notes gb lab 10 names bond ionic bond 01
TRANSCRIPT
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Notes
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The student will:Accurately identify the characteristics of an Ionic Bond and a Covalent Bond
Demonstrate what causes a chemical bond
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Valence ElectronIonic BondCovalent Bond
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The electrons located on the outer energy level of each element.
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The Number of valence electrons ranges from 1 – 8▪Atoms with 1 – 7 valence electrons are unstable and require bonding to make them complete▪Atoms with 8 valence electrons, The Noble Gases, are stable and therefore do not bond with any other elements.
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A chemical bond between a metal and a nonmetal. It is when valence electrons are borrowed/taken from the metal to bring the outer energy electron level of the nonmetal up to 8
The metal “Donates” electrons to the non-metal
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Metals donate, loan (lose) electrons while nonmetals borrow (gain) electronsEach metal loses electrons becoming a Positive (+) Ion
Each nonmetal gains electrons becoming a Negative (-) Ion
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Have a high conductivity reading > 700 Micro-Siemens
Easily broken
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A bond between two like atoms or a nonmetal and another nonmetal▪ The outer energy
level electrons are shared between the two atoms to make the valence complete at 8.
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Are a very strong bond▪Are found in solid, liquid and gas form▪Bond like a chain link▪Low conductivity < 500 micro-Siemens
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Most atoms by themselves are unstable All but group 18, The Noble Gases
They seek to complete their outer energy level to become stable
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Low valence numbers (metals) lose electrons
High valence numbers (nonmetals) gain electrons
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To become stable, atoms need to bond with other atomsMetals w/ NonmetalsNonmetals w/ NonmetalsSame atom w/ same atom
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There are two types of chemical bonds▪Ionic Bond ▪Covalent Bond
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Ionic Bond ▪Metals with nonmetals▪Na(1) + Cl(7) = NaCl(8) (valence numbers in parentheses)
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Covalent Bond ▪Nonmetals w/ nonmetals▪Example:H(1) + H(1) + O(1) H2O (3)
(valence numbers in parentheses)
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We can test for bond type by testing the conductivity of a chemical compound solutionThe chemicals in waterBy measuring Conductivity in Micro-Siemens
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Remember:Bonding takes place to give atoms stability
Bonding allows for compounds to form
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Remember:Atoms bonding with like atoms and nonmetals w/ nonmetals form Covalent Bonds
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Remember:Metals bonding with non- metals form Ionic Bonds
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Whew!Have a great day!