+ k|d'v ;"rs / pk ;"rsx¿ k/LIf0f ;"rL -r]s lni6_ c°

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xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdsf] n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLltsf] sfof{Gjog

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLltsf] sfof{Gjog ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf lglDt sd{rf/Lx?sf] cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt kof{Kt dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_• dWod -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_• ;fdfGo -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

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xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdsf] n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLltsf] cfjlws ;dLIff

kl/of]hgfsf sd{rf/Lx?åf/f n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf] k|efjsfl/tf af/] ;dLIff ug]{, ;a} txdf ;'wf/sf nflu lqmofsnfkx?sf] klxrfg ug]{, sfof{Gjog ug]{ / 6f]nLsf a}7sx?df o; ;DaGwL hfgsf/L cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ ePdf tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -dfly plNnlvt ;a} sfo{ ePdf_• dWod -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] / bf]>f] sfo{ ePdf_• ;fdfGo -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] sfo{ ePdf_

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n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt

n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ljlzi6 sfo{ ljj/0f ;lxtsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g, ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] cfjlws ;dLIffTds a}7s, sfof{Gjog / cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sgsf l;sfO{ cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ ePdf tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -dfly plNnlvt ;a} sfo{ ePdf_• dWod -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] / bf]>f] sfo{ ePdf_• ;fdfGo -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] sfo{ ePdf_

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tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5• n}lËs lx+;fsf ph'/Ldf tTsfn sf/jfxL ug]{ ljz]if Joj:yf ePdf -h:t} n}lËs lx+;f Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ;+:yfut gLlt, n}lËs lx+;f Joj:yfkgsf lglDt ljz]if sfo{bn u7g ug]{ Joj:yfsf] k|fjwfg ePdf_• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL l;h{gfTds sfd tyf 7f]; of]ubfgsf lglDt k'/:sf/ jf sb/ lbg] Joj:yf ul/Pdf• hg;Dks{sf ;fdu|Lx¿ h:t} k|ult k|ltj]bg, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, j]e;fO6, cflbdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ?kfGt/0fd"ns (Transformative) efiff, lrq / k|efjsf af/]df k|jw{g ug]{

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of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

s]Gb|Lo tyf :yfgLo of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{df a}7sx?df lgDg adf]lhd ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -s]Gb|Lo txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lg0ff{os txsf] %) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt sd{rf/Lsf] ;+nUgtf ePdf / :yfgLo :t/df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm nufot sd{rf/L, jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;fem]bf/af6 %) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xefuL ePdf_• dWod -s]Gb|Lo txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lg0ff{os txsf] ## b]lv $( k|ltzt ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt sd{rf/Lsf] ;+nUgtf ePdf / :yfgLo :t/df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm nufot sd{rf/L, jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;fem]bf/af6 ## b]lv $( k|ltzt;Dd ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xefuL ePdf_• ;fdfGo -s]Gb|Lo txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lg0ff{os txsf] ## k|ltzt eGbf sd ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt sd{rf/Lsf] ;+nUgtf ePdf /

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@=@sfof{Gjog / cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf

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sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf -kl/of]hgf :t/Lo tyf lhNnf :t/Lo_

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf sd{rf/L jf Joj:yfkg÷ ;dGjo ;ldltdf lgDgfg';f/ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;+nUgtf x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L dlxnf, hghflt tyf !# k|ltzt blnt ePdf_ • dWod -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t @) b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf hghflt, % b]lv !@ k|ltzt blnt ePdf_• ;fdfGo -% b]lv !( k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf hghflt, ! b]lv $ k|ltzt;Dd blnt ePdf_

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dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltsf] clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf] Joj:yf

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg] • dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ubf{ / sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf &% k|ltzt eGbf a9L pkef]Qmfx? / To;df klg dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf• dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ubf{ / sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf %! k|ltzt eGbf a9L dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf• ;a} lg0f{ox¿ sfo{ ;ldltsf ax'dt ;b:o / s]xL cu'jf k'?ifx?sf] pkl:yltdf dfq ug]{ kl/kf6L /x]sf]

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tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog / cg'udg k|s[ofdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm, dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx¿ ;d]tsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf_

• dWod -sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm, dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 eg] cg'udg k|s[ofdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ dfq ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] k|fjwfg ePsf] t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog k|efjsf/L eP gePsf] cg'udg ug{sf lglDt n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQmsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ dfq ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf_

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gLlt lg0f{o tyf sfof{Gjog txsf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf] Joj:yf

;d"x tyf ;ldltsf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf nflu lgDg sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5• sDtLdf Ps k6s lg0f{o bIftf clea[l4 x'g] sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf• k'gtf{huL sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf• sfo{j|mddf ljz]if ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?nfO{{ nlIft ul/Pdf

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tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5 • n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;dflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|a4{gsf nflu klxrfg ePsf sfo{j|mdsf nflu kof{Kt /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf]• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|jw{s sfo{j|mdsf nflu ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd ;f]xL sfddf vr{ x'g] ;'lglZrttf ePdf

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cfof]hgf÷sfo{j|mdsf] ;a} txdf lgDgfg';f/ n}lËs tyf hfthfltsf] vl08s[t ;"rgf / tYof°sf] clen]v /fVg] tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5• k|ltkmndf dlxnf÷k'?if tyf ljleGg hfthfltsf] leGgf leGg} ljj/0f cfpg] u/L cfof]hgf÷sfo{j|mdsf] clen]v /fv]]df • sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg tyf ;dLIffdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;dflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ePsf k|ultx¿ ;dfj]z ePdf • ;dLIffaf6 cfPsf l;sfOx?sf cfwf/df cfufdL jif{sf] of]hgf÷ah]6 th'{df ul/Pdf• ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f n]vfhf]vf / k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

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cfo cfh{gsf j}slNks cj;/ jf j[lQ ljsf;sf cj;/ ;[hgf x'g] ePdf

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k/Dk/fut e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu bL3{sfnLg kl/0ffdd'vL k|of; ePdf

k/Dk/fut e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] k|of; ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5• ljleGg If]qdf k/Dk/fut ?kdf ul/g] >d ljefhg eGbf leGg k|s[ltsf] sfo{df -d"No tyf :t/ clea[l4 ;lxt_ dlxnfx?sf] e"ldsfdf ?kfGt/0f x'g] Joj:yf ePdf h:t} jg k}bfjf/sf] Joj;flos v]tLdf ;+nUgtf a9fpg] sfo{j|mdx¿, jg /]Gh/, jg:klt lj1, cflb tof/ ug]{ sfo{j|md• dlxnfx?sf] cj}tlgs sfdsf] dxTj, 3/fo;L sfddf dlxnfsf] ljz]if af]em af/] k|lzIf0f tyf k|rf/ ;fdu|Ldf 5nkmn ePdf • o:tf 3/fo;L sfddf k'?ifsf] ;xeflutf clea[l4 u/L ;xsfo{sf] efjgfnfO{{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{] ;sf/fTds Joj:yf ePdf

!

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hDdf c°ef/ !))

12

c°ef/ ;f/f+z

qm=;+ ;"rsf°x¿ c°ef/k|fKt

c°ef/

! ;+:yfut k|lta4tf tyf hjfkmb]xLtf @)

@of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf

@)

#dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

@%

$sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] nflu nfe tyf lgoGq0fdf ;'lglZrttf

@)

% dlxnfx?sf] /f]huf/L tyf cfo cfh{gdf clea[l4 !)

^dlxnfx?sf] ;dosf] k|of]udf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ tyf sfo{ af]emdf sdL

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hDdf c°ef/ !))

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juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/

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ljleGg ;"rs ty

f pk

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gf]6 M n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 juL{s/0fsf] tx -k|ToIf–!, ck|ToIf–@ / t6:y–#_

tYof° ;+sngsf lglDt ;+of]hgstf{ M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =tYof° ;+sngdf ;xefuLx?sf] gfdfjnL M

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14

@=@= ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x

xl/of] jg sfo{j|md cGtu{t ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?sf] cfGtl/s ;'zf;g clea[l4df klg lgs} hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . o;sf lglDt ;d"xx?df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f clea[l4 ug{sf lglDt gLlt ;r]tgf tyf g]t[Tj Ifdtf clea[l4sf sfo{x¿ ;~rfng ul/Psf 5g\ . oL sfo{x?sf] k|efjsfl/tf ljZn]if0f ug{, pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?sf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL dfkg ug'{ kb{5 . o;sf lglDt tflnsf @ sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

tflnsf @ M ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9f“rf;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] gfd M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =7]ufgf M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =ldlt M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

qm=;+k|d'v ;"rs / pk ;"rsx¿

k/LIf0f ;"rL -r]s lni6_c°ef/

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jg If]qsf] n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt, @)^$ sfof{Gjog


• pQd -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf lglDt sfo{ ;ldlt tyf pkef]Qmfx?sf] cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt kof{Kt dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

• dWod -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

• ;fdfGo -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLlt sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

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n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g cyjf ;Dks{ JolQm rog

n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ljlzi6 sfo{ ljj/0f ;lxtsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g, n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf lglDt ;Dks{ JolQmsf] rog, ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] cfjlws ;dLIffTds a}7s, sfof{Gjog / cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sgsf l;sfO{ cfbfg k|bfg ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -dfly plNnlvt ;a} sfo{ ePdf_

• dWod -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] / bf]>f] sfo{ ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] sfo{ ePdf_

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pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] cj:yf tn pNn]v eP adf]lhd ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf %) k|ltzt dlxnfsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf, afFsL %) k|ltztdf klg ljkGg, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt / hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj . cWoIf / ;lrj dWo] Ps dlxnf ePdf tyf cGo rf/ k|d'v kb dWo] yk csf]{ dlxnfsf ;fy ;fy} oL $ kbdf sDtLdf @ kb hghflt tyf blnt ePdf_

• dWod -pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf sDtLdf %) b]lv ## k|ltzt dlxnfsf] ;xeflutf tyf ljkGg, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt / hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df l7Ss k|ltlglwTj tyf cWoIf / ;lrj dWo] Ps dlxnf ePdf, k|d'v $ kbdf ! kb blnt tyf hghflt ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -pkef]Qmf ;ldltdf !) k|ltztb]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf Go"g ?kdf blnt / hghfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt ePdf, k|d'v $ kbdf ! kb dlxnf tyf ! kb blnt jf hghflt ePdf_

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n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;+j]bgzLn 5ljsf] ljsf;

tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• n}lËs lx+;fsf ph'/Ldf tTsfn sf/jfxL ug]{ ljz]if ;Dks{ JolQmsf] Joj:yf ePdf

• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL l;h{gfTds tyf 7f]; of]ubfg k'¥ofpg]sf nflu k'/:sf/ jf sb/ lbg] Joj:yf ul/Pdf

• hg ;Dks{sf ;fdu|Lx?df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ?kfGt/0fd"ns (Transformative) efiff, lrq / k|efjsf af/]df k|jw{g ug]{

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@=)sfof{Gjog / cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf -ljwfg tyf sfo{ of]hgfdf gLltut ;'lglZrttf_

@)

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of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltsf] ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{df a}7sx?df lgDg adf]lhd ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt tyf ;d'bfoaf6 %) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] ;+Vofdf dlxnf tyf ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vofsf] xf/fxf/Ldf blnt, ul/a, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] ;xeflutf ePdf_

• dWod -jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt tyf ;d'bfoaf6 %) b]lv ## k|ltzt dlxnf ;xeflutf tyf ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vofsf] cfwf/df l7Ss blnt, ul/a, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] ;xeflutf ePdf _

• ;fdfGo -jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt tyf ;d'bfoaf6 % b]lv #@ k|ltzt dlxnf ;xeflutf tyf ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vof eGbf s]xL sd blnt, ul/a, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{sf] ;xeflutf ePdf_

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@=@sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZrttf

!@

@=@=!

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf -kl/of]hgf :t/Lo tyf lhNnf :t/Lo_

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf sd{rf/L jf Joj:yfkg÷;dGjo ;ldltdf lgDgfg';f/ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;+nUgtf x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L dlxnf tyf hghflt, / !# k|ltzt blnt ePdf_

• dWod -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t @) b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf hghflt / % b]lv !@ k|ltzt blnt ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -% b]lv !( k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf hghflt / ! b]lv $ k|ltzt;Dd blnt ePdf_

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k|fKtf°

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a}7s tyf ;fwf/0f ;efdf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ubf{ / sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf ;xeflutf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• sDtLdf &% k|ltzt eGbf a9L pkef]Qmfx?df To;df klg dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf

• sDtLdf %! k|ltzt eGbf a9L pkef]Qmfx?sf], To;df klg dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf

• ;a} lg0f{ox¿ sfo{ ;ldltsf ax'dt ;b:o / s]xL cu'jf pkef]Qmfx?sf] dfq pkl:yltdf ug]{ kl/kf6L /x]sf]

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sfo{j|md cg'udg k|s[ofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx¿ ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf

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ljwfg tyf sfof{Gjog of]hgfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltsf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf] Joj:yf

;d"x tyf ;ldltsf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf nflu lgDg sfo{j|mdsf] gLltut Joj:yf ePdf tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• sDtLdf Ps k6s lg0f{o bIftf clea[l4 x'g] sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf

• k'gtf{huL sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf• sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?nfO{{ nlIft ul/Pdf

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Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf;, cflb sfo{j|mddf lgDgfg';f/ ;xefuL x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -%) k|ltzt jf a9L dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt_

• dWod -## b]lv %) k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt_

• ;fdfGo -% b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt_

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Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf; sfo{j|md, cflbsf] ljifoj:t' tyf ;xhLs/0f n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;+j]bgzLn ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;/f]sf/x?nfO{{ ;d]l6Psf] ePdf -h:t} ;xeflutf / ;zQmLs/0f, 3fF; bfp/f, ljp ljhgsf] ;+/If0f_

• kl/j]z hGo÷ljz]if n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn k|:t'tLs/0fsf] k|fjwfg

• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn ;xhLs/0f

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n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;+j]bgzLn clen]vLs/0f / l;sfO{

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• k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;Gbe{df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ljifosf] clen]vLs/0f

• clen]vLs/0f 6f]nLx?df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ljz]if1sf] ;xeflutf

• pkef]Qmf ;d"xx?af6 n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf l;sfOx?sf] b:tfj]hLs/0f

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of]hgf tyf sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn nfe kfpg] cg'kft lgDgfg';f/ ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -%) k|ltzt jf a9L nfe dlxnf, !% k|ltzt jf a9L nfe blnt_

• dWod -#) b]lv $( k|ltzt;Dd nfe dlxnf, ( b]lv !$ k|ltzt nfe blnt tyf u/La_

• ;fdfGo -% b]lv @( k|ltzt;Dd nfe dlxnf, @ b]lv * k|ltzt nfe blnt_

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;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{j|mdsf] dfu{bz{g, @)^% cg'?k ljkGgd'vL hLljsf]kfh{g

tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg ;lsG5, olb sfo{ of]hgf jdf]lhd cfh{g u/]sf] cfDbfgLaf6

• sDtLdf #% k|ltzt /sd ;xeflutfd"ns ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL, ljkGg ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf nflu nlIft sfo{j|mddf kl/rfng ug]{ Joj:yf / ;f]xL cg'?k vr{ eP gePsf] cg'udg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

• sDtLdf @) k|ltzt /sd ;xeflutfd"ns ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL, ljkGg ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf nflu nlIft sfo{j|mddf kl/rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

• sDtLdf !) k|ltzt /sd ;xeflutfd"ns ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL, ljkGg ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf nflu nlIft sfo{j|mddf kl/rfng ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

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n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f v08Ls[t nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f cg'udg, k/LIf0f tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf] Joj:yf

cfof]hgf÷sfo{j|mdsf] ;a} txdf lgDgfg';f/ n}lËs v08Ls[t ;"rgf / tYof°sf] clen]v /fVg] tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5 • k|ltkmndf dlxnf÷k'?if tyf ljleGg hghfltsf] leGgf leGg} ljj/0f cfpg] u/L cfof]hgf÷sfo{j|mdsf] clen]v /fv]]df • sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg tyf ;dLIffdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ePsf k|ultx¿ ;dfj]z ePdf • ;dLIffaf6 cfPsf l;sfOx?sf cfwf/df cfufdL jif{sf] of]hgf÷ah]6 th'{df ul/Pdf• ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k/LIf0f, k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

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dlxnfx?sf nflu /f]huf/Lsf] cj;/sf]

pknAwtf

;~rflnt sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn ;[lht /f]huf/Ldf ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf -h:t} ;fd'bflos jg ljsf; sfo{j|md dfu{bz{g cGtu{tsf hLljsf]kfh{g nufotsf sfo{df ;[lht cj;/df dlxnfx?sf] nflu dfq cf/If0f, k|fyldstf, cflb_ lgDgfg';f/ ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -## k|ltzt jf a9L_

• dWod -@) b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd_

• ;fdfGo -% b]lv !( k|ltzt;Dd_

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;~rflnt sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn ;[lht /f]huf/L afx]s cfo cfh{gsf jf j[lQ ljsf;sf cGo j}slNks cj;/x¿ ;[hgf x'g ;Sg] cj:yf ePdf -h:t} ljleGg k|fljlws tyf ;Lk ljsf; ;DaGwL sfo{j|mdaf6 ;[hgf x'g] j[lQ ljsf; / ahf/ ljsf; nufotsf sf/0f ;[lht j}slNks cj;/, cflb_

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^=!sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf ;xhtf / ;dosf] art

t'?Gt nfe x'g] tyf dlxnfsf] ;do art x'g] gofF k|ljlw, tf}/ tl/sfsf] k|of]usf] Joj:yf ePdf -h:t} jgsf] hl8a'6L ;+sng, jg pTkfbg k|zf]wgsf gofF dlxnfd}qL k|ljlwx¿, kfos kg]{ 7fpFdf ;fd'bflos jg, tyf sa'lnotL jg, cflb_

@

^=@


k/Dk/fut e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] k|of; ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• ljleGg If]qdf k/Dk/fut ?kdf ul/g] >d ljefhg eGbf leGg k|s[ltsf] sfo{df -d"No tyf :t/ clea[l4 ;lxt_ dlxnfx?sf] e"ldsfdf ?kfGt/0f x'g] Joj:yf ePdf h:t} jg k}bfjf/sf] Joj;flos v]tLdf ;+nUgtf a9fpg] sfo{j|mdx¿, jg /]Gh/, jg:klt lj1, cflb tof/ ug]{ sfo{j|md

• dlxnfx?sf] cj}tlgs sfdsf] dxTj, 3/fo;L sfddf dlxnfsf] ljz]if af]em af/] k|lzIf0f tyf k|rf/ ;fdu|Ldf 5nkmn ePdf

• o:tf 3/fo;L sfddf k'?ifsf] ;xeflutf clea[l4 u/L ;xsfo{sf] efjgfnfO{{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{] ;sf/fTds Joj:yf ePdf

!

!

!

hDdf c°ef/ !))

21

c°ef/ ;f/f+z

qm=;+ ;"rsf°x¿ c°ef/k|fKt

c°ef/


@ sfof{Gjog / cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf -ljwfg tyf sfo{ of]hgfdf gLltut ;'lglZrttf_

@)

# dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

@%

$ sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] nflu nfe tyf lgoGq0fdf ;'lglZrttf

@)


^ dlxnfx?sf] ;dosf] k|of]udf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ tyf sfo{ af]emdf sdL %

hDdf c°ef/ !))

!

@

#

juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/

juL{s/0f

ah]6 sf]8

ljleGg ;

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pk

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flu lgwf{/

0f ul/Ps

f]

c°ef/sf]

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@) eGbf sd ePdf

ljleGg ;"rs ty

f pk

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f] s'n of]u %) jf ;

f] eGbf a9L ePdf

k|ToIf n}lË

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ck|ToIf n

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22


!= ^=

@= &=

#= *=

$= (=

%= !)=

23

@=# ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldlt

xl/of] jg sfo{j|md cGtu{t ljleGg ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltx?df ;+/If0f / cfGtl/s ;'zf;g k|jw{gsf sfo{x¿ ;~rfng ul/Psf 5g\ . oL ;ldltx?sf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL dfkgsf] lglDt tflnsf # sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

tflnsf # M ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9f“rf

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] gfd M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

7]ufgf M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

ldlt M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =



k|fKtf°


!=!

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL k|lta4tf

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL k|lta4tf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL k|lta4tfsf lglDt pkef]Qmfx?sf] cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt kof{Kt dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

• dWod -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL k|lta4tfsf lglDt cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt dfgjLo tyf cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

• ;fdfGo -n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL k|lta4tfsf lglDt cled'vLs/0f, sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cfly{s ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf_

$

#

@

!=@

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f

d"ns sfo{ of]hgfsf] cfjlws ;dLIff

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] pkef]Qmfx?åf/f n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fd'vL sfo{ of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf] ;dLIff ug]{, ;a} txdf ;'wf/sf nflu lqmofsnfkx?sf] klxrfg ug]{, sfof{Gjog ug]{ / a}7sx?df o; ;DaGwL hfgsf/L cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ ;+oGq ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -dfly plNnlvt ;a} sfo{ ePdf_

• dWod -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] / bf]>f] sfo{ ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] sfo{ ePdf_

$

#

@

24



k|fKtf°

!=#

n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt -h:t} pk ;ldlt cGtu{tsf cfdf / dlxnf ;d"x_

n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ljlzi6 sfo{ ljj/0f ;lxtsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldlt u7g -pk ;ldlt cGtu{tsf cfdf / dlxnf ;d"x_, ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] cfjlws ;dLIffTds a}7s, sfof{Gjog / cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sgsf l;sfO{ cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ ;+oGq ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -dfly plNnlvt ;a} sfo{ ePdf_• dWod -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] / bf]>f] sfo{ ePdf• ;fdfGo -dfly plNnlvt klxnf] sfo{ ePdf_

$

#

@

!=$

n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;+j]bgzLn 5ljsf] ljsf; -h:t} pk ;ldlt cGtu{tsf cfdf / dlxnf ;d"x_


• n}lËs lx+;fsf ph'/Ldf tTsfn sf/jfxL ug]{ ljz]if Joj:yf ePdf h:t} n}lËs lx+;f Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ;+:yfut gLlt, n}lËs lx+;f Joj:yfkgsf lglDt ljz]if sfo{ bn u7g ug]{ Joj:yfsf] k|fjwfg ePdf

• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL l;h{gfTds sfd tyf 7f]; of]ubfgsf lglDt k'/:sf/ jf sb/ lbg] Joj:yf ul/Pdf

• hg ;Dks{sf ;fdu|Lx¿ h:t} k|ult k|ltj]bg, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, cflbdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ?kfGt/0fd"ns (Transformative) efiff, lrq / k|efjsf af/]df k|jw{g ug]{

#

#

@

@=)of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf -;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfo{ of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf ;xeflutf_

@)

@=!

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfo{ of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

ljleGg of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{df a}7sx?df lgDg adf]lhd ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -ljleGg txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lg0ff{os txsf %) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;+nUgtf ePdf / :yfgLo :t/df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm nufot ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg :yfgLo pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;fem]bf/af6 %) k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9Lsf] ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] ;xeflutf ePdf_

$

25



k|fKtf°

• dWod -ljleGg txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lg0ff{os txsf ## b]lv $( k|ltzt ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;+nUgtf ePdf / :yfgLo :t/df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm nufot ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;fem]bf/af6 ## b]lv $( k|ltzt;Dd ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] ;xeflutf ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -ljleGg txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm tyf lg0ff{os txsf ## k|ltzt eGbf sd ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx¿ / :yfgLo pkef]Qmfx?sf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] ePdf / :yfgLo :t/df pkef]Qmfx¿, ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg :yfgLo pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;fem]bf/af6 ## k|ltzt eGbf sd ;+Vofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] ;xeflutf ePdf_

#

@

@=@sfof{Gjog / cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf

!@

@=@=!

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf -kl/of]hgf tyf kl/of]hgf afx]ssf sfo{j|md_

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf :yfgLo pkef]Qmf jf Joj:yfkg÷ ;dGjo ;ldltdf lgDgfg';f/ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;+nUgtf x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L dlxnf tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ljleGg hfthfltsf dlxnf tyf hghflt / !# k|ltzt blnt ePdf_

• dWod -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t @) b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ljleGg hfthfltsf dlxnf tyf hghflt, % b]lv !@ k|ltzt blnt ePdf_

• ;fdfGo -% b]lv !( k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ljleGg hfthfltsf dlxnf tyf hghflt, ! b]lv $ k|ltzt;Dd blnt ePdf_

^

%

#

26



k|fKtf°

@=@=@

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltsf]

clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf] Joj:yf


• dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ubf{ / sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf &% k|ltzt eGbf a9L :yfgLo pkef]Qmfx?sf], To;df klg dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf

• dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ ubf{ / sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf %! k|ltzt eGbf a9L pkef]Qmfx?sf], To;df klg dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt /xg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf

• ;a} lg0f{ox¿ sfo{;ldltsf ax'dt ;b:o / s]xL cu'jf pkef]Qmf -cu'jf k'?if_ x¿sf] pkl:yltdf dfq ug]{ kl/kf6L /x]sf]

^

#

)

@=#



• sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog / cg'udg k|s[ofdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm, dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx¿ ;d]tsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf

• sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm, dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 eg] cg'udg k|s[ofdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutfnfO{ dfq ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf

• sfo{j|md sfof{Gjog k|s[ofdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / ;/f]sf/jfnf k|ltlglwx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg] k|fjwfg ePsf] t/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog k|efjsf/L eP gePsf] cg'udg ug{sf lglDt ;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQmsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ dfq ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] ePdf

$

#

!

27



k|fKtf°

#=)dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

@%

#=!


;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf] nflu lgDg sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• sDtLdf Ps k6s bIftf clea[l4 x'g] sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf

• k'gtf{huL sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf• sfo{j|mddf ljz]if ju{sf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?nfO{{ nlIft ul/Pdf

@

@

@

#=@

Ifdtf clea[l4 sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltx?sf]

;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf;, cflb sfo{j|mddf lgDgfg';f/ dlxnf ;xefuL x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -%) k|ltzt jf a9L dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt_ • dWod -## b]lv %) k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt_• ;fdfGo -% b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] ;dfg'kflts pkl:ylt_

^

$

@

#=#


Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf; sfo{j|md, cflbsf] ljifoj:t' tyf ;xhLs/0f n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;+j]bgzLn ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;/f]sf/x?nfO{{ ;d]l6Psf] ePdf -h:t} ;xeflutf / ;zQmLs/0f, 3fF; bfp/f, lap lahg, jGohGt'sf] ;+/If0f, hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;Gbe{df k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg tyf ;+/If0fdf dlxnfsf] tyf ljleGg ju{sf] e"ldsf_ • kl/j]zhGo÷ljz]if n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn k|:t'tLs/0f / ;xhLs/0f, h:t} ;/n efiff / lrqx?sf] k|of]u, :yfgLo ;|f]t JolQmx?4f/f ljleGg kl/j]z ;'xfpF+bf] pbfx/0f

#

@

28



k|fKtf°

• dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] cfjZostfdf cfwfl/t ;do / :yfgsf] rog

@

#=$

n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;+j]bgzLn l;sfO{

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldlt cGtu{tsf ljleGg kl/of]hgfx?sf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf l;sfOx?sf] clen]vLs/0f

^


@)

$=!


of]hgf tyf sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn nfe kfpg] dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] cg'kft lgDgfg';f/ ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg] • pQd -%) k|ltzt jf a9L nfe dlxnf, !% k|ltzt jf a9L nfe blnt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ljleGg hfthfltx¿_ • dWod -#) b]lv $( k|ltzt;Dd nfe dlxnf, ( b]lv !$ k|ltzt nfe blnt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ljleGg hfthfltx¿_• ;fdfGo -% b]lv @( k|ltzt;Dd nfe dlxnf, @ b]lv * k|ltzt nfe blnt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ljleGg hfthfltx¿_

*

^

$

$=@

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltx?nfO{{ nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ah]6sf] ;'lglZrttf


• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;dflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|j4{gsf nflu klxrfg ePsf sfo{j|mdsf nflu kof{Kt /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf]

• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|jw{s sfo{j|mdsf nflu ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd ;f]xL sfddf vr{ x'g] ;'lglZrttf ePdf

#

@

29



k|fKtf°

$=#

n}l·s tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zL v08Ls[t nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f n]vfhf]vf, k/LIf0f tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf] Joj:yf

;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldlt cGtu{tsf] cfof]hgf÷sfo{j|mdsf] ;a} txdf lgDgfg';f/ n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f v08Ls[t ;"rgf / tYof°sf] clen]v /fVg] tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• k|ltkmndf dlxnf÷k'?if tyf ljleGg hfthfltsf] leGgf leGg} ljj/0f cfpg] u/L cfof]hgf÷sfo{j|mdsf] clen]v /fv]]df

• sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg tyf ;dLIffdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ePsf k|ultx¿ ;dfj]z ePdf

• ;dLIffaf6 cfPsf l;sfOx?sf cfwf/df cfufdL jif{sf] of]hgf÷ah]6 th'{df ul/Pdf

• ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f n]vfhf]vf, k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

@

@

!

@


%=!

dlxnfx?sf] nflu /f]huf/Lsf]

cj;/sf] pknAwtf

;~rflnt sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn ;[lht /f]huf/Ldf ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf -h:t} jg tyf jGohGt' ;+/If0f nufot cGo ljsf; sfo{j|mddf ;[lht cj;/df dlxnfx?sf] k|fyldstf, cflb_ lgDgfg';f/ ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]




^

$

@

%=@


;~rflnt sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn ;[lht /f]huf/L afx]s cfo cfh{gsf jf j[lQ ljsf;sf cGo j}slNks cj;/x¿ ;[hgf x'g ;Sg] cj:yf ePdf -h:t} ljleGg k|fljlws tyf l;k ljsf; ;DaGwL sfo{j|mdaf6 ;[hgf x'g] j[lQ ljsf; / ahf/ ljsf; nufotsf sf/0f ;[lht j}slNks cj;/ cflb_

$

30



k|fKtf°


^=!

sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf ;xhtf / ;dosf] art

t'?Gt nfe x'g] tyf dlxnfsf] ;do art x'g] gofF k|ljlw, tf}/ tl/sfsf] k|of]usf] Joj:yf ePdf -h:t} jgsf] hl8a'6L ;+sng, jg pTkfbg k|zf]wgsf gofF dlxnfd}qL k|ljlwx¿ pbfx/0fsf nflu ;'wfl/Psf] r'Nxf], afof] UofF;, kfos kg]{ 7fpFdf ;fd'bflos jg, tyf sa'lnotL jg, vfg]kfgL ;+/rgf, cflb_

@

^=@


k/Dk/fut e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] k|of; ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• ljleGg If]qdf k/Dk/fut ?kdf ul/g] >d ljefhg eGbf leGg k|s[ltsf] sfo{df -d"No tyf :t/ clea[l4 ;lxt_ dlxnfx?sf] e"ldsfdf ?kfGt/0f x'g] Joj:yf ePdf h:t} jg k}bfjf/sf] Joj;flos v]tLdf ;+nUgtf a9fpg] sfo{j|mdx¿, jg /]Gh/, jg:klt lj1, cflb tof/ ug]{ sfo{j|md

• dlxnfx?sf] cj}tlgs sfdsf] dxTj, 3/fo;L sfddf dlxnfsf] ljz]if af]em af/] k|lzIf0f tyf k|rf/ ;fdu|Ldf 5nkmn ePdf

• o:tf 3/fo;L sfddf k'?ifsf] ;xeflutf clea[l4 u/L ;xsfo{sf] efjgfnfO{{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{] ;sf/fTds Joj:yf ePdf

!

!

!

hDdf c°ef/ !))

c°ef/ ;f/f+z

qm=;+= ;"rsf°x¿ c°ef/k|fKt

c°ef/


@of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf -;+/If0f If]q Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfo{ of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf ;xeflutf_

@)

#dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

@%


@)


^ dlxnfx?sf] ;dosf] k|of]udf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ tyf sfo{ af]emdf sdL %

hDdf c°ef/ !))

31

!

@

#

juL{s/0fsf] cfwf/

juL{s/0f

ah]6 sf]8

ljleGg ;

"rs tyf

pk

;"rssf n

flu lgwf{/

0f ul/Ps

f]

c°ef/sf]

s'n of]u

@) jf ;f]

eGbf

dfly t/ %

) eGbf s

d ePdf



@) eGbf sd ePdf

ljleGg ;"rs ty

f pk

;"rssf n


°ef/s

f] s'n of]u %) jf ;


n}lËs pQ

/bfoL


ck|ToIf n

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!= ^=

@= &=

#= *=

$= (=

%= !)=

32

@=$= ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt -uflj;_ tyf lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt -lhlj;_

xl/of] jg sfo{j|md cGtu{t :yfgLo txsf ljsf; sfo{x?df h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f, e"–kl/lw Joj:yfkg / hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ngsf ljifoj:t'nfO{ d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug]{ k|of; ul/G5 . o;sf lglDt :yfgLo ljsf; tyf ah]6 th'{df k|lqmofx¿ slQsf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL 5 eg]/ ljZn]if0f ug{sf lglDt ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnosf nflu n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9fFrfdf cfwfl/t dfkg tflnsf $ sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . o; ljZn]if0fn] :yfgLo txdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] xs lxtsf lglDt ah]6 k}/jL ug{ ;3fpFb5 .

tflnsf $ M uflj; tyf lhlj; :t/df n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9f“rf -;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfnosf] nflu n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkg 9fFrfdf cfwfl/t_

:yfgLo lgsfosf] gfd M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

7]ufgf M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =

ldlt M = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =



k|fKtf°

!=) of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf

@)

!=!

of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltx?sf] ;xeflutf

dGqfno tyf lhNnf :t/sf of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{df a}7sx?df lgDg adf]lhd ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd M lhNnf / ufpF :t/sf] sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt -;]jf k|bfos lgsfosf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf sd{rf/L, pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf ;b:o / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;d"xsf k|ltlglw_ x¿sf] ;xeflutf ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf Af9Lsf] ;+Vofdf ePdf • dWod M lhNnf / ufpF :t/sf] sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt -;]jf k|bfos lgsfosf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf sd{rf/L, pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf ;b:o / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;d"xsf k|ltlglw_ x¿sf] ;xeflutf @) b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd ePdf• ;fdfGo M lhNnf / ufpF :t/sf] sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{dfdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt -;]jf k|bfos lgsfosf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf sd{rf/L, pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf ;b:o / cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;d"xsf k|ltlglw_ x¿sf] ;xeflutf % b]lv !( k|ltzt;Dd ePdf

$

#

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33



k|fKtf°

!=@ sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf !@

!=@=!

kl/of]hgf tyf lhNnf :t/sf sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf ;+nUg dlxnf sd{rf/L jf Joj:yfkg÷;dGjo ;ldltdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt k|ltlglwsf] ;+nUgtf lgDg cg';f/ x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• pQd -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L_

• dWod -lg0ff{os kbdf ;d]t @) b]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd_


$

#

@

!=@=@

sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogsf nflu ag]sf ;+/rgf -;/f]sf/÷ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt nufot_ x¿sf] lg0ff{os txdf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

ljifout sfof{Gjogsf nflu ag]sf ;+/rgf -;/f]sf/÷Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf, cfdf ;d"x, blnt tyf hghflt g]6js{ tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnf ;d"x_ x¿sf lg0ff{os tx / kbsf kbflwsf/Lx?df dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]• pQd -lg0ff{os tx / ;ldltdf ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L_ • dWod -lg0ff{os txdf ## k|ltzt t/ ;ldltdf ## k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L_ • ;fdfGo -lg0ff{os tx / ;ldltdf !) k|ltztb]lv #@ k|ltzt;Dd_

$

#

@

!=@=#

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltsf] clgjfo{ pkl:ylt

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] clgjfo{ pkl:ylt ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• of]hgf Joj:yfkg tyf sfof{Gjog a}7sdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] clgjfo{ pkl:ylt x'g' kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] ePdf

• of]hgf Joj:yfkg tyf sfof{Gjog a}7sdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf nflu s'g} klg Joj:yf gul/Pdf

$

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34



k|fKtf°

!=#

cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf

cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]

• cg'udg of]hgfdf dlxnf jf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm jf ;/f]sf/sf dlxnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

• cg'udg of]hgfdf dlxnf jf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dks{ JolQm jf ;/f]sf/sf dlxnf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ s'g} klg Joj:yf gePdf

$

)

@=) dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

@)

@=!


;d"x tyf ;ldltx?df dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf] nflu lgDg sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• sDtLdf Ps k6s lg0f{o bIftf clea[l4 x'g] sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf

• k'gtf{huL sfo{j|mdsf] Joj:yf ePdf • sfo{j|mddf ljz]if ju{sf dlxnfx?nfO{{ nlIft ul/Pdf

@

@

@

@=@

Ifdtf clea[l4 sfo{j|mddf dlxnf ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf

Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf;, cflb sfo{j|mddf lgDgfg';f/ dlxnf ;xefuL x'g] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg]




&

%

#

35



k|fKtf°

@=#

n}l·s tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn ljifoj:t' ÷kl/j]z

Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf; sfo{j|md, cflbsf] ljifoj:t' n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf ;/f]sf/x?nfO{{ ;d]l6Psf] ePdf • kl/j]zhGo÷ljz]if n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn k|:t'tLs/0fsf] k|fjwfg

$

#

#=)sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] nflu nfe tyf lgoGq0fdf ;'lglZrttf -cGo nlIft ju{sf sfo{j|mddf ;d]t_

#)

#=!

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltnfO{{ nfesf] ;'lglZrttf

of]hgf tyf sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn nfe kfpg] dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] cg'kft lgDgfg';f/ ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg] • pQd -dlxnf %) k|ltzt jf a9L, blnt tyf hghflt ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vofsf] a/fa/Ldf_ • dWod -dlxnf #) b]lv $( k|ltzt;Dd, blnt tyf hghflt ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vofsf] a/fa/Ldf_ • ;fdfGo -dlxnf % b]lv @( k|ltzt;Dd, blnt tyf hghflt ;dfg'kflts hg;+Vof eGbf sd ePdf_

*

^

$

#=@

dlxnfx?nfO{{ nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu n}l°s cGt/, dlxnfsf ljz]if cfjZostf / cj/f]wx?sf] klxrfg tyf ;Daf]wg

If]qut lgsfosf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf /x]sf n}lËs cGt/ (Gaps), dlxnfsf ljz]if /0fgLlts cfjZostf / cj/f]wx?sf] -s= cfly{s ;|f]tdf sd kx'Fr h:t} :yfgLo lgsfoaf6 lng' kg]{ ljleGg k|df0f jf l;kmfl/;sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ z'Ns ltg{ g;Sg] cj:yfÙ v= sd z}lIfs :t/, u= dlxnfx?n] kfpg' kg]{ ;dfg nfe ;Fu hf]l8Psf kIfx?sf] a'emfOsf] cj:yf ;fy} lxF88'ndf aGb]h h:t} :yfgLo txdf ;xeflutf / pknAw nfesf nflu cfjthfjtdf /x]sf] cj/f]w_ klxrfg ug]{ / ;f] ;dfwfg ug]{ sfo{j|md ePdf, tnsf cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Ps 5fGg] • pQd -dfly klxrfg ul/Psf ltg j6} cj/f]w ;Daf]wg ug{] Joj:yf ePdf_ • dWod -dfly klxrfg ul/Psf s'g} b'O{ j6f cj/f]w ;Daf]wg ug{] Joj:yf ePdf_ • ;fdfGo -dfly klxrfg ul/Psf s'g} Ps cj/f]w ;Daf]wg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf_

^

$

@

36



k|fKtf°

#=#

dlxnfx?nfO{{ nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu n}l·sd}qL sfof{Gjog ;+oGq tyf jftfj/0f

gLltut, ;+/rgfut tyf sfd ug]{ jftfj/0fnfO{ n}lËsd}qL agfpg lgDg Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• P]g, lgod, ljlgod, sfo{ ljlw, lgb]{lzsf, cflbn] n}lËsd}qL k|fjwfg -;dfgtf k|j4{g ug{ / lje]bsf/L k|fjwfg x6fpg_ tyf sfo{ :ynnfO{{ dlxnf lx+;f d'Qm agfpg] -cfrf/ ;+lxtf, ph'/L ;'gjfO{ Joj:yf, cflb_ kxnnfO{ pNn]v u/]sf] ePdf

• dlxnfsf ljz]if cfjZostfnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ ef}lts ;'ljwf -leGg zf}rfno, aRrfnfO{{ :tgkfg u/fpg] :yfg, dlxnfd}qL sfof{no n]—cfp6, cflb_ sf] Joj:yf ePdf

• sd{rf/Lx?nfO{{ n}lËs pQ/bfoL ;]jf k|jfx ;DawL lqmofsnfk -n}lËs ;dfgtf k|j4{g ug]{ sfo{j|mdx?af/] hfgsf/Ld"ns ;"rgf k|jfxsf] Joj:yf, gful/s j8f kq, e|d0f, cled"vLs/0f, tflnd, cflb_ sf] af/]df hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf ePdf

#

@

@

#=$

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltx?nfO{ nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ah]6sf] Joj:yf

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?nfO{ nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu ah]6sf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|j4{gsf nflu klxrfg ePsf sfo{j|mdsf nflu kof{Kt /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] ePdf

• n}lËs ;dfgtf / ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|jw{s sfo{j|mdsf nflu ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] /sd ;f]xL sfddf vr{ x'g] ;'lglZrttf ePdf

!

!

37



k|fKtf°

#=%

n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f v08Ls[t nfesf] ;'lglZrttfsf nflu n}l·s ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f cg'udg, k/LIf0f tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf] Joj:yf

cfof]hgf÷ sfo{j|mdsf] ;a} txdf lgDgfg';f/ n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f v08Ls[t ;"rgf / tYof°sf] clen]v /fVg] tyf k|efj d"Nofª\sgsf] nflu lgDg adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ePdf, tnsf cj:yf cg';f/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5

• k|ltkmndf dlxnf÷k'?if tyf ljleGg hfthfltsf] leGgf leGg} ljj/0f cfpg] u/L cfof]hgf÷ sfo{j|mdsf] clen]v /fv]]df

• lhlj; tyf uflj; / dftxt lgsfosf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg tyf ;dLIffdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL ePsf k|ultx¿ ;dfj]z ePdf

• n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;'lglZrt ug{ ljlgof]lht ah]6 ;f]xL sfddf vr{ eP gePsf] n]vfhf]vf ul/Pdf

• ;dLIffaf6 cfPsf l;sfOx?sf cfwf/df cfufdL jif{sf] of]hgf÷ah]6 th'{df ul/Pdf

• ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f n]vfhf]vf, k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

@

!

!

!

@

$=) dlxnfx?sf] /f]huf/L tyf cfo cfh{gdf clea[l4 @)

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dlxnfx?sf] nflu /f]huf/L cj;/sf] pknAwtf

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• ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdaf6 tTsfn ;[lht /f]huf/L afx]s cfo cfh{gsf jf j[lQ ljsf;sf cGo j}slNks cj;/x¿ -h:t} ljleGg k|fljlws tyf l;k ljsf; ;DaGwL sfo{j|mdaf6 ;[hgf x'g] j[lQ ljsf; / ahf/ ljsf; nufotsf sf/0f ;[lht j}slNks cj;/, cflb_ ;[hgf x'g] Joj:yfsf] ;'lglZrttf ul/Psf] ePdf

• dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] klxrfg u/L cfo cfh{gsf j}slNks cj;/ jf j[lQ ljsf;sf cj;/df ;+nUg u/fpg] pko'Qm ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yf ePdf

• cfo cfh{g tyf j[lQ ljsf;sf cj;/x?df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f n]vfhf]vf, k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

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!)

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k/Dk/fut n}l·s e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu ljz]if sfo{j|md

k/Dk/fut n}lËs e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu ljz]if sfo{j|md -h:t} n}lËs e"ldsfdf ax;, tflnd, uf]i7L, e|d0f, dlxnf / aflnsf ;DaGwL lbjl;o sfo{j|md, cflb_ ;~rfngsf nflu /sd ljlgof]hg u/LPsf] ePdf

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k/Dk/fut ?kdf dlxnfx?n] ul/cfPsf sfdsf nflu /sd ljlgof]hg

k/Dk/fut ?kdf dlxnfx?n] ul/cfPsf sfdsf nflu sd ;do / sd >d nfUg] k|ljlwsf] vf]hL / k|jw{gsf nflu /sd ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] ePdf

#

%=#n}l·s e"ldsf kl/jt{g

n}lËs e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu ;~rflnt sfo{j|md / 3/ leqsf] sfdsf nflu sd ;do / sd >d nfUg] k|ljlwx?sf] k|efjsfl/tf d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yf ePdf

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hDdf c°ef/ !))

39

c°ef/ ;f/f+z

qm=;+ ;"rsf°x¿ c°ef/k|fKt c°ef/

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@ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

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# sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] nflu nfe tyf lgoGq0fdf ;'lglZrttf -cGo nlIft ju{sf sfo{j|mddf ;d]t_

#)

$ dlxnfx?sf] /f]huf/L tyf cfo cfh{gdf clea[l4 @)

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hDdf c°ef/ !))

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41

;/sf/L, u}/ ;/sf/L tyf cGo lgsfox?sf] sfo{j|md n}lËs pQ/bfoL eP gePsf] dfkg ug{sf lglDt ljleGg cfwf/x¿ x'G5g\ . To;df klg ;+:yfut k|lta4tf tyf hjfkmb]xLtf Ps k|d'v cfwf/ xf] . o;nfO{ dfkg ug{ ljleGg ;"rs tyf pk ;"rsx¿ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf 5g\ . pko'Qm dfkg 9fFrfx?sf] k|of]u u/]/ xl/of] jg sfo{j|md, ;fd'bflos ;+3 ;+:yf, ;+/If0f If]q ;fy ;fy} :yfgLo ljsf; sfo{j|mdx?sf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;lsG5 . oL 9fFrfx?nfO{ cfjZostf tyf cg'ejsf cfwf/df cem a9L ;/n / pkof]uL agfpg qmlds ?kdf kl/dfh{g ub}{ n}hfg ;lsG5 .

#= pk;+xf/

42

n}l·s pQ/bfoL ah]6 dfkgsf] ;"rs tyf pk–;"rsx?sf sfo{ut JofVof(Operational definition of Gender Responsive Budgeting measurement indicators and sub Indicators)

n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 ljZn]z0f ubf{ – sfo{j|mdx?sf] ah]6 th'{df k|lqmofdf, ;DalGwt sfo{j|mdx¿ n}lËs pQ/bfoL eP gePsf] dfkg ug{ ;"rsx¿ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf x'G5g\ . dfkg 9fFrfdf k|To]s ;"rs, pk ;"rs tyf ltgLx?sf] k/LIf0f cfwf/, Ps csf{sf] ;DaGwdf pNn]v ul/Psf x'G5g\ . ;/f]sf/sf kIfx?n] cf–cfgf] sfo{j|mdx?sf] d"Nofª\sg u/L, x/]s sfo{j|mdsf nflu dfkg 9fFrfdf pNn]v u/] cg';f/ c°ef/ lbg' kb{5 . k/LIf0f ;"rLdf plNnlvt cj:yfsf] cfwf/df pQd, dWod / ;fdfGo u/L juL{s/0f ug'sf ;fy}, ;f]xL cg'?k c°ef/ lgwf{/0f ug' kb{5 . d"n ;"rssf pk ;"rs / k/LIf0f ;"rLdf lgwf{l/t c°ef/, ltg k|sf/af6 /flvPsf x'G5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu tflnsf ! df xl/of] jg sfo{j|md tyf ;fem]bf/ ;+:Yffx?sf] n}lËs pQ/bfoL dfkg 9fFrfdf qm=;+ !=!, !=@, !=#, @=!, @=@=!, @=@=@, @=#, #=@, $=!, %=! Dff plNnlvt ltg cj:yfx¿ dWo] s'g} Pssf] nflu dfq c° lbg' kg]{ x'G5 . To;}u/L qm=;+ %=@ / ^=! Dff eg] Pp6f cj:yf dfq pNn]v ul/Psf] 5, To;sf/0f ;f] df dfq c° lbg' kg]{ x'G5 . cGtdf qm=;+ !=$, #=!, #=#, #=$, $=@, $=# / ^=@ df Ps eGbf a9L cj:yfsf] pNn]v eP klg cj:yf cg';f/ k|To]sdf jf s]xLdf dfq klg c° lbg ;lsG5 .

;"rs ! M ;+:yfut k|lta4tf / hjfkmb]xLtf -tflnsf ! b]lv # ;Dd_;"rs @ M of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf;"rs # M dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f;"rs $ M sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf nflu nfe tyf lgoGq0fdf ;'lglZrttf ;"rs % M dlxnfx?sf] /f]huf/L tyf cfo cfh{gdf clea[l4;"rs ^ M dlxnfx?sf] ;dosf] k|of]udf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ tyf sfo{ af]emdf sdL

;"rs ! M ;+:yfut k|lta4tf / hjfkmb]xLtf -tflnsf ! b]lv # ;Dd_

n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|jw{g ug{sf lglDt ;+:yfut k|lta4tf / hjfkmb]xLtf k|d'v cfwf/ ePsfn], o;df hDdf @) c°ef/ lbOPsf] 5 . o;df n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLltx?sf] sfof{Gjog tyf cfjlws ;dLIffsf ;fy ;fy} ljleGg dfgjLo ;|f]t / ;Nnfxsf/ ;ldltsf] Joj:yf h:tf pk ;"rsx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ . ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] xsdf eg] jg If]qsf] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLltsf ;fy} ;fd'bflos jg

cg';"rL

43

ljsf; sfo{j|mdsf] dfu{bz{g, @)^% nfO{ klg ljz]if hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] u7g ug'{ kb{5 . o;/L ;ldlt u7g ubf{ ;a} ju{sf pkef]Qmf h:t} dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx¿sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ug'{ kb{5 . ;ldltdf blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx¿ ;d]t k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L slDtdf %) k|ltzt dlxnfsf] clgjfo{ Joj:yf ug'{ kb{5 . afFsL %) k|ltztdf klg blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx¿sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj x'g' kb{5 . cWoIf / ;lrj dWo] Ps hgf dlxnf xg' kg]{ 5 . ;ldlt u7g ubf{ ;a} 6fnsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kb{5 .

n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|jw{gsf nflu ;+j]bgzLn 5ljsf] ljsf;, csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . o;df n}lËs lx+;f ;DaGwL ph'/Lx¿ tTsfn sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{ h:tf ljz]if Joj:yf /flvPsf] 5 h:t} n}lËs lx+;f Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL ;+:yfut gLlt, n}lËs lx+;f Joj:yfkgsf lglDt ljz]if sfo{ bn u7gsf] k|fjwfg, cflb . o;sf ;fy}, n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;DaGwL l;h{gfTds sfd tyf 7f]; of]ubfgsf lglDt k'/:sf/ jf sb/ lbg] Joj:yf h:tf ljifo klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . hg ;Dks{sf ;fdu|Lx¿, h:t} k|ult k|ltj]bg, ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L, j]e ;fO6, cflbdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] ?kfGt/0fd"ns (transformative) efiff, lrqsf ;fy ;fy} k|ultsf] ;fdu|Lx¿ pNn]v x'g] h:tf pk ;"rsx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .

;"rs @ M of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf

o; ;"rsn] of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutf vf]Hb5 . o; ;"rs dfkm{t of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf oL ju{x?sf] ;+VofTds / u'0ffTds ;+nUgtfnfO{{ x]g{ vf]lhPsf] 5 . of]hgf÷ah]6 th'{df k|lqmofdf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{x?sf] ;xeflutfn] n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf] nIo k|flKtdf ;xof]u k'Ub5 . o; ;"rsdf of]hgf th'{df a}7sdf, of]hgf sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;fy} sfo{j|mdsf] cg'udg ubf{ oL ju{x?sf] ;+VofTds / u'0ffTds ;xeflutfsf] cfwf/df k/LIf0f ug{ ;"rLx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ . o; ;"rsnfO{ lgDg lnlvt ltg v08df ljefhg u/L pk ;"rsx¿ lbOPsf 5g\\-s_ of]hgf, sfo{j|md tyf ah]6 th'{df k|lqmofdf ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf -v_ sfof{Gjog / cg'udgdf ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf tyf -u_ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg

tyf clen]vLs/0f

of]hgf tyf ah]6 th'{df j|mddf s]Gb|n] s]Gb|Lo / :yfgLo txdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt / k'?ifsf] ;xeflutfsf] ;+VofTds cg'kftnfO{{ x]g'{ kb{5 . cfk"mnfO{{ k|efj kfg]{ ljifodf, ;/f]sf/sf kIfsf ?kdf /x]sf oL ju{x?sf ;+nUgtf, clwsf/sf] ljifo ePsf] / o;n] th'{dfs} j|mddf oL ju{x?sf ;/f]sf/ tyf cfjZostfx?nfO{{ a'‰g / ;Daf]wg ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] x'G5 . o;sf nflu of]hgf tyf ah]6 th'{df ubf{ s]Gb|Lo :t/df lg0ff{os txsf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt sd{rf/L ;fy} n}lËs OsfOsf ;Dks{ JolQm ;Fu k/fdz{ u/] gu/]sf] cfwf/df ljleGg c° lbg' kb{5 .

44

sfof{Gjog / cg'udgdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] ;xeflutfn], nfedf oL ju{x?sf] kx'FrnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ ;xof]u k'Ug] dfq geO{, oL ju{x?sf] /fhgLlts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs ;zQmLs/0fdf klg of]ubfg k'¥ofpFb5 . sfof{Gjogdf ;xeflutf tyf lg0f{o ug]{ k|lqmofdf ;xeflutfsf ;fy} cg'udgdf oL ju{x?sf] ;xeflutfsf cfwf/df o; pk ;"rsnfO{{ b'O{ v08 -sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] Joj:yf / dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷ hfthfltsf] clgjfo{ pkl:yltsf] Joj:yf_ df ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf nflu s'n !@ c° lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

;"rs # M dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0f

dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0fdf xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] ljz]if e"ldsf v]n]sf] x'g] x'Fbf, o; ;"rs cGtu{t lgwf{l/t pk ;"rsx?sf nflu s'n @% c°ef/ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . e]befjo'Qm n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs e"ldsf, k/fk"j{sfnb]lv rn]sf] e]befj, zlQmsf] c;Gt'lnt cj:yf, cflbsf sf/0f dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx¿ /fHoaf6 pknAw u/fOg], sltko ;'ljwf pkef]u ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfdf x'G5g\\\ . 1fg / l;ksf] sdL tyf cj;/sf] cefjn] ubf{ oL ju{x¿ cfd ?kdf lg0f{o ug]{ :yfgdf k'Ug ;Sb}gg\, k'u] klg ;Ifd eP/ lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . ctM n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f k|j4{gsf nflu dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf] Ifdtf clea[l4, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]vLs/0fdf ah]6sf] ;'lglZrttf x'g' cfjZos 5 . lg0ff{os txdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] pkl:ylt cf}krfl/stfdf ;Lldt /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] k|d'v sf/0f oL ju{x?sf] ;"rgf tyf hfgsf/Ldf Go"g kxF'r / pknAw cj;/df Go"g ;xeflutfn] ubf{ pgLx?df /x]sf] sdhf]/ cfTdljZjf; xf] . To;}n] tflnd / cj;/sf] dfWodaf6 lg0f{o ug]{ l;k clea[l4 ug{ ljz]if k|of; cfjZostf 5 . o;sf nflu lgDg pk ;"rs / ;f] sf nflu cfgf]] If]qut sfo{ k|s[lt cg'?k k|:tfj ul/Psf k/LIf0f ;"rLx?sf] k|of]u u/]/ o; ;"rssf nflu ah]6n] k'¥ofpg] of]ubfgnfO{{ dfkg u/L c°ef/ lbg' kb{5 .

gLlt lg0f{o tyf sfof{Gjog txsf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 u/]/ dfq ;dfg clwsf/sf] cj:yf ;[hgf x'g ;Sb5 . o;sf lglDt ;d"x tyf ;ldltdf /x]sf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf lglDt Ifdtf clea[l4, k'gtf{huL sfo{j|md ;fy} tflnd ;~rfng ubf{ sfo{j|mdn] ;Daf]wg ug]{ dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?nfO{{ ;dfj]zL x'g] u/L nlIft ul/Psf] x'g' kg]{ h:tf k|fjwfgx¿ /flvPsf 5g\ .

bf]>f] pk ;"rsdf cGo Ifdtf clea[l4 sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutf tyf kl/of]hgfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L tyf nlIft ju{sf] ;xeflutfsf] cfwf/df d"Nofª\sg ul/G5 . k|To]s ljifosf tflnddf ljifout n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs

45

;dfj]zLs/0fsf ;jfnx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ ;lxt o:tf tflnd tyf uf]i7Lx?df dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt ;xeflutfsf] cfwf/df d"Nofª\sg ul/G5 .

sfo{zfnf, tflnd, hgr]tgf clea[l4 / l;k ljsf;, cflb sfo{j|mddf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Dj]bgzLn ljifonfO{ t6:ytf ?kdf ;~rfng ubf{, leGg cj:yfdf /x]sf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf cfjZostf tyf ;/f]sf/x¿ ;Daf]wg gx'g ;S5 . o; k|sf/sf] sfo{j|mdaf6 k'Ug] kmfObf, s'g} Ps kIfsf] efudf a9L / csf]{ kIfsf] efudf sd kg]{ x'Fbf Uff]i7L, tflnd, ;r]tgf, l;k ljsf; sfo{j|md, cflbsf] ljifoj:t'df dlxnf / k'?ifsf ;/f]sf/x?nfO{{ ;d]l6g' cfjZos x'G5 . Ifdtf clea[l4sf nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf ljifoj:t' / kf7\oj|mdn] dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltsf ljleGg Jojxfl/s / /0fgLlts cfjZostfnfO{{ k|i6 ?kdf cg'e"lt u/]sf] x'g' kb{5 . tflnd ;~rfng ubf{ k|o'Qm efiffsf] k|of]u / lbOg] pbfx/0f n}lËs ;Gt'ngo'Qm ePdf, tf]lsPsf] c° lbg' kb{5 . h:t} s[lifdf dlxnf tyf k'?if lar >d ljefhg k|lqmofut ePsfn], tflndsf ljifoj:t'n] dlxnf s]lGb|t e"ldsfnfO{ k|:t't ug'{ kb{5 / ;f] sf] k|lqmofx? ;Daf]wg x'g' kb{5 . g]kfn h:tf] ax'eflifs, ax';fF:s[lts ;dfhdf ;a} :yfgdf Ps} k|sf/n] sfo{j|md ;~rfng ubf{, sfo{j|mdn] ck]lIft nfe gk'¥ofpg ;Sb5 . ctM o; tkm{ ;r]t eO{ sfo{zfnf, tflnd, hgr]tgf clea[l4 / l;k ljsf;, cflb sfo{j|md ;~rfng tyf k|:t'lt ubf{, :yfgLo kl/j]z jf :yfg ljz]if ljz]iftfsf] cfwf/df ;xefuLx?nfO{ a'‰g] efiffdf, n}lËs ;Gt'lnt -;Ddfghgs, gxf]Rofpg] zAb_ 9+un] ;~rfng ul/g] Joj:yf ldnfOPdf, o; pk ;"rssf] nflu lgwf{l/t c° lbg' kb{5 . ;fy} tflnd :yn, ;do / :t/ nlIft ju{ -dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt_ nfO{ cg's"n x'g' kb{5 .

;"rs $ M sfo{j|mddf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] nflu nfe tyf lgoGq0fdf ;'lglZrttf

k|fKt x'g] kl/0ffd jf k|ltkmn ljt/0fdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f ;Gt'ng sfod x'g' cfjZos ePsf]n] dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf lgldQ nfe ;'lglZrt u/fpg' h?/L x'G5 . ;/sf/n] ?= % s/f]8 eGbf dfly nufgL ePsf cfof]hgfx?af6 dlxnf / k'?if ju{df k/]sf] k|efj clgjfo{ ?kdf n}lËs k/LIf0f ug'{ kg]{ gLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] 5 . dlxnf leq klg ljleGg hft÷hfltsf dlxnfx¿ ljz]if jl~rltdf k/]sfn], pgLx?sf] rfxgf / cfjZostfdf klg ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg]{ x'G5 . xl/of] jg h:tf sfo{j|mdx?af6 k|fKt x'g] nfe / nfesf] lgoGq0fdf dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthflt To;df klg tf]lsPsf nlIft ju{sf dlxnfx?sf] kx'Frsf] ;'lglZrttf x]l/g' kb{5 .

n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f v08Ls[t nfe kfpg] dlxnf, blnt, ljkGg, hghflt tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{÷hfthfltx?sf] nfesf] cg'kftsf] cfwf/df c° lbg ;lsG5 . o;sf ;fy} oL ju{x?sf] ;zQmLs/0fnfO{ dWo gh/ ub}{, nlIft sfo{j|mdx¿ ;~rfng ug{sf lglDt ah]6 ljlgof]hg / ;f]xL cg'?k vr{ eP jf gePsf] cj:yfnfO{ klg s]nfpg ;lsG5 . ;a} txdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f vl08s[t ;"rgf tyf tYof° ;+sng ug]{ / oL ju{x?sf] hLjgdf k/]sf] k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug]{ Joj:yfsf cfwf/x¿ klg ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ .

46

;"rs % M dlxnfx?sf] /f]huf/L tyf cfo cfh{gdf clea[l4

xl/of] jg sfo{j|md cGtu{t n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f /0fgLltdf dlxnfsf] hLljsf]kfh{g ;'wf/ tyf clea[l4df ljz]if dxTj lbg' kg]{ hfgsf/L pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o; ;"rsn] kl/of]hgf ;~rfng x'g] j|mddf ;[hgf x'g] /f]huf/L] / cfo cfh{gsf] cj;/x?df, dlxnfx?nfO{{ ;dfg kx'Frsf] ;'lglZrttf dfu ub{5 . o; cy{, ;dfg ?kdf /f]huf/Ldf ;+nUg x'g} kb{5 eGbf klg dlxnfnfO{ cfjZoQmf cg'?k o; clwsf/nfO{{ pkof]u ug{ ;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf ug'{ xf] . dlxnfx?sf] bf]xf]/f e"ldsfsf sf/0f sfo{j|mdx?af6 ;[lht /f]huf/L / cfo cfh{gsf cj;/df k'?if ;/x ;xefuL gx'g ;S5g\, t/ cfgf] Jojxfl/s sl7gfOnfO{{ Joj:yfkg u/]/ cj;/sf] pkof]u ug{ rfx] eg] ;f] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] ;'lglZrttf x'g' kb{5 eGg] xf] . sltko cj:yfdf cfof]hgfn] k|ToIf /f]huf/L jf cfo cfh{g cj;/ l;h{gf ug' eGbf klg, cfof]hgfaf6 l;s]sf l;kaf6 cGo w]/} cfo cfh{gsf cj;/x¿ ;[hgf x'g ;Sb5g\ . h:t} hLljsf]kfh{g of]hgf, j}slNks hLljsf]kfh{g ;DaGwL Ifdtf clea[l4, cfo cfh{g ;DaGwL cltl/Qm lqmofsnfk, xl/t pBd, cflbaf6 pTkGg /f]huf/L / cfo cfh{gdf dlxnfx?sf] cj;/ ;'lglZrt ul/g' kb{5 .

;"rs ^ M dlxnfx?sf] ;dosf] k|of]udf u'0ffTds ;'wf/ tyf sfo{ af]emdf sdL

o; ;"rs cGtu{t–;~rflnt sfo{j|mdaf6 dlxnfx?n] k/Dk/fut ?kdf ;Dkfbg ub}{ cfPsf sfdsf] ;Dkfbgdf ;xhtf, dlxnfsf] k/Dk/fut n}lËs e"ldsfdf ?kfGt/0f / ;dosf] art tyf ;b'kof]u, / dlxnfx?n] ef]Ug' kg]{ bf]xf]/f] bfloTj lgjf{xdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] of]ubfgnfO{{ lng' kb{5 . dlxnfx?n] ub}{ cfPsf cj}tlgs sfdx¿ dfqsf] ;+nUgtf sd ub}{ j|mdzM k|ToIf cfDbfgL x'g] lqmofsnfkx?df ;+nUgtf a9fpFb}, ul/aL Go"gLs/0f / ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIodf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg o; ;"rsn] of]ubfg ug]{ 5 . xl/of] jg sfo{j|md dfkm{t s]xL dfq o; tkm{ nufgL x'g ;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL, o;df sd c°ef/ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf ;xhtf / ;dosf] art, If]qut lgsfo tyf cGo ;/f]sf/sf kIfx?sf] k|:tfljt jf ;~rflnt sfo{j|mdx?af6 dlxnfn] ug]{ sfdx?nfO{{ ;xh agfP tyf ;do art ug{ d2t k'Ug] gofF k|ljlwsf] Joj:yf / To;sf] k|of]usf] tf}/ tl/sfsf] Joj:yfnfO{{ k|a4{g ug{ ;xof]uL x'g] ePdf -h:t}} jgsf] hl8a'6L ;+sng, jg pTkfbg k|zf]wgsf gofF dlxnfd}qL k|ljlwx¿, kfos kg]{ 7fpFdf ;fd'bflos jg tyf sa'lnotL jg, j}slNks phf{, cflb_ lgwf{l/t c° lbg' kb{5 .

k/Dk/fut e"ldsf kl/jt{gsf nflu bL3{sfnLg kl/0ffdd'vL k|of; ePdf dlxnfsf lgldQ tf]lsPsf e]befjo'Qm dfGotf kl/jt{g x'G5 / Jojxf/nfO{ ;dfgtfdf ?kfGt/0f ug{ k/Dk/fut ?kdf ub}{ cfPsf] cj}tlgs sfdsf] cfly{s d"Nofª\sg ug]{ jftfj/0f aG5 . o;n] dlxnfx?sf] cfTd ;Ddfg a9\g'sf ;fy} 3/fo;L sfddf klg j|mdzM k'?ifx?sf] ;xeflutf clea[l4df ;xof]u k'Ub5 . o;n] lbgdf cf};t !$ 306f sfd u/]/ klg dlxnfx?n] s]xL sfd ub}{gg\, 3/d} a:5g\ eGg] h:tf gsf/fTds ;f]rfOdf ?kfGt/0f eO{ 3/fo;L sfdsf] klg ;Ddfg ug]{ / ;f] sfd ug]{sf] dof{bf klg sfod x'Fb} hfg] x'G5 . ctM ;fd'bflos l;sfO{ tyf sfo{ s]Gb| h:tf ;d'bfo :t/Lo ;d"xdf oL ljifodf 5nkmn /

ax; ;~rfng ug]{, dlxnfx?n] k/Dk/fut ?kdf ug]{ eGbf klg k[ys sfo{x¿ h:t} jg /]Gh/, jg x]/fn', cflb ug{ dlxnfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ . 5nkmnsf ;fy} cg's"n jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug]{ / 3/fo;L sfddf k'?ifsf] ;xeflutfsf] cfjZostf emNsfpg] lsl;dsf ;sf/fTds pbfx/0fx? Joj:yf ePdf oyfy{nfO{ ;xh 9ª\uaf6 dgg ug{ ;S5g\ . oL k|of;x?af6 dlxnf / k'?if lar bf]xf]/f] e"ldsfsf] sfo{ af]em a9] tfklg, dlxnfx?nfO{ cfTd;Ddfg ePsf] dx;'; x'g] 5 .

xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdæxl/of] jg, g]kfnsf] wgÆ eGg] k|rlnt pvfgaf6 k|]l/t eP/ gfds/0f ul/Psf] xl/of] jg sfo{j|mdn] dfgj / jg larsf] ;DaGwnfO{ ljz]if cfwf/ agfPsf] 5 . of] k~r jifL{o sfo{j|md g]kfn / g]kfnLx¿n] k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] plrt ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]u dfkm{t ;jf{ËL0f ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg] pRr dxTjfsfª\Iffsf ;fy th'{df ul/Psf] xf] . xl/of] jg sfo{j|md sfof{Gjogsf lglDt cd]l/sL ljsf; lgof]u -o'P;P8_ af6 ;xof]u k|fKt ePsf] xf] . of] sfo{j|md hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds k|efj / h}ljs ljljwtfdf x'g] hf]lvdx¿ Go"gLs/0f ug]{ nIosf ;fy cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . xl/of] jg sfo{j|mddf # k|d'v cª\usf ?kdf h}ljs ljljwtf, k|efjsf/L / lbuf] e"–kl/lw Joj:yfkg tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng /x]sf 5g\ . o;sf ;fy ;fy} cGt;{DalGwt ljifox¿sf ?kdf n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f, k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkgdf ;'zf;g tyf ul/a Pj+ k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{x?sf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/÷clea[l4 /x]sf 5g\ .

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