november 18, 2005 1 traffic grooming in optical wdm networks presented by : md. shamsul wazed...

NovemberNovember 18, 2005 18, 2005 11

Traffic Grooming in Traffic Grooming in Optical WDM NetworksOptical WDM Networks

Presented by :

Md. Shamsul Wazed University of Windsor


AbstractAbstract


AbstractAbstract

Requested bandwidth of a traffic stream Requested bandwidth of a traffic stream can be lower than the wavelength capacitycan be lower than the wavelength capacity

Grooming the low-speed traffic streams Grooming the low-speed traffic streams onto high capacity optical channelsonto high capacity optical channels

Objective :Objective : Improve network throughputImprove network throughput

Minimizing network costMinimizing network cost


AbstractAbstract

Most previous work on traffic grooming in Most previous work on traffic grooming in the ring network topologythe ring network topology

Traffic grooming is an important problem for Traffic grooming is an important problem for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networknetwork

Recent research works with a mathematical Recent research works with a mathematical formulation will be discussed hereformulation will be discussed here


OutlineOutline

Introduction

Multiplexing Techniques

Minimizing Network Resources

Grooming Switch Architecture

Grooming with Protection

Mathematical (ILP) Formulation

Conclusion


IntroductionIntroduction



3 generation of networks :3 generation of networks :

Choice of optical fiber :Choice of optical fiber :

High bandwidth, low error rate, reliability, low error rate, reliability

11stst generation network – copper wire based generation network – copper wire based

22ndnd generation network – mix of copper wire generation network – mix of copper wire and optical fiber (SONET, WDM, SDH etc)and optical fiber (SONET, WDM, SDH etc)

33rdrd generation network – generation network – all-opticalall-optical based based


Objective of Traffic Grooming :Objective of Traffic Grooming : To combine low-speed traffic streams onto To combine low-speed traffic streams onto

high-capacity wavelengths high-capacity wavelengths Improve bandwidth utilization Improve bandwidth utilization Optimize network throughputOptimize network throughput Minimize the network cost Minimize the network cost (transmitter, receiver, fiber link, (transmitter, receiver, fiber link, OXCOXC, , ADMADM, ,

amplifier, wavelength converter etc) amplifier, wavelength converter etc)



Multiplexing Techniques


Multiplexing TechniquesMultiplexing Techniques

Different multiplexing techniques used in traffic Different multiplexing techniques used in traffic grooming :grooming :

Space-division multiplexing (SDM) - Space-division multiplexing (SDM) - bundling a set of bundling a set of fibers into a single cable, or using several cables within a fibers into a single cable, or using several cables within a network linknetwork link

Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) – a given fiber Frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) – a given fiber to carry traffic on many distinct wavelengths. to carry traffic on many distinct wavelengths.

Time-division multiplexing (TDM) – multiple signals Time-division multiplexing (TDM) – multiple signals can share a given wavelength if they are non-overlapping can share a given wavelength if they are non-overlapping in time.in time.


6 node network6 node network Wavelength Capacity Wavelength Capacity

OC-48 OC-48 3 connection requests3 connection requests

OC-12 at (0,2)OC-12 at (0,2)

OC-12 at (2,4)OC-12 at (2,4)

OC-3 at (0,4)OC-3 at (0,4) 2 lightpaths2 lightpaths11 carrying carrying

Connection 3Connection 3

Multiplexing TechniquesMultiplexing Techniques

11 logical communication route between two nodes established if wavelength is available logical communication route between two nodes established if wavelength is available


Minimizing Network ResourcesMinimizing Network Resources



Network resources must be used efficientlyNetwork resources must be used efficiently Electronic ADMs can be saved and network Electronic ADMs can be saved and network

cost will be reducedcost will be reduced WDM add/drop multiplexers (WADMs) is WDM add/drop multiplexers (WADMs) is

capable to drop or add wavelengthcapable to drop or add wavelength Depends upon designing of Network topology Depends upon designing of Network topology



SONET/WDM ring (Ungroomed)



SONET/WDM ring (Groomed)


GGrooming Switch Architecturerooming Switch Architecture


Grooming Switch ArchitectureGrooming Switch Architecture

Static traffic grooming can be measured by Static traffic grooming can be measured by fixed fixed traffic matricestraffic matrices

WADM allows wavelength to either be WADM allows wavelength to either be dropped and electronically processed at the dropped and electronically processed at the node or optically bypass node or optically bypass

Node architectureNode architecture for a WDM mesh network for a WDM mesh network has the static traffic grooming capability has the static traffic grooming capability


Grooming Switch ArchitectureGrooming Switch Architecture


Grooming with ProtectionGrooming with Protection



Connection also requires protection from Connection also requires protection from network failurenetwork failure

A single failure may affect a large volume of A single failure may affect a large volume of traffic traffic

Working pathWorking path carrying traffic at normal carrying traffic at normal operationoperation

Backup pathBackup path re-routed the traffic after path re-routed the traffic after path failurefailure


Mathematical (ILP) FormulationMathematical (ILP) Formulation



A six-node multi-hop networkA six-node multi-hop network Capacity (Capacity (CC) of each wavelength ) of each wavelength OC-48OC-48 3 types of connection request (OC-1, OC-3, 3 types of connection request (OC-1, OC-3,

and OC-12)and OC-12) 3 Traffic matrices generated randomly3 Traffic matrices generated randomly Total traffic demand Total traffic demand ≤ ≤ OC-988OC-988

A six-node network A six-node network

In our example, we consider :In our example, we consider :



AAt most one fiber link between each node pair.t most one fiber link between each node pair. Nodes do not have wavelength conversion Nodes do not have wavelength conversion

capability (i.e. no capability (i.e. no wavelength converterwavelength converter). ). The transceivers in a network node are The transceivers in a network node are

tunable to any wavelength on the fiber.tunable to any wavelength on the fiber. Each node has unlimited multiplexing / Each node has unlimited multiplexing /

demultiplexing capability demultiplexing capability

Assumptions :Assumptions :




y,tsd

y,s,d,t

y*S

,y tsdS

Maximize the total successfully-routed low-Maximize the total successfully-routed low-speed traffic, i.e. speed traffic, i.e.


ILP formulation :ILP formulation :

Allowed low-speed stream, y {1,3,12,48} Allowed low-speed stream, y {1,3,12,48}

= 1 if success, 0 otherwise = 1 if success, 0 otherwise

t {1, …,Tt {1, …,Ty,s,dy,s,d} } , Lightpaths cannot exceed wavelength capacity, Lightpaths cannot exceed wavelength capacity

,,

, ,

* *sd tij y ij

y t s d

y V C

Î

Î




Numerical Result 1:Numerical Result 1:Multi-hop

Throughput Lightpath #

T=3, W=3 74.7% (OC-78) 18

T=4, W=3 93.8% (OC-927) 24

T=5, W=3 97.9% (OC-967) 28

T=7, W=3 97.9% (OC-967) 28

T=3, W=4 74.7% (OC-738) 18

T=4, W=4 94.4% (OC-933) 24

T=5, W=4 100% (OC-988) 29

where, T is number of Transceivers and W is number of wavelengthwhere, T is number of Transceivers and W is number of wavelength




Numerical Result 2:Numerical Result 2:

Node 0 Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4 Node 5

Node 0 0 2 (70%) 0 (100%) 1 (89%) 1 (100%) 1 (100%)

Node 1 1 (100%) 0 1 (100%) 2 (100%) 1 (100%) 0

Node 2 1 (100%) 1 (95%) 0 1 (100%) 2 (100%) 1 (70%)

Node 3 2 (100%) 1 (100%) 1 (100%) 0 0 1 (100%)

Node 4 1 (100%) 1 (100%) 0 0 0 1 (91%)

Node 5 0 (100%) 0 2 (98%) 1 (100%) 1 (100%) 0

Virtual Topology and Lightpath Utilization (T=5, W= 3)Virtual Topology and Lightpath Utilization (T=5, W= 3)


ConclusionConclusion


ConclusionConclusion Recent research and development in traffic Recent research and development in traffic

grooming in WDM network reviewedgrooming in WDM network reviewed Objective – multiplexing low-speed traffic streams Objective – multiplexing low-speed traffic streams

on to high-capacity optical channelson to high-capacity optical channels Optimum utilization of bandwidth, lower the Optimum utilization of bandwidth, lower the

network resource costnetwork resource cost Node architecture, Path/Link Protection Node architecture, Path/Link Protection Illustrated an example by using ILP formulationIllustrated an example by using ILP formulation Many significant results of practical importance Many significant results of practical importance

are forthcomingare forthcoming


ReferencesReferences

[1][1] R. S. Barr, M. S. Kingsley and R. A. Patterson, “Grooming Telecommunication R. S. Barr, M. S. Kingsley and R. A. Patterson, “Grooming Telecommunication Networks : Optimization Models and Methods,” Networks : Optimization Models and Methods,” Technical Report 05-EMIS-03Technical Report 05-EMIS-03, June , June 2005.2005.

[2][2] K. Zhu and B. Mukherjee, “Traffic Grooming in an Optical WDM Mesh Networks,” K. Zhu and B. Mukherjee, “Traffic Grooming in an Optical WDM Mesh Networks,” IEEE IEEE Journal Selected Areas in CommunicationsJournal Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 20, No. 1, January 2002., Vol. 20, No. 1, January 2002.

[3][3] K. Zhu and B. Mukherjee, “A Review of Traffic Grooming in WDM Optical Networks : K. Zhu and B. Mukherjee, “A Review of Traffic Grooming in WDM Optical Networks : Architectures and Challenges,” Optical Networks Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 2, March/April Architectures and Challenges,” Optical Networks Magazine, Vol. 4, No. 2, March/April 2003, pp 55-64. 2003, pp 55-64.

[4][4] E. Modiano and P. Lin, “Traffic Grooming in WDM Networks,” E. Modiano and P. Lin, “Traffic Grooming in WDM Networks,” IEEE Communication IEEE Communication MagazineMagazine, Vol. 39, No. 6, July 2001, pp 124-129., Vol. 39, No. 6, July 2001, pp 124-129.

[5][5] B. Mukherjee, C (Sam) Ou, H. Zhu, K. Zhu, N. Singhal and S. Yao, “Traffic Grooming in B. Mukherjee, C (Sam) Ou, H. Zhu, K. Zhu, N. Singhal and S. Yao, “Traffic Grooming in Mesh Optical Networks,” Mesh Optical Networks,” IEEE Optical Fiber Communication (OFC) Conference’04IEEE Optical Fiber Communication (OFC) Conference’04, , March 2004.March 2004.

[6][6] W. Yao and B. Ramamurthy, “Survivable Traffic Grooming With Path Protection at the W. Yao and B. Ramamurthy, “Survivable Traffic Grooming With Path Protection at the Connection Level in WDM Mesh Networks”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, October Connection Level in WDM Mesh Networks”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, October 2005, Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 2846-28532005, Vol. 23, No. 10, pp. 2846-2853


Slide outline Slide outline


Transmission Speed

Optical level Bit rateOptical level Bit rate OC-1 OC-1 52 Mbps52 Mbps

OC-3 OC-3 156 Mbps156 Mbps OC-12 OC-12 622 Mbps622 Mbps

OC-48 OC-48 2,488 Mbps2,488 Mbps OC-192 OC-192 9,953 Mbps9,953 Mbps

OC-768OC-768 39,813 Mbps 39,813 Mbps (in near future) (in near future)

[ OC-n[ OC-n n * 51.84 Mbps]n * 51.84 Mbps]

Back to Back to IntroductionIntroduction Back to Back to ILP Formulation ILP Formulation


Optical Cross-Connect (OXC)Optical Cross-Connect (OXC)

Back to Back to IntroductionIntroduction


Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (ADM)Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer (ADM)

Back to Back to IntroductionIntroduction


Sample Traffic Matrix of OC-3 Sample Traffic Matrix of OC-3 Connection Request Connection Request

Back to Back to Switch Architecture Switch Architecture Back to Back to ILP Formulation ILP Formulation


Wavelength Converter (WC)Wavelength Converter (WC)

Back to Back to ILP Formulation ILP Formulation


Physical Topology of a Physical Topology of a Six-Node NetworkSix-Node Network

Back to Back to ILP Formulation ILP Formulation

november 18, 2005 1 traffic grooming in optical wdm networks presented by : md. shamsul wazed...

Documents

network throughput

wdm mesh network

network cost transmitter

designing of network

wavelength oc

generation network copper

large volume of traffic

fixed traffic matriceswadm