nunn-lugar report
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
1/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
INSIDE THIS REPORT:
Lugars Extraordinary Summer ofDiplomatic Activity
3
Lugar, Obama Urge Destruction ofConventional Weapons Stockpiles
4
Lugar, Obama Inspect RussianWarhead Destruction Facility
6
Photos from the Lugar, ObamaTrip
7
The Nunn-Lugar Program 8
Russia Ukraine Azerbaijan
Ukrainian President VictorYuschenko to advance the
agreement.
In the May 16 letter toYuschenko, Lugar wrote, Forseveral years, the United
States has sought to expandour cooperation to includepreventing the spread ofbiological pathogens andexpertise to terrorists. Thishigh priority initiative includesa provision for a modern, safe
and secure diagnostic healthlaboratory and a nationalnetwork of epidemiologicalmonitoring stations equipped
to rapidly detect, diagnoseand respond to infectiousdisease outbreaks throughoutUkraine, whether naturallyoccurring or as a result ofbioterrorism. Suchcooperation is ongoing withGeorgia, Uzbekistan andKazakhstan, and just lastweek, the government of
Azerbaijan signed anagreement to cooperate in
this area. Unfortunately,bureaucratic obstacles in yourgovernment continue to blockconclusion of such anagreement between theUkrainian Ministry of Healthand the U.S. Department of
Defense.
Intervention in recent days byPrime Minister YuliyaTymoshenko broke a log jamwithin Ukrainian government
bureaucracy.
Were going to cooperate inall aspects of the Nunn-Lugarprogram, Tymoshenko told
Lugar in a meeting.
Youve giving us good news.We know that yourintervention made possible
August 2005
NE W NU N N -LU G A R B I O L O G I C A L AG R E E M E N T S I G N E D I N UK R A I N E
NUNN-LUGARREPORT
Nunn-Lugar Transports Dangerous Germs to U.S.BAKU, Azerbaijan -- The Nunn-Lugar Cooperative ThreatReduction program has
transported 124 samples of62 unique strains ofcausative agents of plague,anthrax, cholera and otherdangerous diseases from
here to Washington, DC.
The germs were moved to theU.S. Armed Forces Institute ofPathology in Washington, DCby U.S. military transport onSeptember 2. U.S. Sen. DickLugar concluded the transportagreement during a meetingwith Azerbaijan PresidentIlham Aliyev here on August
31.
This is an importantcooperation between our twogovernments to counter the
threat of bio-terrorism and toprevent the proliferation ofbiological weapons,
technology, materials andexpertise. This is also an
continued on page 2
continued on page 3
KIEV, Ukraine U.S. Sen. DickLugarannounced that
the United Statesand Ukrainehave signed anagreement tocounter the
threat ofbioterrorism and
to prevent theproliferation ofbiologicalweapons,
technology,materials and
expertise.
This new Nunn-LugarCooperativeThreat Reduction
agreement wassigned here onAugust 29,2005, during avisit by Lugar, co-author of the program andU.S. Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL). Negotiations on theagreement have gone on for
more than a year.
In May, Lugar wrote to
Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Dick Lugar (R-IN) and Committee memberBarack Obama (D-IL) at a base near Perm where mobile launch missiles are being destroyed bythe Nunn-Lugar program.
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
2/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
the signing of the cooperativebiological agreement, Lugar
responded.
Under the agreement, theU.S. will assist Ukraine to:
Upgrade the security forpathogens currently stored atvarious health laboratories
throughout Ukraine;
Significantly reduce thetime required to accuratelydiagnose disease outbreaksin Ukraine and assesswhether they are natural or
the result of a terrorist act;
Allow for cooperation todevelop better diagnostic
tools and treatments toprotect both U.S. andUkrainian populations againstinfectious diseases. Thisincludes leveraging U.S.
laboratory capabilities toimprove detection of endemic
diseases in Ukraine.
The signing came as Lugarand Obama visited the KievCentral Sanitary andEpidemiological Station, oneof the facilities that will be
covered under the agreement.
The Station maintains a
pathogen collection andconducts work on many highlydangerous infections reportedin Ukraine. These includepathogens causing diseasessuch as: Anthrax, Tularemia,
Brucellosis, Listeriosis,Diphtheria, Cholera, Typhoid,
and others.
Previously, scientists at the
Station had been paid just$100 per month. This year,10 employees of the Centerbegan participating in the firstScience and TechnologyCenter-Ukraine, affiliated with
the Nunn-Lugar program. TheScience and TechnologyCenter-Ukraine employsscientists in peaceful work.Several other projects are
being discussed.
The Nunn-Lugar programlooks forward to assisting the
Central Sanitary andEpidemiological Station instrengthening biosafety andbiosecurity, enhancing itsmolecular diagnosticcapability and expandingresearch cooperation with theUnited States under this new
agreement, Lugar said.
At the Anti-Plague Institute inOdessa, Ukraine, the Nunn-
Lugar program will expand thestudy and capacity todiagnose the spread of avianflu in migratory birds, a majorinfluenza concern around the
world.
When we think of the majorthreats to our nationalsecurity, the first to come tomind are nuclearproliferation, rogue states andglobal terrorism. But anotherkind of threat lurks beyondour shores, one from nature,not humans -- an avian flupandemic. An outbreak couldcause millions of deaths,destabilize Southeast Asia (itslikely place of origin), and
threaten the security ofgovernments around theworld, Lugar and Obamawrote in a June 6 op-ed in The
New York Times.
In response to this threat,Lugar and Obama wrote,the Senate ForeignRelations Committeeunanimously approvedlegislation directing PresidentBush to form a senior-level
task force to put in place aninternational strategy to deal
with the avian flu andcoordinate policy among ourgovernment agencies. Weurge the Bush administration
to form this task forceimmediately without waitingfor legislation to be passed.
Earlier in the trip, Lugar andObama visited the RussianResearch Institute ofPhytopathology at Golitsino, aformer biological weapons
facility.
The Nunn-Lugar program,through the InternationalScience and TechnologyCenter, has employed 58,000scientists that were previouslyinvolved in weapons of massdestruction programs in the
former Soviet Union.
Page 2
. . . B IO WEAPONS AGREEMENT S IGNED
When we think of the
major threats to our
national security, the
first to come to mind are
nuclear proliferation,
rogue states and global
terrorism. But anotherkind of threat lurks
beyond our shores, one
from nature, not
humans -- an avian flu
pandemic. An outbreak
could cause millions of
deaths, destabilize
Southeast Asia (its
likely place of origin),
and threaten the security
of governments around
the world,
-Lugar and Obama
June 6 op-ed
The New York Times.
August 2005
continued from page 1
Senator Lugar in front of pathogens that will be secured by the Nunn-Lugarprogram in a lab near Moscow.
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
3/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
Nunn-Lugar Report
President Bush asked SenateForeign Relations Committee
Chairman Dick Lugar to takea mission to Algeria andMorocco to complete thearrangements for freeing thelast 404 Moroccan prisonersof war held in Algeria by thePolisario Front, some for more
than two decades.
The United States has longviewed the release of theseprisoners as an importanthumanitarian goal and aconstructive step for peaceand stability in North Africa.
Beyond its humanitarianimportance, the release of theprisoners is a reminder of theneed to maintain peace in theregion and advance stabilityand economic cooperation.The United States stronglysupports an Algerian-Moroccan rapprochementand a peaceful politicalsolution to the question ofWestern Sahara, within a UNframework, that honors theprinciple of self-determination. Although our
mission is purelyhumanitarian, I am hopeful
that Algeria and Morocco canseize on this occasion tocreate a climate conducive to
the settlement of the Western
Sahara issue, Lugar said.
Lugar then traveled to Libyawhere he reaffirmed to
Muammar al Qadhafi U.S.policy that relations with Libya
will continue to improve asthe Libyan governmentcontinues to cooperate on key
issues.
In a rare hour-and-a-halfmidday meeting with Qadhafi,
Lugar emphasized eliminationof the countrys weapons ofmass destruction programs,renunciation of terrorism andhuman rights developmentsas important steps towardnormalizing relations. Lugaralso met with the Ministers ofManpower and Labor,
Cooperation, and ForeignAffairs, as well as the senior
leadership of the GeneralPeoples Congress and other
senior officials.
I welcomed the earlierhistoric Libyan decision toabandon its weapons of massdestruction programs andlong-range missiles. I noted
the dramatic improvement inU.S.-Libya relations andstressed the U.S. commitment
to a continually improvingrelationship, as cooperationbetween our countries grows.We have important sharedinterests in combating
the Azerbaijan Cabinet ofMinisters in June 2005. In
addition to the pathogentransfer, the two countries willwork together improvingsecurity of the Azerbaijancentral pathogen healthlaboratory. Nunn-Lugar fundswill be used to enhance bio-security and bio-safety. Theprogram will also devisemodern diagnostic anddetection equipment torespond to dangerous diseaseoutbreaks. Azerbaijani
important step in assistingboth countries to rapidlydetect, diagnose and respond
to infectious diseaseoutbreaks, whether naturallyoccurring or as a result of bio-
terrorism, Lugar said.
A Nunn-Lugar biological threatreduction agreement wassigned between the U.S.Department of Defense and
scientists will receive training atU.S. laboratories. The program
will also work with the BakuAnti-Plague Station.
The strains have been collectedover many years fromenvironmental, human andanimal sources in Azerbaijan.The strains will be studied in
join research programs with theU.S. Department of Defenseand Azerbaijan medical
researchers.
Page 3
L U G A R S E X T R A O R D I N A R Y S U M M E R O F D I P L O M A T I C AC T I V I T Y
. . .AZERBA I JAN I PATHOGENS FLOWN TO U.S.
In a rare hour-and-a-
half midday meeting
with Qadhafi, Lugar
emphasized elimination
of the countrys weapons
of mass destruction
programs, renunciation
of terrorism and human
rights developments as
important steps toward
normalizing relations.
Lugar also met with the
Ministers of Manpowerand Labor,
Cooperation, and
Foreign Affairs, as well
as the senior leadership
of the General Peoples
Congress and other
senior officials.
continued on page 4
continued from page 1
Senator Lugar greets POWs released in Tindouf, Algeria.
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
4/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
presidential action, the UnitedStates unblocked Libyanassets that had been frozen,renewed airline connections
to Libya, and paved the way
for other commercialcontacts. The United States
has also established adiplomatic interest section inTripoli, though formaldiplomatic relations have not
been reestablished.
Ukrainian leaders appreciateLugars help
In an extraordinary set ofmeetings, Ukrainian leaders,
from the first president of thecountry to the opposition,praised U.S. Sen. Dick Lugarfor his help in developing civic
society in the 14-year historyof the country. They also
thanked Lugar for his help ineliminating the countrysweapons of mass destruction.
Ukraine would have been theworlds third largest nuclearpower had Nunn-Lugar notsecured and removed on of
its warheads and missiles.
Lugar met with PresidentViktor Yushchenko, PrimeMinister Yuliya Tymoshenko,and Rada Speaker VolodymyrLytvyn. He also met withLeonid Kravchuk, the firstpresident of the country, andLeonid Kuchma, the second.
Lugar had met with eachnumerous times to advancethe Nunn-Lugar program inthe country and during theelections of 2004, whenPresident Bush asked Lugar
to be his officialrepresentative because ofLugars history of working withall the players in the country.He has served a similarmission in advocatingdemocratic progress in theRepublic of Georgia. InAzerbaijan on August 31,
2005, Lugar met withPresident Ilham Aliyev,cabinet ministers andoppositions leaders toexpress the importance of fair
elections in November.
Kingdom have contributed
$1.2 million.
While the destruction is ready
to begin, the Ukrainian Rada(parliament) first must pass alaw exempting the foreignassistance from taxation.Lugar and Obama discussed
this issue with Rada SpeakerVolodymyr Lytvyn, PrimeMinister Yuliya Tymoshenkoand President Viktor
Yushchenko in meetingsyesterday. All three leadersindicated they would promoteaction before the March 2006
destruction facility where theU.S. has taken the lead in a
three-year NATO program todestroy the weapons.Another 117,000 tons ofammunition and 1.1 millionsmall arms and light weaponsare slated for destruction
within 12 years.
So far, the U.S. hascontributed $2.1 million to
the project, and Austria,Bulgaria, Luxembourg,Lithuania, Netherlands,Norway, Slovakia,Switzerland, and the United
parliamentary elections.
The visit underscores theimportance of legislation Lugar
and Obama have authored thatwould commit additional U.S.resources and expandauthorities in cooperative
threat reduction ofconventional weapons around
the world. The bill is part of theForeign Relations AuthorizationBill that is pending in theSenate and will be introducedas a free-standing bill by the
senators this fall.
Page 4
LUGAR S ACT IVE SUMMER OF D I P LOMACY
Lugar, Obama Urge Destruction of Conventional Weapons Stockpiles
August 2005
continued on page 5
Senator Lugar and Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko in Kiev.
terrorism, increasinghumanitarian assistance inSudan, and working together
in a number of other areas.In addition, I raised importantongoing issues related tohuman rights, terrorism,economic integration anddevelopment, and regional
matters, Lugar said.
Since Libya renounced itsweapons of mass destructionprograms on December 19,2003, the United States hasbeen exploring ways toimprove contacts with Libya
while continuing to urge thatgovernment to resolveremaining issues related tohuman rights and otherconcerns. On September 20,2004, President Bush
terminated the nationalemergency with respect toLibya and revoked manyexecutive order sanctions.The President noted thatLibya had facilitated theremoval of all criticalelements of its nuclearprograms, acceded to the
Chemical WeaponsConvention, and turned overits weapons of massdestruction documentation,among many other positivesteps. As a result of this
continued from page 3
DONETSK, Ukraine U.S.Senators Dick Lugar (R-IN)and Barack Obama (D-IL)called for the immediatedestruction of 15,000 tons ofammunition, 400,000 smallarms and light weapons, and1,000 man-portable airdefense systems (MANPADS)or shoulder missile launchers
that are often sought by
terrorists.
Lugar and Obama toured theDonetsk State ChemicalProduction Plant, aconventional weapons
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
5/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
Nunn-Lugar Report
stockpile dates from WorldWar I and II, yet most datesfrom Cold War buildup and
the stocks left behind bySoviet withdrawals from East
Germany, the Czech Republic,Hungry and Poland, Obamasaid. We need to eliminate
these stockpiles for the safetyof the Ukrainian people andpeople around world, bykeeping them out of conflicts
around the world.
Estimates by the NATOMaintenance and SupplyAgency suggest a significantproliferation and public safety
threat from the 7 million smallarms and light weapons and 2
million tons of conventionalammunition stored in more
than 80 depots acrossUkraine. These depots werenever designed to hold suchlarge stockpiles and remainvulnerable to those seekingsuch weapons or theircomponents, or tospontaneous detonation insome of the older and larger
ammunition stockpiles.
In March 2005, the Foreign
Relations Committee addedthe Lugar-ObamaDisarmament Initiative to theForeign Affairs Authorization
We discussed MANPADS,landmines and other veryhighly dangerous explosives.Ukraine has huge stockpiles
leftover from previous timesthat are dangerous to peopleof this country as well as thepossibility for proliferation toother countries, Lugar said.We are working to obtainfunds to secure and destroy
these weapons in cooperativethreat reduction. We areencouraging the U.S. andUkraine to work together and
to obtain more funds. Wecame here to see the problemand the solution with our own
eyes.
By the late 1980s, 75percent of all Ukrainesindustrial capacity was used
to produce Soviet weaponry,including strategic weapons.In June 1996, the Nunn-LugarCooperative Threat Reductionprogram successfullyachieved the removal of all1,240 deployed SS-19 andSS-24 strategic nuclear
warheads from Ukraine.
Vast stocks of conventionalmunitions and militarysupplies have accumulated inUkraine. Some of this
Act for Fiscal Years 2006 and2007. The initiative is modeledon the original Nunn-Lugar Act.Its purpose is to provide theDepartment of State with a
focused response to the threatposed by vulnerable stockpilesof conventional weaponsaround the world, including
tactical missiles and MANPADS.Such missile systems could beused by terrorists to attackcommercial airliners, militaryinstallations and governmentfacilities in the U.S. and abroad.Reports suggest that Al Qaedahas attempted to acquire thesekinds of weapons. In addition,unsecured conventionalweapons stockpiles are a major
obstacle to peace,reconstruction and economicdevelopment in regions
suffering from instability.
This bill declares it to be thepolicy of the United States toseek out surplus andunguarded stocks ofconventional armaments,including small arms and lightweapons, and tactical missilesystems for elimination orsafeguarding. It authorizes theDepartment of State to carry
out an accelerated global effortto destroy such weapons and tocooperate with allies andinternational organizations
when possible. TheSecretary of State ischarged with devisinga strategy forprioritizing, on acountry-by-countrybasis, the obligationof funds in a globalprogram ofconventional armselimination. Lastly,
the Secretary isrequired to unifyprogram planning,coordination andimplementation of thestrategy into oneoffice at the StateDepartment and torequest a budgetcommensurate with
the risk posed by
these weapons.
Page 5
We discussedMANPADS,
landmines and other
very highly dangerous
explosives. Ukraine has
huge stockpiles leftover
from previous times that
are dangerous to people
of this country as well
as the possibility for
proliferation to other
countries.
We are working to
obtain funds to secure
and destroy these
weapons in cooperative
threat reduction. We
are encouraging the U.S.
and Ukraine to work
together and to obtain
more funds. We came
here to see the problem
and the solution with
our own eyes.
--U.S. Sen. Dick Lugar
continued from page 4
Mines that are being destroyed near Donetsk, Ukraine.
. . . THE LUGAR -OBAMA D I SARMAMENT INIT IAT IVE
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
6/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
U.S. Senators Dick Lugar andBarack Obama had a rare
look at a Russian nuclearwarhead storage facility. Onlya hand full of Americans haveever seen, let alone had theopportunity to inspect, aRussian warhead storagefacility. The facility at Saratovis among the most tightlysecured and secret places in
the world.
Lugar and Obama were drivento the facility with RussianGeneral Igor Valynkin in a vanwith curtains closed. Once at
the facility however, Valynkinled the senators through anextensive inspection. It wasLugars second visit to the
site.
Security equipment andprocedures for the facilitywere provided by the Nunn-
Lugar program.
Page 6
L U G A R , O B A M A I N S P E C T RU S S I A N W A R H E A D D E S T R U C T I O N F A C I L I T Y
The experience of Nunn-
Lugar shows that, with
determination and hard
work, we can deny terrorists
access to these devastatingweapons. The attacks on
the World Trade Center
and the Pentagon
galvanized a consensus in
our country that we must
apply to what the 9/11
Commission called a
maximum effort to this
task We must work day
and night to find and
eliminate weapons of mass
destruction. Success will
come only with the
persistent diplomacy and
constant attention from the
highest levels of our
government.
- U.S. Sen. Dick Lugar
August 2005
Security for Russias warhead storage facilities has been developed byNunn-Lugar. This tower is located at the Nunn-Lugar supportedsecurity training center near Moscow.
Nunn-Lugar Fiscal Year Funding
592.7
380
295
363.6 381.5440.4 458.1 442.4
400 416450.8
409.2 415
12.9
246.3
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Fiscal Year
$Millio
ns
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
7/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
Nunn-Lugar Report Page 7
PHO TO S F R O M THE LU G A R , OB A M A TR I P
The importance of theCaspian Sea patrols forweapons of massdestruction cannot beoverstated. The Caspianstretches from Russia in theNorth to Iran in the South,and is a potentiallysignificant smugglingroute.
Baku is also the home of a
new oil terminal, which ispumping one millionbarrels of oil a day througha pipeline to a port inTurkey on theMediterranean. TheNunn-Lugar program hasprovided a boat, otherequipment and training toAzerbaijan to assist in theinspection of ships.
Senators Lugar and Obama at a press conference in Kiev, attended by 80people. Sixty reporters attended a press conference in Baku.
Lugar stands in front of a rocket shell that could have delivered nuclear bombs to theU.S. These mobile launched missiles are being destroyed near Perm, Russia, by theNunn-Lugar Program.
-
8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT
8/8
Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov
Nunn-Lugar Report Page 8
TH E NU N N -LU G A R P R O GR A M
In 1991, Senator Lugar (R-IN) and former Senator Sam Nunn (D-GA) authored the Nunn-Lugar Act, which established the Cooperative ThreatReduction Program. This program has provided U.S. funding and expertise to help the former Soviet Union safeguard and dismantle its
enormous stockpiles of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, related materials, and delivery systems. In 1997, Lugar and Nunn werejoined by Senator Pete Domenici (R-NM) in introducing the Defense Against Weapons of Mass Destruction Act, which expanded Nunn-Lugarauthorities in the former Soviet Union and provided WMD expertise to first responders in American cities. In 2003, Congress adopted theNunn-Lugar Expansion Act, which authorized the Nunn-Lugar program to operate outside the former Soviet Union to address proliferation
threats. In October 2004, Nunn-Lugar funds were used for the first time outside of the former Soviet Union to secure chemical weapons in
Albania, under a Lugar-led expansion of the program.
The latest Nunn-Lugar Scorecard shows that the program has deactivated or destroyed: 6,760 nuclear warheads; 587 ICBMs; 483 ICBMsilos; 32 ICBM mobile missile launchers; 150 bombers; 789 nuclear air-to-surface missiles; 436 submarine missile launchers; 549
submarine launched missiles; 28 nuclear submarines; and 194 nuclear test tunnels.
Beyond the scorecards nuclear elimination, theNunn-Lugar program secures and destroyschemical weapons, and works to reemployscientists and facilities related to biological
weapons in peaceful research initiatives. TheInternational Science and Technology Centers, ofwhich the United States is the leading sponsor,have engaged 58,000 former weapons scientists inpeaceful work. The International ProliferationPrevention Program has funded 750 projectsinvolving 14,000 former weapons scientists andcreated some 580 new peaceful high-tech jobs.Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan are nuclearweapons free as a result of cooperative effortsunder the Nunn-Lugar program. They otherwisewould be the worlds the third, fourth and eighth
largest nuclear weapons powers, respectively.
Chemical Weapons Destruction
Nuclear Security
Missile Destruction
Biological Weapons
Proliferation Prevention
Border Security
24%
38%
14%
14
10
Nunn-Lugar Funding by Mission Area