AN OVERVIEW OF THE FISHERIES SUB SECTOR: ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES FOR FY

2013/2014 AND PRIORITIES FOR FY 2014/2015

Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development.Fisheries Development Division October 2014

AN OVERVIEW OF THE FISHERIES SUB SECTOR

Tanzania – has a lot of water resources;

Sharing three of the largest and most important inland lakes in Africa;

Lake Victoria Lake Tanganyika Lake Nyassa; Diverse river system; Numerous wetlands;

and Coastline of 1450 km

long

Introduction

INTRODUCTION The country has a surface area of 945,040 km2

Marine territorial water is 64,000 km2

Exclusive Economic Zone of of 223,000 km2

The continental shelf extends 4 km offshore, with exception of the Zanzibar and Mafia channels where the shelf extends to 60

Numerous small islands, islets and sand dunes surrounded by reefs;

Important ecosystems include mangrove forests, estuaries, coral reefs, sea grass beds, and inter-tidal flats, muddy and sandy beaches

A SIGNIFICANT FISHERY SECTOR

FISHERY POTENTIALWater body Total Area

(km2)Tanzania share (area km2)

Coverage (%) Estimated Fisheries Resource Potential (Tones)

Lake Victoria 68,800 35,088 51 1,944,444 (2011)Lake Tanganyika 32,900 13,489 41 295,000 (1998)Lake Nyasa 30,800 5,760 20 168,000 (1994)Marine (Territorial sea)

64,000 64,000 100 100,000 (F.Nansen, 1970's)

EEZ (Deep sea) 223,000 223,000 100 UnknownOther inland water bodies

5,000 5,000 100 30,000 (1970's)

Totals 2,537,444

AN OVERVIEW Cont.

Fisheries sector

Economic sub sector

Livelihoods Food security Foreign

exchangeRevenue collection

EmploymentIncome generation

Economic and Social Importance of the sector

Economic and Social Importance Cont. The industry employs more than 222,741 small

scale full time fishers directly and about 4,021,000 people are engaged in other related fisheries activities such as fish processing, fish marketing, fish trade, boat building and maintenance etc.

The sector accounts for about 10 % of the national exports and also provides foreign earnings through export of fish and fishery products.

Fisheries contribute by 30% of protein animal intake

The sector contributes by 1.6 In MDG, fisheries contribute to goal no 1.

Artisanal Semi - industrial Industrial

• Small scale

• Mostly are non mechanized

• Fishing in inner sea

• Majority of coastal communities depends on

• Contributes to GDP and export royality

• Prawn Trawlers

• Contributed to 0.17%

• Closed 2007

• Stock reduction

• Deep sea fishing

• Distant Waters Fishing Nations

• License agreement

Fisheries categories

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT DIVISION

MLFD MINISTRY OF LIVESTOCK

AND FISHERIES

DEVELOPMENT

DIRECTOR OF FISHERIES

DEVELOPMENT DIVISION

DIRECTOR OF AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR

FISHERIES –PLANNING

AND POLICY

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF

FISHERIES-RESOURCE

PROTECTION

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF

FISHERIES-QUALITY

ASSURANCE AND

MARKETING

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF -MARICULTURE

ASSISTANT DIRECTOR –

FRESHWATER AQUACULTURE

POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK

• The sector is guided by The National Fisheries Sector Policy and Strategy Statements (1997)

• The policy is backed up by the Fisheries Act No. 22 of 2003

• the Act is supported by the Fisheries Regulations of 2009.  

• The sector has: • Marine Parks and Reserves Act, 1994 (Act No. 29 of 1994)• Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI) Act No. 6 of

1980• Territorial Sea and Exclusive Economic Zone Act (1989) • The Deep Sea Fishing Authority Act (1998) with its

amendments 2007• Deep Sea Fishing Authority Regulation (2009)

TANZANIA FISHERIES SPECIFIC INSTRUMENTS

Closed areasClosed seasons

Fisheries Act No.22 of 2003

Fisheries Specific Instruments

National Fisheries Policy and Strategic statement 1997

Fisheries Regulation 2009

The Deep Sea Fishing Authority Act of 1998

GuidelinesRPOA-LVO/LTANPOA-IUUOther management tools

MCSManagement plansTuna, Prawns CFM (BMU’s)

Mariculture

MANAGEMENT TOOLSMonitoring Control and Surveillance (MCS)Monitoring Control and Surveillance Centers established in most of the Tanzania boarder areas and hot spot sites.

The main function is to reduce cross boarder fishing and fish trade among the shared water bodies

Currently there are 23 established MCS centers

Beach Management UnitsIncreased fishing pressure and destruction of the aquatic environment led to the introduction of Beach Management Units (BMU).

The idea is to establish participatory resource management by involving local fishing communities, in resource management. It’s a community participation in fisheries management

Communities enhance a feeling of “ownership” among the community members and motivate them to implement management and conservation measures

ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF RESOURCE USERS IN FISHERIES MANAGEMENT

NO OF BMU’S BY WATER BODIESWater Body Number

of BMUS

Number of FMPs

Number of By-laws

Number of Reg.BMUs

Lake Victoria 433 433 433 433

Marine waters 205 72 40 33

Lake Tanganyika

20 12 12 10

Lake Nyasa 11 0 0 4

Mtera dam 29 0 0 10

Nyumba ya Mungu

20 0 0 0

Lake Rukwa 12 0 0 10

Minor water 5 0 0 1

Total 723

IMPLEMENTATION STATUS Five (5) BMUs were registered

from Kigoma- Uvinza (4), and Singida- Iramba (1) to make a total of 68 BMUs registered

In collaboration with SMART FISH 8,421 man-days patrols were conducted in Lake Victoria, Tanganyika and Indian Ocean making 35.1% of the 24,000 estimated patrols for the year 2013/2014

Beach seine nets (2,053), undersize dagaa nets (738), Monofilament nets (29,862), dynamites (98), dynamite fish (434kg); immature fish (45,593kg), transportation Vessels (336), 851 suspects were arrested and 61 cases instituted

IMPLEMENTATION STATUS4 fishermen were sentenced six years in Jail

and 1 five years for dynamite fishing in Kilwa

To enhace MCS 4 patrol boats for Mbamba Bay, Ikola, Kasanga and Kigoma FRP centres were purchased;

Three stakeholders’ seminars to discuss the fisheries sector legislation were conducted in collaboration with Sea-sence in Mafia, Kilwa, Rufiji and Pangani Districts.

IMPLEMENTATION CONT.Capacity building to BMUs and Village Government leadersThe special fisheries management plans of tuna, dagaa and octopus were incorporated in the CFMA FMPs.

10 BMUs from Mafia were trained on fisheries governance

8 BMUs FMPs and by-laws were reviewed

2 BMUs of Kanga and Bweni developed new FMPs 80 BMUs leaders and Village government leaders were trained in Fisheries governance in Mtwara District and a total of 8 Fisheries management plans and bylaws were developed.

IMPLIMENTATION CONT.Capacity building to BMUs and Village Government leadersIn collaboration with SEASENSE,

150 BMUs members and village leaders were trained on Economic, Ecology and Governance from Mafia, Kilwa, Rufiji, Pangani and Temeke.

20 BMUs members and 10 fishers from Temeke and Mafia Councils were trained on sea turtles conservation and total of 22 turtles were marked;

A total of 110 District Councilors and Ward Executive Officers were trained on the status of marine endangered species, good leadership and management of fisheries resources in the districts of Mafia, Kilwa, Pangani, and Rufiji.

In collaboration with WWF and SeaSense, Guidelines for fish camps were proposed whereas consultative stakeholders’ workshop was convened to gather concerns from all stakeholders. The document is at final stages to get approval from the Ministry

IMPLIMENTATION CONT.Strengthen Eco-system Approach to Fisheries

resources managementA total of 631 Fishers and fisheries stakeholders from Mkuranga (93), Temeke (130), Bagamoyo (288) and Kinondoni (130) were sensitized on Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management ;

17 District Fisheries Officers from Costal LGAs attended workshop on how best the prepared Artisanal Pelagic Fishery Management Plan can be implemented to achieve long term sustainable pelagic fisheries resources management and maximum benefit for the users.

IMPLEMENTATION CONT.Monitoring and Follow-ups

An evaluation of the BMUs performance conducted along the coast of Indian Ocean through the Consultant from University of Dar es Salaam. The findings indicated that BMUs under RUMAKI Project are performing well than BMUs outside the project area;

It was proposed that all BMUs outside RUMAKI be upgraded to enhance their performance.

IMPLEMENTATION CONT.BMU Sustainable financing  BMUs were encouraged to apply for revenue collection on behalf of the villages so that they can generate some funds for their operational functions such as patrols etc.

Currently, there11 BMUs in Rufiji District that have been commissioned to collect revenue on behalf of the villages.

Through this mechanism they will be able to generate income for conservation purposes.

BUDGET ALLOCATION The % of budget allocation and released in

financial year 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 was 30% and 56% respectively

There is an increased in 26 % in 2013/2014. However it was not sufficient to implement most

of planned activitiesYear

Approved Budget

FY13/14 Amount Released by 30 June 2014

% Released

 

Deficit

2012/2013 3,118,035,700 939,735,858.93

30.14

2,178,299,841.07

2013/2014 3,063,341,276 1,722,583,508.00

56.23

1,340,757,768.00

REVENUE COLLECTION In Fisheries sector revenue collection are mainly

from Fishing and Export Licenses, Exclusive Economic Zone Licenses, Export and Import royalty, Compound fees, FETA and sale of fingerlings

Revenue collection vs ApprovedYear Approved

EstimateActual Collection %

collection

2010/2011 10,034,898,000 8,652,335,187 86.222011/2012 13,033,838,287 9,462,982,000 72.602012/2013 10,152,191,000 8,368,166,597.80 82.432013/2014 10,329,103,000 10,760,759,957.19 104.18

DYNAMITE FISHING IN TANZANIA The Ministry is continuing to

conduct regular patrols in collaboration with other stakeholders like District Councils, Navy, Marine Police and BMUs.

INITIATIVES TOWARDS CURBING DYNAMITE FISHING

The Ministry is preparing the SWIOFish project, which includes a component on combating dynamite fishing with over US$ 1 million allocated.

A national taskforce was established by the government to address dynamite fishing.

Tanzania has participated in training and patrols through SMART Fish and IOC- programs and conduct various stakeholder meetings to raise awareness

The National Fisheries Policy and legislations is under review

INITIATIVES TOWARDS CURBING DYNAMITE FISHING CONT.

Various national patrols conducted in Tanga, Lindi, Mafia and Mtwara under the IOC-Smart-fish Project.

Support formation and formalization of BMU networks & strategies to combat dynamite fishing.

BMUs in Temeke, Rufiji-Kilwa boundary and Mtwara were facilitated to form anti-dynamite fishing networks. This was done under the WWF-EU Fisheries Co-management Project. These networks involved representatives from Fisheries Division, Police, Navy and district magistrates to ensure approach is co-ordinated

Continuing Support of implementation of Fisheries Management plans of BMUs regarding anti-dynamite strategies.

Establish Coast Guard (para military unit)

POSSIBLE PROPOSED INDICATORS

Establishment of new BMUs

Formal registration BMUs by Director of Fisheries

Facilitation of the re-election of BMU committees

Skills on governance, leadership, fisheries management, policy and legislation.

PRIORITY AREAS

Strengthening BMUs capacity in Management of Fisheries resources

Curbing dynamite Fishing in Marine waters and other illegal fishing practices in all water bodies

Review of Legislations

Improve value addition to fish and fishery products

CHALLENGES

Insufficient knowledge of the resource base;

Overcapacity due to open access leading to excessive fishing pressure on fisheries resources;

Inadequate human and financial resources; and technology to effectively manage fisheries resources;

Increased illegal fishing and trade practices;

High post-harvest loss in various fish species attributed to poor infrastructure, inappropriate technologies in fish handling, processing and distribution;

Thank you for listening

MARINE COAST-LINE

LAKE VICTORIA

Country Area owned km2

Shoreline (km long)

Shoreline Percentage %

Tanzania 35,088 (51%) 1,150 33

Uganda 29,584 (43%) 1,750 51

Kenya 4,128 (6%) 550 16

Total 68,800 (100%)

3,450 100

LAKE TANGANYIKA

Country Area owned km2

Shoreline (km)

Percentage %

Tanzania 13,489 669 41Burundi 2,632 215 8Zambia 1,974 159 6DRC(Zaire) 14,805 807 45Total 32,900 1,850 100