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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Notes of slide 1 research
lecture 28/2/2021
Notes is written in red color
Done by : nursing lijan
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FOUNDATIONS OFNURSING RESEARCH
Sixth Edition
CHAPTER
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Development of
Nursing Research
1
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective Four
Compare Two Broad Purposes For
Conducting Research
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Two Broad Purposes of Nursing
Research
• Basic
• Applied
ممكن هدول النوعين يتداخلوا ببعض بعدها يتوفر ظروف معينة وممكن ادوات ويتحول لbasicممكن يبلش الباحث ببحثه اapplied ل
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Basic Research
• Generates new knowledge (purpose)
• “Knowledge for knowledge’s sake”
• Develops, tests, and refines theories
• Immediate application of results rare
• Ex: genetic code of virus / عدد مكونات الذرة
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Applied Research
• Majority of nursing research
• Uses new knowledge to solve immediate
problems (purpose)
• Ex : اللقاحات• ممكن يكون في Generating knowledgeبس يكون في تطبيق عملي
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Basic versus Applied Research
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vyheXBPSsg
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8dg-qwNZ0xU
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective Five
Discuss Four Goals For
Conducting Nursing Research
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Goals for Conducting Research
• Promote evidence-based nursing practice
النتائج راح تكون افضل
• Ensure credibility of the nursing profession
• Provide accountability for nursing practice
• Document cost effectiveness of nursing
care
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
(EBNP)
• Provide best possible care
• Clinical decisions based on
– Best research evidence
– Nurses’ clinical expertise
– Health care preferences of clients
3 in 1
decision
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Credibility of Nursing Profession
• Professional versus vocational
• Establishing own body of knowledge
• Research helps determine what makes
nursing profession unique.
• Build on high ethical and honesty ranking
• المصداقية
• تكون التمريض مهنة وليست حرفة
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Accountability for Nursing Practice
• Increased independence → more
accountability
• Promote actions based on sound rationale
• General public’s increased knowledge →
higher expectations
• Keep knowledge base current
• الممرض يكون مسؤول عن افعاله وقراراته وهذا يؤدي الى مبدا الاستقلالية
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Cost Effectiveness—a Nursing
Responsibility
• Gain an education in business and finances
• Help patients understand the importance of
nursing
• Nursing is large part of an institution's budget.
• Validate nursing activity effectiveness with
research
• ..اختار افضل طريقة لتقليل الوقت والجهد والتكلفة عالمريض
• قي التدوبن الور)انو افضل لتقليل الوقت والتكلفة الاقتصادية : مثال (او الالكتروني ؟
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective Six
Compare Qualitative And Quantitative
Research
نوعية وكمية : تقسم الابحاث حسب منهجية البحث الى
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Quantitative Research
• Objectivity
• Tight controls
• Generalization of findings
• االباحث هو يلي بتحكم بالمتغيرات
• جمع بيانات من مجموعة من الناس التي تعبر : الوسيلة عن المجتمع ولهذا السبب يمكن تعميم النتائج
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Qualitative Research
• Subjectivity
• No controls
• Not able to generalize findings
• تبحث في معنى التجربة لدى الناس
• المقابلات : الوسيلة
• تستخدم الاسئلة المفتوحة غالبا
• لا تعتمد على افتراضات مسبقة
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
• لو بدنا نعمل بحث عن : مثال Chronic painلدى المرضى
quantitative research :
وهم يعبوها Checklist راح يعطي المرضى زي
Qualitative research :
...كيف شعورهم.راح يسالهم عن تجربتهم ويسالهم كيف خففوا الالم عندهم
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
What Type of Research
Are Nurses Doing?
• Initially, quantitative
• Focus change—qualitative
• Qualitative research is increasing.
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Hard Science Versus Soft Science
• Is there a difference?
• Is one better than the other?
• What are researchers really doing?
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective Seven
Recognize The Importance Of Outcomes
Research
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Outcomes Research
• Measurable outcomes
• Addresses interventions
• Uses certain patient populations
• تعنى بالنتيجة النهائية
• Ex : any intervention is give best
outcome ??investigation or not
• Cost effect بيجي مع
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Nursing Research and Outcomes
• A new buzzword in health care
• Nursing always concerned with outcomes
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
What Makes Outcomes Research
Different?
• Not just traditional clinical measurement
• Different design, methods, and sampling
procedures
• Less controlled
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Outcomes Research Influences
• High cost of health care
• Nursing care that is cost effective
• Services purchased that improve client
health
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
• :اشياء 3لازم نميز بين
• Original studies : وهي انه الباحث بحط اسئلة وبطبق
الدراسة
• Replication studies : بيكون في اصلا دراسة
معمولة على عينة معينة واجى باحث اخر طبق هاي الدراسة
على عينة اخرى
• Research utilization : تطبيق النتائج يلي طلعت من
الدراسة
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective Eight
Contrast The Various Roles Of Nurses In
Research
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Educational Expectations for
Nursing Research
• Vary by preparation
• Baccalaureate nurses’ research
expectations
• Postdoctoral nurses’ research
expectations
• All nurses should read research.
• Advanced practice nurses perform
research.
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Specific Research Roles for Nurses
• Principal investigator صاحب البحث
• Member of research team عضو في فريق البحث
• Identifier of researchable problems
• Evaluator of research findings مقيم
• User of research findings مستخدم للنتائج زينا احنا
• Patient/client advocate during studies
خاصة لما يكون البحث بده يطبق عالمرضى واحنا ممكن ما نوافق في حال كان في اذى للمريض
• Subject/participant in studies جزء من العينة
• ببلش التحضير للطلاب من وهم بمرحلة البكالوريوس ومن ثم الماجستيروالدكتوراة
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Principal Investigator
• Beginning nurse researcher
– Small-scale surveys
• Independent researcher
– Special research preparation
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Member of Research Team
• Data collection for study
• Administer experimental interventions
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Identifier of Researchable Problems
• All levels of nursing preparation
• Ideal situation for bedside nurses
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Evaluator of Research Findings
• Role for all nurses
• Read articles on the process
• Review critique guidelines in the textbook
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
User of Research Findings
• Break from traditional procedures
• Use relevant finding in practice to improve
care
• Be judicious
• Role of research utilization (RU) versus
EBR
– RU: findings into practice
– EBR: searching for best evidence
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Patient/Client Advocate During
Studies
• Ethical considerations
• Explain study
• Participant support and resource
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition
Rose Marie Nieswiadomy
Subject/Participant in Studies
• Nurses act in both roles.
• Example: Nurses’ Health Study I and II
– Harvard Medical School (1976)
– Health risks and exposure and disease