nuclear fission. a large (heavy) nucleus nuclear fission a large (heavy) nucleus breaks into two...
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Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear FissionA large (heavy) nucleus
Nuclear FissionA large (heavy) nucleus breaks into two smaller nuclei (of intermediate size)
Nuclear FissionA large (heavy) nucleus breaks into two smaller nuclei (of intermediate size) and gives off one or more neutrons.
Nuclear FissionA large (heavy) nucleus breaks into two smaller nuclei (of intermediate size) and gives off one or more neutrons.This process also releases a large amount of energy.
23592U
The parent nucleus most commonly used for nuclear fission is Uranium–235
23592U
The parent nucleus most commonly used for nuclear fission is Uranium–235
92 protons(235-92) = 143 neutrons
23592U
The parent nucleus most commonly used for nuclear fission is Uranium–235
92 protons(235-92) = 143 neutrons
23592U
The parent nucleus most commonly used for nuclear fission is Uranium–235
92 protons(235-92) = 143 neutrons
neutron
23592U
23692U
Unstable
23692U
Unstable
9236 Kr
Krypton–92
9236 Kr
14156 Ba
Barium–141
9236 Kr
14156 Ba
n
n
n
Neutron
Neutron
Neutron
9236 Kr
14156 Ba
n
n
n
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
Energy
1 236 141 92 10 92 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
23592 n U Ba Kr 3 n energy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
U
235 236 141 92 192 92 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
10U U Ba Kr 3 n energy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energ
n
y
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36
2362
0
9U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36
2362
0
9U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
unstable
235 1 236 92 192 0 92 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 3
14
6
16
0
5U n U Kr 3 n energy
U n Ba
B
Kr 3 n energ
a
y
235 1 236 141 192 0 92 56 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
9236U n U Ba 3 n energy
U n Ba Kr 3 n en
K
g
r
er y
235 1 236 141 9292 0 92 56 36
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
10U n U Ba Kr energy
U n Ba Kr 3 n ene g
3
r
n
y
235 1 236 141 92 192 0 92 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
eneU n U Ba Kr 3 n
U n Ba Kr
r
3 n energ
gy
y
235 1 236 141 92 192 0 92 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
eneU n U Ba Kr 3 n
U n Ba Kr
r
3 n energ
gy
y
heat gamma rays
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36
2362
0
9U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
23692
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
0
U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU
U n Ba Kr 3 n ene gy
gy
r
r
23692
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
0
U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU
U n Ba Kr 3 n ene gy
gy
r
r
235 236 141 9292 92 56 36
235 141 92 192 56 3
1 10 0
10 6 0
U U Ba Kr energy
U Ba Kr 3 n en
n 3 n
n ergy
Slow neutron
235 236 141 9292 92 56 36
235 1 141 9292 0 56 3
1 10
16
0
0
U U Ba Kr energy
U n Ba Kr energy
n 3 n
3 n
Fast neutron
s
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
235 1 141 92 156 36
2369
92 0 0
2U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Total charge on Left = 92
23692
56 36
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
235 1 141 920 0
192
U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 56 + 36 + 3(0) = 92
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
141 92 192 0 56 36
23692
2350
1
U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Total mass on left = 235 +1
= 236
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0
235 192 0 56 36
23692
141 20
9 1
U n Ba Kr 3 n eneU rgy
U n Ba Kr n ene3 rgy
Total mass on right= 141 + 92 + 3(1)
= 236
Total mass on left = 235 +1
= 236
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay.
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
Cesium–137 ( )
Strontium–90 ( )
Iodine–131 ( )
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
13153I
9038Sr
13755Cs
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
Cesium–137 ( )
Strontium–90 ( )
Iodine–131 ( )
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
13153I
9038Sr
13755Cs
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
Cesium–137 ( )
Strontium–90 ( )
Iodine–131 ( )
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
13153I
9038Sr
13755Cs
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
Cesium–137 ( ) half-life 30 years, enters the body like
K.
Strontium–90 ( )
Iodine–131 ( )
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
13153I
9038Sr
13755Cs
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
Cesium–137 ( ) half-life 30 years, enters the body like
K.
Strontium–90 ( ) half-life 30 years, stored in bones like
Ca
Iodine–131 ( )
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
13153I
9038Sr
13755Cs
Many of these fission products are highly radioactive and undergo beta and gamma decay. Three particularly dangerous products are:
Cesium–137 ( ) half-life 30 years, enters the body like
K.
Strontium–90 ( ) half-life 30 years, stored in bones like
Ca
Iodine–131 ( ) half-life 8 days, absorbed by thyroid
gland.
235 1 141 92 192 0 56 36 0U n Ba Kr 3 n energy
Many other fission reactions are possible for uranium–235
13153I
9038Sr
13755Cs
Finding a Missing Fission
Product
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
?
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 1592 0 4 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Finding a Missing Fission Product
54 3235 1 143 90 1
92 0 8 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 56 + 36 + 3(0) =
92
Finding a Missing Fission Product
54 3235 1 143 90 1
92 0 08U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 54 + 36 + 3(0) =
92
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 54 + 36 + 3(0) =
92
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 3 08U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 54 + 36 + 3(0) =
9292-54
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 3 08U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 54 + 38 + 3(0) =
9292-54
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 3 08U n Xe Sr 3 n
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 54 + 38 + 3(0) =
92
Finding a Missing Fission Product
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe S 3 nr
Total charge on Left = 92
Total charge on right= 54 + 38 + 3(0) =
92
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission Product
143 90 192 0 55
4 323 1
8 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 90 192 0 5
1434 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 143 9092 0 5 38 0
14U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 143 9092 0 5 38 0
14U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 143 90 192 0 54 38 0U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 143 192 0 5
93 00
4 8U n Xe Sr 3 n
Finding a Missing Fission ProductTotal mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 143 + 90 + 3(1) = 236
235 1 143 192 0 5
93 0084U n Xe S 3 nr
Finding a Missing Fission Product
The Missing Fission Product
Finding the Number of NeutronsGiven Off
137 97 152
235 14 092 0 0Te Zn 2 nU n
137 9752
235 1 192 0 040Te U n 2 n Zn
235 1 137 97 192 0 52 40 0U n Te Zn 2 n ?
137 97 192 0 55
2 423 1
0 0U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
235 1 137 97 192 0 52 40 0U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 1 97 192 0 5
1372 40 0U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 1 137 192 0 5
94 07
2 0U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 1 137 9792 0 5 40 0
12U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
234
235 1 137 9792 0 5 40 0
12U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 1 137 9792 0 5 40 0
12U n Te Zn 2 n ?
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 1 137 97 192 0 52 40 0U n Te Zn 2 n
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 192 0 5
137 97 12 40 0U n Te Zn 2 n
Total mass on left= 235 + 1 = 236
Total mass on right= 137 + 97 + 2(1) = 236
235 1 137 97 192 0 52 40 0U n Te Zn 2 n