nt, space situational awareness optical solutions. yannick...2011/08/04 · sl19 37155 1h15'07...
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Space Situational Awareness Optical Solutions
International Symposium on Ensuring Stable Use of Outer Space ~ Enhancing Space Security and Resiliency ~Tokyo March 3rd 2016 – Yannick Devouassoux
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SSA context & Solutions developed by Airbus Defence & Space
Focus on GEOTracker
Focus on laser demonstration
Optical solutions in development
Conclusion - Q&A
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Agenda
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Space Weather
NEO
Space Traffic Management
Space Surveillance & Tracking (SST)
Survey Orbit determination
Identification
Recognised Space Picture
Space Situational Awareness (SSA)
Access to space - Autonomy to launch - Launch security - Launch detection
Space debris management - Risk assessment - LDR (Laser Debris Removal) - ADR (Active Debris Removal)
Resilience : - Satellites - Ground infrastructures - Ground to space comms
Preemptive actions - From ground - In space - From space
Security in Space : a definition
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Airbus DS solutions allow autonomous use of space through independent assessment of events in the economically and strategically important orbits
near Earth
A network of optical sensors for survey and tracking of GEO/
MEO space objects
High accuracy for LEO tracking & Characterization
GEO Tracker Active Laser ranging
Additional optical
solutions
Lucky imaging
LEO survey
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Functions • GEO and MEO space objects tracking • GEO survey for detection and orbit determination Performances and specifications • Coverage: GEO arc between -44W to +56E longitude (from Nice) • Operating under normal weather conditions - 10 to + 40° Celsius
and 40 km/h wind speed • Detects objects >1m in GEO • Tracking accuracy < 4 arcsec • Angular measurement accuracy < 1 mdeg (3,6 arcsec)
Key features • Full remote operations • Very high pointing accuracy and repeatability
An operational network dedicated to space surveillance missions and services
GEO Tracker Operational Network
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Field Proven Solution
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The secured architecture ensures data confidentiality
GEO Tracker architecture
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GEO Tracker
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Functions • High accuracy space objects tracking/ Trajectography for
• CDM verification / refinement • Orbit control, complementary to radar systems
Performances specifications • Objects: size > 0.10m, elevation min > 25°, range < 2000km • Ranging accuracy: +/- 3 m • Azimuth and Elevation vs time: +/- 50 m or < 1 mdeg Operational requirements • Automatic station with remote capabilities • Meet Laser Safety Standards • Minimize operational and maintenance cost • Night operations
Focus on Airbus DS’s laser station
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Validation of the station’s design & processing chain • Laser upgrade from a few mJ to 2J per
pulse • Target fine tracking starting from low
accuracy data • from ± 10 km to ± 25 m tracking accuracy
• Tracking of debris • Speed: 7500 m/s • Altitudes: 800 km – 1500 km • Surface: 2 x 2,5m
• Safety coordination with DGAC Nice and French Air Force (NOTAM)
2J / 10 Hz laser Large FoV telescope for coarse
tracking mounted on narrow FoV telescope
Automatic tracking software Low-noise SPAD
SP SSAR - LMX 08/04/2011 - 14
ADS-B Virtual Radar and Laser Safety System Function of the Safety Laser System
To survey and track air trafic with an ADS-B receiver To emit an alert (sound and visual) when an aircraft
equiped with a transponder is approaching the laser safety cone
Device ADS-B portable receiver (model SBS-1eR) with an
antenna and Basestation software Virtual radar for air trafic visualisation on our own screen In-house software to identify all aircraft which will
penetrate in a predefined safety cone around the laser and alert operator to stop the laser
ADS-B Automatic DependentSurveillance-Broadcast
Laser on Laser off
Laser safety regulations for Air traffic and Space traffic process and technologies
Laser ranging demonstration above Nice (March 2012)
9 Course of operations
600 km/h
1,2 km
167 m
8°
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Observation campaigns results: First echo on SL14 18794 the 20/03/2012
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Observation campaigns results: 10 non cooperative objects tracked during the last campaign
Date Name # NORAD Tracking start Tracking stop Distance min (km)
28 march SL14 20197 2h22'12 2h35'52 1500
29 march
SL14 20238 0h20'05 0h27'48 1475
SL14 16594 0h32'05 0h43'02 1800
SL19 37155 1h15'07 1h24'25 1480
SL8 14085 2h18'03 2h25'32 1170
Ariane 40 22830 2h26'51 2h32'21 847
SL14 19196 2h40'33 2h53'32 1520
30 march
SL14 14522 1h05'07 1h18'20 1580
SL8 07443 2h02'36 2h16'13 1670
SL14 16144 2h15'49 2h27'45 1700
Observation campaigns results: 10 non cooperative objects tracked during the last campaign
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Accuracy improvement with laser measurements
A tested laser-based solution for accurate LEO orbit determination
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Operational needs • Detect and catalog small space objects
(Micro & nano-satellites) • Maintain recognised space picture • detect, recognize and identify new objects • Information on all events Solution in development and test at Airbus Defence and Space • Preliminary test in 2015 • Network architecture study • Survey optical station development Test in the coming months
Promising solution to complement radar sensors for LEO survey of small space objects
Survey sensors network architecture
LEO survey demonstration with large FOV sensor
LEO tracking demonstration with GEO Tracker
Large field of view sensors
Survey of LEO orbit with optical solutions
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A technique currently used in astronomy to deal with atmospheric turbulence effects • Acquisition of images with a classic
telescope and a short integration time camera
• Post treatment of pictures – Automatic Selection of the best images – Combination of the best images to improve
resolution
Preliminary results from November 2015
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Feasibility demonstrated, needs industrialisation for operational use
LEO Satellite
Space Station
Lucky Imaging : a simple solution for imaging satellites
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Access to a demonstrated SSA capability and knowledge
Be part of the Airbus DS optical stations network
Acquire assets to provide SSA services for local needs
To summarize the Airbus DS Solutions offer