what is an ionic bond? what was the overall goal of the ionic bond? what molecules are most likely...
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What is an ionic bond? What was the overall goal of the ionic
bond? What molecules are most likely to form
ionic bonds with eachother?
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What do you think an covalent bond is?
Can you think of a picture of a covalent molecule?
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• What holds the atoms together?• What can form a covalent bond with
what?• How many covalent bonds can form?
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Covalent bond is the bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms
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H + H ---> H2 making bonds release energy
H2 ---> H + H requires energy to break bonds
Molecular compounds have less energy and are ‘more stable’
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Electrons attract the positively charged nuclei
They screen the positive charges of the nuclei allowing them to be closer than usual
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H2
F2
H20 NH3
CH4
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A covalent bond is the sharing of electrons between atoms
Forming a covalent bond releases energy, breaking a bond takes energy
Molecular compounds are more stable than their singular components
The shared electron screen the nuclei of the atoms, allowing the atoms to be closer together
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In covalent bonds, electron sharing usually occurs so that atoms attain the electron configuration of noble gases, or in other words, they share electrons to satisfy the octet rule.
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O2
N2
CO2
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Bond dissociation energy- the amount of energy required to break a bond
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A bond where one atom contributes both bonding electrons
Ex. CO
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A resonance structure is a structure that occurs when it is possible to draw two or more valid electron dot structures
Ex. 03 The actual bonding is a hybrid or mixture
of the resonance structures
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PCl5 SF6
NO2
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The sharing of electrons isn’t always equal.
Electronegativity is the ability of the atom to attract electrons when the atom is in the compound
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Polar bond is a covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally
Nonpolar is a covalent bond where electrons are shared equally
In a polar bond, the more electronegative atom attracts the electron more strongly and gains a slight negative charge
The less electronegative atom has a slight positive charge
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0.0 – 0.4 nonpolar covalent0.4 - 2.0 polar covalent
> 2.0 ionic
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Weaker than ionic or covalent Van der Waals Forces
Dipole interactions - between polar molecules Dispersion forces – motion of electrons
Hydrogen bonds – strong attraction between hydrogen and O, F, N Because hydrogen is ‘special’ Lack of shielding
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Haikus are three line Japanese poems where the first line has five syllables, the second has seven syllables, and the third has five syllables. Write a haiku about how the electrons behave when a covalent compound is formed